包容性语言

我们想鼓励包容性的文化，确保在能用适当言辞的场合下使用适当言辞是其中的一部分。

尽管有些人可能可能会争论，认为这些词冒犯不到他们，或者这些词从来没有冒犯的意图，他们需要意识到这些词对其他群体可能有潜在的冒犯，而我们应该努力消除这些用法。

这种努力也能帮助我们实现对行为准则 的坚守：

为了培养一个开放和热情的社群，我们致力于让参与维基媒体技术项目成为每个人都能得到尊重且没有骚扰的体验，[……]

需要避免的词汇以及它们的替代

以下列表并不完整。 关于其他建议，见下文#资源章节。 为了更好的语法或技术准确性，我们要在不同的语境中使用不同的替代词汇。

需要避免的词汇	建议的替代词汇	语境
Words that assume someone's gender, including "sir"/"madam"	Gender-neutral terms or the person's name; or check their userpage, Phab profile, etc., to see if they've shared how they identify	Avoid misgendering
guys	people, folks	Avoid unnecessarily gendered language
newbie, noob, n00b	newcomer	Avoid negative labels
blacklist	denylist, deny, exclude, prohibit, forbid, mute, (But not "block" or "ban" because of existing MediaWiki meanings)	Avoid language that perpetuates discrimination
whitelist	allowlist, allow, include, permit	Avoid language that perpetuates discrimination
master	primary, source, main, development branch	Avoid language that perpetuates discrimination
slave	replica, secondary	Avoid language that perpetuates discrimination
sanity check	is valid, is correct, integrity check, final check, quick check, completeness check, confidence check, coherence check, double check	Avoid ableist language
sane	reasonable, typical, common	Avoid ableist language
crazy, insane	wild, confusing, confounding	Avoid ableist language
blindly, dumb	mindlessly, without validating	Avoid ableist language
crippled	slowed, broken	Avoid ableist language
kill switch, kill it with fire	off switch, emergency switch, feature flag, remove	Avoid unnecessarily violent language
grandfathered	legacy, exempt	Avoid language that perpetuates discrimination
handicap	hurt, negatively affect	Avoid ableist language
(In some contexts) disable/disabled	Guides vary, with some stating that it is acceptable to use it (perhaps just in technical documentation), and others recommending replacement with 'deactivate, inactive, unavailable, turn off, deselect'.[1][2][3]	Avoid ableist language
abort	cancel, force quit, end, halt, stop, hard stop	Politically charged term outside of computing. Avoid unnecessarily violent language.
blackhat, whitehat	unethical hacker, attacker, ethical hacker	Avoid language that perpetuates discrimination
tribe	team, squad, group	Can be associated with colonialism / cultural approriation. Avoid language that perpetuates discrimination.

注意到，有些情况下我们没法改变或移除我们对这些词的使用，比如直到上游开发者解决它们并顺流而下进入我们部署的软件。 这不在我们控制范围内，所以是可以的。 如果他们打算解决自己的代码库中类似的问题，上游就值得检查一下。 不过，我们可以的话还是应该在自己的代码库里处理一下这些词。

如何帮助

于Phabricator查看
任务T254646

If you're looking to help with this effort, T254646 is a good starting point for some discussion around the issue, and also to find specific tasks for areas of code that needs updating.

Some of these may be as simple as updating/improving comments and variable names.

Others may be more complex and need functions and hooks renaming, while following our stable interface policy .

Some usages may need to stay around for longer, but will generally stop being the canonical code, showing the intention for this to be removed in the near future.

Resources

• Other organisations' related guidelines and documentation (via cdanis and ietf which list many more)
  • American Chemical Society Inclusivity Style Guide
  • Android Open Source Project's "Coding with Respect"
  • Apple's Style Guide - (section on inclusive language, entry on master/slave, entry on blacklist/whitelist)
  • Bluetooth SIG's "Appropriate Language Mapping Tables"
  • Chromium's "Inclusive Code" document
  • Google's "Writing Inclusive Documentation"
  • Google's "Developer documentation style guide word list"
  • Internet Engineering Task Force:
    • Terminology, Power, and Inclusive Language in Internet-Drafts and RFCs (draft v.4)
    • Inclusive terminology in IETF Documents (work in progress)
  • Microsoft's "Bias-free communication" document
  • Outreachy's community guide has recommendations about referring to newcomers and task complexity
  • W3C Manual of Style
  • Intuit's Word list
• Inclusive Naming Initiative
• WriteTheDocs' Reducing bias in your writing
• Woke, a non-inclusive language detection tool
• Digital Journalism Style Guide of Inclusive Language - Language Please

Further reading

• "UK NCSC to stop using 'whitelist' and 'blacklist' due to racial stereotyping", ZDNet (2020)
• "‘Master/Slave’ Terminology Was Removed from Python Programming Language", Vice (2018)
• "“Blacklists” and “whitelists”: a salutary warning concerning the prevalence of racist language in discussions of predatory publishing", Journal of the Medical Library Association (2018)
• "Racism in the English Language", Robert B. Moore (1976)
• "Is the English Language Anybody's Enemy?", ETC: A Review of General Semantics (1975)
• "The Racist Use of the English Language", Journal of Black Studies and Research (1973)
• "That Word Black", Langston Hughes (1958)
• "Use This Rubric for More Inclusive Language, and Other Actions for Allies", Better Allies® blog (2020)