Help:Sắp xếp

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To make a sortable table, add the sortable class to a table. This class adds arrows displayed beside the header within each header cell. When you click on an arrow, the table rows are arranged according to the chosen column. Continuously clicking the arrow alters the sorting order in the following pattern: Ascending, Descending, and then Unsorted. You can perform secondary sorts by shift-clicking the arrows in different columns.

Each shift click will set the secondary sort based on the clicked column, and this capability extends to tertiary and further sorts.

Sort modes

Items are sorted based on the data type of the first few rows below the header. To determine the data type, the first five non-empty rows below the header are examined upon page loading, and the most suitable format is selected. Discrepancies can occur. Additionally, specific columns can have their sorting order forced, as explained in the relevant section below.

Currently, tags like span or sup don't affect how data types are determined, but reference numbers and visible comments do.

Dates

Different date formats are accepted, even those with month names in local languages. For instance, on the German Wikipedia, "16. März 2010" is appropriately sorted as 2010-03-16.

Different numerical formats, including ones with various separators like periods, commas, apostrophes, or slashes (such as . , ' /), are supported. The English Wikipedia typically uses the US date format, (e.g. month-day-year).

Numbers

The script can detect numbers that use either "." or "," as decimal separators, as well as numbers written in scientific notation (using "e" or "E"). By default, numbers will be sorted based on alphanumeric order by default, meaning that they will be sorted as strings rather than numerical values. This may result in unexpected sortings, such as "9" coming after "10". However, this default behavior can be overridden if desired.

Text

Khi các danh sách được sắp xếp theo thứ tự bảng chữ cái bởi MediaWiki, thứ tự các ký tự được sắp xếp với $1. Điều này sắp xếp các ký tự có dấu một cách chính xác dựa trên PageContentLanguage.

Chế độ xem web của Android không hỗ trợ điều này, vì vậy cần phải dự phòng lại quy trình sắp xếp cũ. Thứ tự này giống như thứ tự của các điểm mã Unicode. Một số ký tự phổ biến hơn được sắp xếp như sau (theo thứ tự tăng dần):

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□	▪	▫	▬	▲	►	▼	◄	◊	○	●	◘	◙	◦	☺	☻	☼	♀	♂	♠	♣	♥	♦	♪	♫			ﬁ	ﬂ	�

ISO basic Latin alphabet

Greek alphabet

Russian Cyrillic alphabet

Forcing the sort mode of a column

Adding data-sort-type="..." to the header lets you control how a table is sorted. This feature is derived from tablesorter.com (webarchive). Valid values for "data-sort-type" include the following which are not case-sensitive:

currency
number
isoDate
time
IPAddress
usLongDate
date
text
url

For example:

Wikitext

{|class="wikitable sortable"
!data-sort-type="date"| Date !! Name !! Height !!data-sort-type="number"| Salary
|-
| 01.10.1977 || Smith || 1.85 || 1,000.000
|-
| 11.6.1972 || Ray || 1.89 || 900.000
|-
| 1.9.1992 || Bianchi || 1.72 || 2,000.50
|}

Rendering

Date	Name	Height	Salary
01.10.1977	Smith	1.85	1,000.000
11.6.1972	Ray	1.89	900.000
1.9.1992	Bianchi	1.72	2,000.50

Specifying a sort key

You can adjust how cells are sorted or parsed if needed. For instance, if a cell says "John Smith" but should be sorted under "Smith", you can use the data-sort-value="..." attribute to achieve this.

Wikitext

{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Name and Surname !! Height
|-
|data-sort-value="Smith, John"| John Smith || 1.85
|-
|data-sort-value="Ray, Ian"| Ian Ray || 1.89
|-
|data-sort-value="Bianchi, Zachary"| Zachary Bianchi || 1.72
|}

Rendering

Name and Surname	Height
John Smith	1.85
Ian Ray	1.89
Zachary Bianchi	1.72

Controlling sorting and display

To ensure certain text isn't sorted but still displayed, use data-sort-type="...". You can then append additional text after values, like "200 approx" or "100<sup style="color:blue" title="link to Reference">[1]". An empty cell sorts as "-Infinity". If a cell contains a range of dates or numbers (for example, from 2 to 5), use data-sort-value="...".

Examples

The first column sorts plain numbers. The second column sorts more content as numbers using data-sort-type="number" in the table header. The fourth column defines numeric sort values independently of cell content using data-sort-value="...".

numbers	`data-sort-type="number"`		`data-sort-type="number"`
-8e3	-8 e3		-8 e3
-3e-3	-3 e-3		-3 e-3
2.000	2-5 km²	`data-sort-value="3.5"`	2-5 km²
3.99	3.99 km²		3.99 km²
4	4 km²		4 km²
90 %	90 Percent	`data-sort-value="90"`	about 90 Percent
1E2	100^[1]		100^[1]
1,000,000.0	1 000 000.0	`data-sort-value="1e6"`	one Million

The way commas (,) and decimal points (.) are displayed in Mediawiki depends on the language settings. Currency symbols and the percentage (%) symbol are sorted numerically based on these settings.

currencies
$ 9
$ 80
$ 70
$ 600

currencies
9 €
80 €
70 €
600 €

currencies
£ 9
£ 80
£ 70
£ 600

currencies
¥ 9
¥ 80
¥ 70
¥ 600

percent
9 %
80 %
70 %
600 %

numbers
−7e270
-1.4285714285714E-13
999e9
7e270

Secondary sort key

You can sort data by columns, with Column A as the primary sort key. If Column A has equal values, use Column B as the secondary key. Click Column A's sort button once or twice, then while holding shift, click Column B's sort button once or twice for further refinement.

For example:

Click on the "Text" column first, then hold down the shift key and click on the "Numbers" column. You'll notice that the items are sorted based on text first and then numbers.

Numbers	Text	Dates	Currency	More text
4	a	01.Jan.2005	4.20	row 1
5	a	05/12/2006	7.15	row 2
1	b	02-02-2004	5.00	row 3
1	a	02-02-2004	5.00	row 4
2	x	13-apr-2005		row 5
2	a	13-apr-2005		row 6
3	a	17.aug.2006	6.50	row 7
3	z	25.aug.2006	2.30	row 8
3	z	28.aug.2006	5.50	row 9
3	z	31.aug.2006	3.77	row 10
3	z	01.sep.2006	1.50	row 11
Bottom

Additional features

Excluding the last row from sorting

You can skip sorting the last row of a table by marking it with class="sortbottom". You can also exclude it from sorting by declaring it as a footer with an exclamation mark (!).

Wikitext

{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Name !! Surname !! Height
|-
| John || Smith || 1.85
|-
| Ron || Ray || 1.89
|-
| Mario || Bianchi || 1.72
|- class="sortbottom"
! !! Average: || 1.82
|}

Rendering

Name	Surname	Height
John	Smith	1.85
Ron	Ray	1.89
Mario	Bianchi	1.72
	Average:	1.82

Excluding the first row from sorting

You can exclude the first row by using the class="sorttop".

Wikitext

{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Name !! Surname !! Height
|- class="sorttop"
! !! Average: || 1.82
|-
| John || Smith || 1.85
|-
| Ron || Ray || 1.89
|-
| Mario || Bianchi || 1.72
|}

Rendering

Name	Surname	Height
	Average:	1.82
John	Smith	1.85
Ron	Ray	1.89
Mario	Bianchi	1.72

Making a column unsortable

To stop a column from being sortable, use class="unsortable" in its header cell's attributes.

Wikitext

{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Numbers !! Alphabet !! Dates !! Currency !!class="unsortable"| Unsortable
|-
| 1 || Z || 02-02-2004 || 5.00 || This
|-
| 2 || y || 13-apr-2005 || || Column
|-
| 3 || X || 17.aug.2006 || 6.50 || Is
|-
| 4 || w || 01.Jan.2005 || 4.20 || Unsortable
|-
| 5 || V || 05/12/2006 || 7.15 || See?
|-
! Total: 15 !! !! !! Total: 29.55 !!
|-
|}

Rendering

Numbers	Alphabet	Dates	Currency	Unsortable
1	Z	02-02-2004	5.00	This
2	y	13-apr-2005		Column
3	X	17.aug.2006	6.50	Is
4	w	01.Jan.2005	4.20	Unsortable
5	V	05/12/2006	7.15	See?
Total: 15			Total: 29.55	Original example

Keeping some rows together

To allow an uncolumned row to always stay beneath the columned row above it, no matter how you sort them, use class="expand-child" in the row's attribute.

Wikitext

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!style="width:9em"| Country !!data-sort-type="number"| Area
|-
| France
| 674 843 km²
|- class="expand-child" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; color:gray"
|colspan="2"| In Paris is the Eiffel Tower.
|-
| U.K.
| 242 495 km²
|- class="expand-child" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; color:gray"
|colspan="2"| In the U.K. you cannot pay with euros.
|- class="expand-child" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; color:gray"
|colspan="2"| And you drive on the left side of the road.
|-
| Germany
| 357 168 km²
|- class="expand-child" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; color:gray"
|colspan="2"| Germany includes the former DDR.
|}

Rendering

Country	Area
France	674 843 km²
In Paris is the Eiffel Tower.
U.K.	242 495 km²
In the U.K. you cannot pay with euros.
And you drive on the left side of the road.
Germany	357 168 km²
Germany includes the former DDR.

If you put in data-sort-value the same content as above row, keep this rows also together. The original mutual order of these rows is preserved. A better way for this is class expand-child, see above #Keeping some rows together.

Example where data-sort-value is used is the case for the rows about the Netherlands:

{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Country/province !! Capital
|-
| France || Paris
|-
| Netherlands || Amsterdam
|-
|data-sort-value="Netherlands"| South Holland ||data-sort-value="Amsterdam"| The Hague
|-
| U.K. || London
|}

Country/province	Capital
France	Paris
Netherlands	Amsterdam
South Holland	The Hague
U.K.	London

Special dates

To represent years Before Christ (BC) subtract the BC year from 10,000. For instance, -62 BC would be 10,000 - 62 = 9938.

For example, September 23, 62 BC would be represented as 9938-09-23.

If a table column has incomplete dates, sorting won't be an issue. If only a year and month are provided, it's sorted before the first day of that month. Similarly, if only a year is given, it's sorted before the first month or day of that year.

Wikitext

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Date
|-
| 2022-01-01
|-
| 2023-12-31
|-
| 2024
|-
| 2024-04
|-
| 2024-04-00
|-
| 2024-05
|-
| 2024-05-00
|}

Rendering

Date
2022-01-01
2023-12-31
2024
2024-04
2024-04-00
2024-05
2024-05-00

Using #time

You can use the parser function #time and HTML tags to display a specific date range. By adding the HTML tag <span style="display:none">&{{#expr:3e11+{{#time:U|..}}}}</span> before the displayed date, you can manipulate the way the date is shown. This method works for dates between January 1, 111 CE, and December 31, 9999 CE, using the proleptic Gregorian calendar. The added value ensures all values are positive and uniform in length. Placing "&" before the expression forces string sorting mode.

You can input dates and times using any PHP format for date and time. Remember, if you're specifying just a year, you must include a month (usually January) in the background.

For example using date :

input date	text	date and time as interpreted, with hidden sort key	input with visible sort key	input with hidden sort key	Unix time
010203		&301718845323 20 tháng 6 2024 01:02:03	&301718845323 010203	&301718845323 010203	1718845323
1/2		&301704153600 02 tháng 1 2024 00:00:00	&301704153600 1/2	&301704153600 1/2	1704153600
1/2/3		&301041465600 02 tháng 1 2003 00:00:00	&301041465600 1/2/3	&301041465600 1/2/3	1041465600
1-2-2003		&301044057600 01 tháng 2 2003 00:00:00	&301044057600 1-2-2003	&301044057600 1-2-2003	1044057600
1-2-3		&300981158400 03 tháng 2 2001 00:00:00	&300981158400 1-2-3	&300981158400 1-2-3	981158400
2007		&301167609600 01 tháng 1 2007 00:00:00	&301167609600 2007	&301167609600 2007	1167609600
1 Jan 111, 00:00:00		&241335609600 01 tháng 1 0111 00:00:00	&241335609600 1 Jan 111, 00:00:00	&241335609600 1 Jan 111, 00:00:00	-58664390400
31 Dec 9999, 23:59:59		&553402300799 31 tháng 12 9999 23:59:59	&553402300799 31 Dec 9999, 23:59:59	&553402300799 31 Dec 9999, 23:59:59	253402300799
Sep 1970		&300020995200 01 tháng 9 1970 00:00:00	&300020995200 Sep 1970	&300020995200 Sep 1970	20995200
1970		&300000000000 01 tháng 1 1970 00:00:00	&300000000000 1970	&300000000000 1970	0
Jun 2007	or later	&301180656000 01 tháng 6 2007 00:00:00 or later	&301180656000 Jun 2007 or later	&301180656000 Jun 2007 or later	1180656000 or later
Jun 2007	perhaps earlier	&301180656000 01 tháng 6 2007 00:00:00 perhaps earlier	&301180656000 Jun 2007 perhaps earlier	&301180656000 Jun 2007 perhaps earlier	1180656000 perhaps earlier
2007-6		&301180656000 01 tháng 6 2007 00:00:00	&301180656000 2007-6	&301180656000 2007-6	1180656000
Jun 2007		&301180656000 01 tháng 6 2007 00:00:00	&301180656000 Jun 2007	&301180656000 Jun 2007	1180656000
4 Jun 2007		&301180915200 04 tháng 6 2007 00:00:00	&301180915200 4 Jun 2007	&301180915200 4 Jun 2007	1180915200
3 Jul 2007		&301183420800 03 tháng 7 2007 00:00:00	&301183420800 3 Jul 2007	&301183420800 3 Jul 2007	1183420800
12 Aug 2006		&301155340800 12 tháng 8 2006 00:00:00	&301155340800 12 Aug 2006	&301155340800 12 Aug 2006	1155340800
1 Mar 2006 -1day		&301141084800 28 tháng 2 2006 00:00:00	&301141084800 1 Mar 2006 -1day	&301141084800 1 Mar 2006 -1day	1141084800
1 Mar 2008 -1day		&301204243200 29 tháng 2 2008 00:00:00	&301204243200 1 Mar 2008 -1day	&301204243200 1 Mar 2008 -1day	1204243200
1 Mar 2010 -1day		&301267315200 28 tháng 2 2010 00:00:00	&301267315200 1 Mar 2010 -1day	&301267315200 1 Mar 2010 -1day	1267315200
1 Mar 1900 -1day		&297796022400 28 tháng 2 1900 00:00:00	&297796022400 1 Mar 1900 -1day	&297796022400 1 Mar 1900 -1day	-2203977600
1 Mar 1600 -1day		&288329001600 29 tháng 2 1600 00:00:00	&288329001600 1 Mar 1600 -1day	&288329001600 1 Mar 1600 -1day	-11670998400
Jun 1607		&288557875200 01 tháng 6 1607 00:00:00	&288557875200 Jun 1607	&288557875200 Jun 1607	-11442124800
20240620173143		&301718904703 20 tháng 6 2024 17:31:43	&301718904703 20240620173143	&301718904703 20240620173143	1718904703
yesterday		&301718755200 19 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301718755200 yesterday	&301718755200 yesterday	1718755200
today		&301718841600 20 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301718841600 today	&301718841600 today	1718841600
tomorrow		&301718928000 21 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301718928000 tomorrow	&301718928000 tomorrow	1718928000
1week		&301719509503 27 tháng 6 2024 17:31:43	&301719509503 1week	&301719509503 1week	1719509503
-1week		&301718299903 13 tháng 6 2024 17:31:43	&301718299903 -1week	&301718299903 -1week	1718299903
1day		&301718991103 21 tháng 6 2024 17:31:43	&301718991103 1day	&301718991103 1day	1718991103
-1day		&301718818303 19 tháng 6 2024 17:31:43	&301718818303 -1day	&301718818303 -1day	1718818303
1month		&301721496703 20 tháng 7 2024 17:31:43	&301721496703 1month	&301721496703 1month	1721496703
-1month		&301716226303 20 tháng 5 2024 17:31:43	&301716226303 -1month	&301716226303 -1month	1716226303
1year		&301750440703 20 tháng 6 2025 17:31:43	&301750440703 1year	&301750440703 1year	1750440703
-1year		&301687282303 20 tháng 6 2023 17:31:43	&301687282303 -1year	&301687282303 -1year	1687282303
1000year		&333275813503 20 tháng 6 3024 17:31:43	&333275813503 1000year	&333275813503 1000year	33275813503
10000month		&328016386303 20 tháng 10 2857 17:31:43	&328016386303 10000month	&328016386303 10000month	28016386303
1000000day		&388118904703 18 tháng 5 4762 17:31:43	&388118904703 1000000day	&388118904703 1000000day	88118904703
10000000hour		&337718904703 07 tháng 4 3165 09:31:43	&337718904703 10000000hour	&337718904703 10000000hour	37718904703
1000000000minute		&361718904703 18 tháng 10 3925 04:11:43	&361718904703 1000000000minute	&361718904703 1000000000minute	61718904703
100000000000second		&401718904703 06 tháng 5 5193 03:18:23	&401718904703 100000000000second	&401718904703 100000000000second	101718904703
7980year		Error: #time only supports years up to 9999.	&Expression error: Unexpected < operator. 7980year	7980year	Error: #time only supports years up to 9999.
-1890year		&242076207103 20 tháng 6 0134 17:31:43	&242076207103 -1890year	&242076207103 -1890year	-57923792897
Mon		&301719187200 24 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301719187200 Mon	&301719187200 Mon	1719187200
Tue		&301719273600 25 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301719273600 Tue	&301719273600 Tue	1719273600
Wed		&301719360000 26 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301719360000 Wed	&301719360000 Wed	1719360000
Thu		&301718841600 20 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301718841600 Thu	&301718841600 Thu	1718841600
Fri		&301718928000 21 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301718928000 Fri	&301718928000 Fri	1718928000
Sat		&301719014400 22 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301719014400 Sat	&301719014400 Sat	1719014400
Sun		&301719100800 23 tháng 6 2024 00:00:00	&301719100800 Sun	&301719100800 Sun	1719100800
		Error: Invalid time.	&Expression error: Unexpected < operator.		Error: Invalid time.
unknown		Error: Invalid time.	&Expression error: Unexpected < operator. unknown	unknown	Error: Invalid time.

To use dates before 111 AD, add a multiple of 400 (like 6000) to all years. This shifts the range to start from January 1st, -5889, aat 00:00:00, and ends on December 31st, 3999, at 23:59:59, without altering the calendar system.

Cell spanning multiple rows/cells

A cell that extends across multiple rows or columns is considered equivalent to having multiple cells with identical values.

rowspan
Date	Name	Height
01.10.1977	Smith	1.85
11.06.1972	Adams	1.85
01.09.1992	Bianchi	1.72

colspan
A	B		C
A	2	1
B	1		3
C	2

Any missing cells at the end of a row will turn into empty cells after the first sort.

Colspanned cells

Sort modes are detected separately for each column containing colspanned cells. You can set a sort mode for all colspanned columns by including data-sort-type in the header.

To implement separate sort keys for each column within a colspanned cell, utilize a CSS trick described here: Ensure an equal number of cells in each row for sortable columns. If there's a mismatch, all columns become sortable. This rule should apply up to and including the last sortable column. However, employing a CSS workaround allows for a difference between the displayed number of cells in a row and the formal count. For instance, two formal cells can appear as one by adjusting the width of the first column, shifting the content of the second cell to the left, increasing its width by the same measure, and concealing the cell border that would typically be visible. Concealed sort keys enable managing the sorting order of specific rows in relation to each column.

For example:

Country	Capital
France	Paris
Z	M Sorting with respect to the first column this row sorts like Z, with respect to the second column like M
U.K.	London

Static column

To make a static column, like one with row numbers, use two tables placed next to each other. Make sure each row in both tables has the same height. You can also use w:Template:Static row numbers to generate row numbers implicitly using CSS rather than creating another table.

Number
1
2

Country	Capital
The Netherlands	Amsterdam (although The Hague is the seat of government)
France	Paris

The formatting can be modified to present everything in a unified table. If a row is too short for the text in a cell, the browser will expand it, disrupting the alignment.

Default order

You can't show a table sorted by a column without the user clicking on it. By default, table rows appear in the order as the wikitext. To display a table sorted by a specific column, you'll need to arrange the wikitext accordingly. One way of doing this is:

Rearrange the table's wikitext without the top and bottom lines.
Replace the cell separators with a unique code that doesn't contain a "|" by using "find and replace".
Replace any pipes within table cells with a code, and then substitute that code with a newline character preceded by it (indicating the start of a new row).
Use the Sort module on Special:ExpandTemplates. To sort the items between the pipes and produce the desired separator, expand templates and add {{#invoke:Sort|f||- | (with the newline) before and }} after the wikitext.
Delete the items that begin with "-" and a newline.
Change the temporary codes for the cell separators and pipes inside the cells to restore them.

This sorting method relies on the wikitext in each row, primarily sorting by the content of the first column. The second column serves as a secondary key. However, wikitext codes in the first column cells before the content can impact the order.

You can also use Snippets/Sort table on reload to automatically sort the table when it loads using JavaScript.

Persistent sort states using cookies

You can save the state of sortable tables across reloads using Snippets/Persistent sort order .

Sort modes

Dates

Numbers

Text

Forcing the sort mode of a column

Specifying a sort key

Controlling sorting and display

Examples

Secondary sort key

Additional features

Excluding the last row from sorting

Excluding the first row from sorting

Making a column unsortable

Keeping some rows together

Special dates

Using #time

Cell spanning multiple rows/cells

Colspanned cells

Static column

Default order

Persistent sort states using cookies

See also