Manual:Installation requirements/it

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Oltre al software MediaWiki stesso, è necessario:

In aggiunta, ci sono varie dipendenze opzionali richieste se si vuole un certo livello di contenuto.

Se il vostro sito web è ospitato (cioè non ne avete il controllo diretto), contattate l'amministratore del server o la società di hosting per assicurarvi che questi pacchetti software siano installati e disponibili.

To run MediaWiki maintenance scripts, you will need command line access.

One-download installation

If you are using Linux, it's best to install the Apache web server, PHP, and the MariaDB database server using your package manager. On Debian and Ubuntu, do the following: 

sudo apt-get install php php-apcu php-common php-intl php-json php-mbstring php-mysql php-xml mariadb-server apache2

Software bundles

On other operating systems, use a software bundle like XAMPP from https://www.apachefriends.org to install and configure all of the important packages – Apache web server, PHP, and MariaDB – with only one download. It is available for Linux, Windows, Mac and Solaris. As of gennaio 2021, the latest version of XAMPP includes PHP 8.0 (MediaWiki requires at least 7.4.3).

Alternatively, if you run Mac OS, you can use MAMP, which is the equivalent to XAMPP. MAMP includes the ability to run the Apache web server and a MySQL database. It is available for both Windows and Mac, but is generally used on Mac instead of Windows.

Web server

Per passare le pagine al browser, MediaWiki necessita di un web server. Spesso non si ha la possibilità di scegliere quale software utilizzare; sarà quello fornito dal proprio fornitore del servizio di hosting.

MediaWiki is broadly compatible with all major web servers that can invoke a compatible version of PHP. La maggior parte delle installazioni utilizza Apache HTTPD web server. Nginx (configuration example) is a good choice as well.

PHP

PHP è il linguaggio di programmazione in cui è scritto MediaWiki ed è richiesto per far girare il software.

  • Per l'ultima versione di MediaWiki, è richiesto almeno PHP 7.4.3 See the page on Compatibilità for further information.
MediaWiki is not compatible with PHP 7.4.0 - 7.4.2 due to an upstream bug. Use PHP 7.4.3+ instead. See task T246594 for more information.
If using PHP8 we recommend using MediaWiki 1.38.4+ or 1.39.0+. PHP8 is not in use by Wikimedia wikis, and thus gets less testing, but other groups do use MediaWiki with PHP8 without issue. If you encounter any bugs when using MediaWiki with PHP8 please report them. See task T248925 for more information.
    • calendar - required since 1.33
    • dom - required since 1.34
    • fileinfo - required since 1.30
    • intl - required since 1.36
    • json - required since 1.22
    • mbstring - required since 1.27, recommended for earlier versions
    • xml - required since 1.27, recommended for earlier versions
    • xmlreader - required since 1.36
  • Normally all of these are enabled in PHP by default.

But some host providers may only provide basic LAMP or LNMP environment. In that case you should install these extensions manually.

    • In Debian/Ubuntu, the following command can install PHP and the extensions listed above: sudo apt install php php-calendar php-dom php-fileinfo php-intl php-json php-mbstring php-xml php-xmlreader
  • If using graphical hosting control panel software such as cPanel, you can often use "Select PHP Version" (PHP Selector) to check and enable extensions. (example error message: "You are missing a required extension to PHP that MediaWiki requires to run. Please install: intl")
  • On most Debian/Ubuntu-based distros the php-mysql package is required if you want MediaWiki to use MySQL.
  • Some features of MediaWiki may require PHP functions that execute external processes, like image thumbnailing, that some cheap hosts usually disable.

Please take this into consideration if you plan to install MediaWiki on a shared host.

  • MediaWiki extensions may require additional PHP features, e.g. VisualEditor requires libcurl support (php-curl on Debian/Ubuntu-based distros).

If you need to compile PHP from source, then see Configurazione di PHP for compilation options that affect MediaWiki.

Database server

MediaWiki archivia tutto il testo ed i dati in un database, che sia capace di condividere i dati con altre applicazioni web come PHPBB. Ti serve uno dei seguenti database per poter far girare MediaWiki:

Using MariaDB or MySQL is recommended as Wikimedia uses MariaDB. Any other database servers are less tested and you may likely run into some bugs.

Since MediaWiki 1.34 , we no longer support using Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server . We strongly advise to no longer use these.

Alcuni utenti trovano utile installare un software package come phpMyAdmin (MySQL/MariaDB) o phpPgAdmin (PostgreSQL) per aiutare l'amministrazione del database. Some Servizi di hosting also provide such software.

Hardware richiesto

L'hardware minimo richiesto è di 256MB di RAM per il sito su un computer singolo con 40MB di storage, sebbene questo non sia possibile per un sito pubblico trafficato con l'upload abilitato. Alcuni utenti sono riusciti a far partire MediaWiki su computer con 48MB di RAM.

The install size can be reduced to around 50MB for a developer install and to around 26MB for a non-developer, end-user install. See Manual:Reduce size of the installation .

Dipendenze opzionali

  • ImageMagick o GD sonorichiesti per Image thumbnailing .
  • TeX è richiesto per la visualizzazione di formule matematiche In most Debian/Ubuntu-based distros, this is in the texlive package.
  • GNU diff3 can be provided to automatically resolve conflicts.

See also

  • Compatibilità , for information about how MediaWiki's installation requirements are likely to change in the future
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