EDIT: finding more as i work on the wiki:
vendor/wikimedia/wait-condition-loop/src/WaitConditionLoop.php on line 169 (on the main page)
vendor\wikimedia/request-timeout/src/Detail/BasicRequestTimeout.php on line 35
includes/parser/ParserOutput.php on line 1786 (on multiple special pages)
includes/profiler/SectionProfiler.php on line 297
(not sure if there's more - i've seen more, but i've also been installing different MediaWiki versions, and switching PHP versions on my local installation, ir order to upgrade the database of an old wiki to 1.39.6 - maybe i'd have to go through more of the wiki's pages, but these two are quite common on a fresh 1.39.6 MW install with PHP 8.2)
as for extensions i have just a few: JSBreadCrumbs, LinkTitles, WikiEditor and YouTube