When you removed the row from the page table, the information from the page_latest field (which is part of that row) will be gone as well.
What you in fact need is the revision number (that is what the page_latest field of the page points you to). With that number you will be able to find the correct text (which btw. is still in your DB).
Another option would be this: If you know a few exact(!) words of wikitext, that were on the page (including styles; sign for sign as you had them in the wikitext), then you can also use MySQL to search the column "old_text" of the text table for this text. In case you see multiple hits after that search and when you read the text in old_text they come from the correct page (and not from another one, which had the search string in it as well), then the one with the highest number in old_id most likely is the newest revision you had.