Help:Tabelle

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For MediaWiki's database table structure, see Manual:Database layoutManual:Database layout

Nelle pagine wiki possono essere create tabelle. Come regola generale, è preferibile evitare di usare le tabelle a meno che non se ne abbia veramente bisogno. Questo perché il markup delle tabelle complica il lavoro di scrittura e revisione ai futuri contributori della pagina wiki.

Markup base

{|	inizio tabella
|+	legenda, una per tabella, tra l'inizio e la prima riga
|-	interruzione di riga, opzionale per la prima
!	cella titolo, opzionale, più celle iniziali possono essere inserite con un doppio punto esclamativo (!!) o andando a capo e cominciando la riga con !
|	cella, richiesto, celle consecutive possono essere inserite raddoppiando la barra (||) o andando a capo e cominciando la riga con |.
|}	fine tabella

• Tutti i segni comportano un ritorno a capo, eccetto || e !!.
• attributi XHTML. *Tutti i simboli, eccetto il fine tabella, supportano gli attributi XHTML. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark. Separate attributes from each other with a single space.
  • Cells and caption (| or ||, ! or !!, and |+) hold content. So separate any attributes from content with a single pipe (|). Cell content may follow on same line or on following lines.
  • Table and row marks ({| and |-) do not directly hold content. Do not add pipe (|) after their optional attributes. If you erroneously add a pipe after attributes for the table mark or row mark the parser will delete it and your final attribute if it was touching the erroneous pipe!
• Content may (a) follow its cell mark on the same line after any optional HTML attributes or (b) on lines below the cell mark. Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as lists, headings, or nested tables, must be on its own new line.
  • Pipe character as content. To insert a pipe (|) character into a table, use the <nowiki>|</nowiki> escaping markup.

Tabella semplice

Questa tabella tralascia bordi e larghezze, per informazioni su questi parametri, vedi sotto.

You type	You get
{| |Arancia |Mela |- |Pane |Dolce |- |Burro |Gelato |}	Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato

Per creare un aspetto più simile ad una tabella, le celle possono essere allineate con || If the text in the cell should contain a line break, use <br/> instead.

You type	You get
{| |<span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Arancia || Mela || altro</span>||Apple||more |- |<span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Pane || Dolce || altro</span>||Pie||more |- |<span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Burro || Gelato || altro ancora</span>||Ice<br/>cream||and<br/>more |}	Arancia Mela altro Apple more Pane Dolce altro Pie more Burro Gelato altro ancora Ice cream and more

Gli spazi eccessivi non vengono contati.

You type	You get
{| | Arancia || Mela || altro |- | Pane || Dolce || altro |- | Burro || Gelato || altro ancora |}	Arancia Mela altro Pane Dolce altro Burro Gelato altro ancora

You can have longer text or more complex wiki syntax inside table cells, too:

You type

You get

{| |Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. | * Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet * consetetur sadipscing elitr * sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt |}

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consetetur sadipscing elitr sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt

Table headers

Table headers can be created by using "!" (exclamation mark) instead of "|" (pipe symbol). Headers usually show up bold and centered by default.

You type	You get
{| ! style="text-align:left;"| Item ! Amount ! Cost |- |Arancia |10 |7.00 |- |Pane |4 |3.00 |- |Burro |1 |5.00 |- !Total | |15.00 |}	Item Amount Cost Arancia 10 7.00 Pane 4 3.00 Burro 1 5.00 Total 15.00

Note: When using attributes as in the heading 'Item' a vertical bar '|' is used for separation. Not an exclamation character '!'.

Caption

A table caption can be added to the top of any table as follows.

You type	You get
{| |+Cibo |- |Arancia |Mela |- |Pane |Dolce |- |Burro |Gelato |}	Cibo Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato

class="wikitable"

Basic styling (light gray background, borders, padding and align left) can be achieved by adding class="wikitable".

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" |+Cibo |- |Arancia |Mela |- |Pane |Dolce |- |Burro |Gelato |}	Cibo Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato

HTML colspan and rowspan

You can use HTML colspan and rowspan attributes on cells for advanced layout.

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" !colspan="6"|Shopping List |- |rowspan="2"|Pane & Burro |Dolce |Buns |Danish |colspan="2"|Croissant |- |Cheese |colspan="2"|Gelato |Burro |Yogurt |}	Shopping List Pane & Burro Dolce Buns Danish Croissant Cheese Gelato Burro Yogurt

Con attributi HTML

You can add HTML attributes to tables. For the authoritative source on these, see the W3C's HTML Specification page on tables.

Attributes on tables

Placing attributes after the table start tag ({|) applies attributes to the entire table.

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; color: green;" |Arancia |Mela |12,333.00 |- |Pane |Dolce |500.00 |- |Burro |Gelato |1.00 |}	Arancia Mela 12,333.00 Pane Dolce 500.00 Burro Gelato 1.00

Attributi per celle

You can put attributes on individual cells. For example, numbers may look better aligned right.

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" | Arancia | Mela | style="text-align:right;" | 12,333.00 |- | Pane | Dolce | style="text-align:right;" | 500.00 |- | Burro | Gelato | style="text-align:right;" | 1.00 |}	Arancia Mela 12,333.00 Pane Dolce 500.00 Burro Gelato 1.00

È anche possibile usare gli attributi per una singola cella. Note that the cells are separated by ||, and within each cell the attribute(s) and value are separated by |.

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" | Arancia || Mela || style="text-align:right;" | 12,333.00 |- | Pane || Dolce || style="text-align:right;" | 500.00 |- | Burro || Gelato || style="text-align:right;" | 1.00 |}	Arancia Mela 12,333.00 Pane Dolce 500.00 Burro Gelato 1.00

Attributi per riga

You can put attributes on individual rows, too.

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" | Arancia | Mela | style="text-align:right;"| 12,333.00 |- | Pane | Dolce | style="text-align:right;"| 500.00 |- style="font-style: italic; color: green;" | Burro | Gelato | style="text-align:right;"| 1.00 |}	Arancia Mela 12,333.00 Pane Dolce 500.00 Burro Gelato 1.00

Simple one-pixel table border

An example of a one-pixel table border:

You type	You get
{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse" | Arancia | Mela |- | Pane | Dolce |}	Arancia Mela Pane Dolce

Border width

If "border-width:" has only one number, it is for all four border sides:

You type	You get
{|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 20px" | Hello |}	Hello

If "border-width:" has more than one number, the four numbers are for top, right, bottom, left (REMEMBER this order):

You type	You get
{|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 10px 20px 100px 0" | Hello |}	Hello

When there are fewer than 4 values, the value for left takes its default from the value for right, the value for bottom takes its default from the value for top, and the value for right takes its default from the value for top.

Another method to define the widths of the four sides of a cell is to use "border-left", "border-right", "border-top" and "border-bottom":

You type	You get
{|style="border-left:solid 10px black;border-right:solid 20px black;border-top:solid 30px black;border-bottom:solid 40px black;" align="center" | Hello |}	Hello

• The HTML attributes (such as "width=", "border=", "cellspacing=", "cellpadding=") do not need any length unit (the pixel unit is assumed). They are also invalid in HTML 5.

The CSS style properties (which override the HTML attributes) require an explicit length unit (if the value is not 0) such as "px" for the pixel.

Con attributi HTML e CSS

È possibile aggiungere attributi CSS alle tabelle, con o senza HTML.

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" style="color:green; background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="10" |Arancia |Mela |- |Pane |Dolce |- |Burro |Gelato |}	Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato

Attributes

Attributes can be added to the caption and headers as follows.

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" |+ style="caption-side:bottom; color:#e76700;"|''Cibo'' |- |Arancia |Mela |- |Pane |Dolce |- |Burro |Gelato |}	Cibo Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato

Column width

Column width can be added as follows.

You type:

{| style="color: black; background-color: #ffffcc; width: 85%;"
| colspan="2" | This column width is 85% of the screen width (and has a background color)
|-
| style="width: 30%; background-color: white;"|
'''This column is 30% counted from 85% of the screen width'''
| style="width: 70%; background-color: orange;"|
'''This column is 70% counted from 85% of the screen width (and has a background color)'''
|}

You get:

This column width is 85% of the screen width (and has a background color)
This column is 30% counted from 85% of the screen width	This column is 70% counted from 85% of the screen width (and has a background color)

Accessibility of table header cells

Table header cells do not explicitly specify which table data cells they apply to (those on their right on the same row, or those below them on the same column). When the table is rendered in a visual 2D environment, this is usually easy to infer.

However when tables are rendered on non-visual media, you can help the browser to determine which table header cell applies to the description of any selected cell (in order to repeat its content in some accessibility helper) using a scope="row" or scope="col" attribute on table header cells. In most cases with simple tables, you'll use scope="col" on all header cells of the first row, and scope="row" on the first cell of the following rows:

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" |- ! scope="col"| Item ! scope="col"| Quantity ! scope="col"| Price |- ! scope="row"| Pane | 0.3 kg | $0.65 |- ! scope="row"| Burro | 0.125 kg | $1.25 |- ! scope="row" colspan="2"| Total | $1.90 |}	Item Quantity Price Pane 0.3 kg $0.65 Burro 0.125 kg $1.25 Total $1.90

Alignment

Table alignment

Table alignment is achieved by using CSS. The table alignment is controlled by margins. A fixed margin on one side will make the table to be aligned to that side, if on the opposite side the margin is defined as auto. To have a table center aligned, you should set both margins to auto

For example, a right-aligned table:

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: 0px;" | Arancia | Mela |- | Pane | Dolce |- | Burro | Gelato |}	Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato

And a center-aligned table:

You type	You get
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;" | Arancia | Mela |- | Pane | Dolce |- | Burro | Gelato |}	Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato

Table floating around text

If you align a table to the right or the left side of the page, the text that comes after the table starts at the end of it, leaving an empty space around the table. You can make the text to be wrapped around the table by making the table to float around the text instead of just aligning it. This can be achieved using the float CSS attribute, which can specify where the table floats to the right side or to the left. When using float, margins doesn't control table alignment and can be used to specify the margin between the table and the surrounding text.

You type

You get

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left: 10px;" | Arancia | Mela |- | Pane | Dolce |- | Burro | Gelato |} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi.

Arancia Mela Pane Dolce Burro Gelato Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi.

Cell contents alignment

The alignment of cell contents can be controlled with 2 different CSS properties: text-align and vertical-align. text-align can be specified at the table, row or individual cells, while vertical-align only can be specified at individual rows or cells.

You type

You get

{| class="wikitable" |- style="vertical-align:top;" | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:left;" | A | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;" | B | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:right;" | C |- style="vertical-align:middle;" | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:left;" | D | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;" | E | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:right;" | F |- style="vertical-align:bottom;" | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:left;" | G | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:center;" | H | style="height:100px; width:100px; text-align:right;" | I |}

A B C D E F G H I

Preservamento

Numeri negativi

I numeri negativi possono interrompere la tabella. Se vuoi iniziare la cella con un numero negativo (|-6), devi lasciare uno spazio (| -6) o usare la doppia linea (||-6) per una corretta visualizzazione.

CSS vs attributes

Table borders specified through CSS rather than the border attribute will render incorrectly in a small subset of text browsers.

Common attributes for columns, column groups and row groups

The MediaWiki syntax for tables currently offers no support for specifying common attributes for columns (with the HTML element <col />), column groups (HTML element <colgroup></colgroup>) and row groups (HTML elements <thead></thead>, <tbody></tbody> and <tfoot></tfoot>). Those standard HTML elements are not accepted even in their HTML or XHTML syntax.

All the rows and cells (header or data) of the table are rendered within a single implicit row group (HTML element <tbody></tbody>) without any attributes or styles.

See also

• Sorting rows of a table
• meta:Help:Sorting
• wikipedia:Help:Tables
• Easy tool that helps generating tables