擴充功能:數學

MediaWiki 擴充功能手冊

Math 發佈狀態： 穩定
Implementation	Tag
描述	Allows to render mathematical formulas
作者	Moritz Schubotz, Tomasz Wegrzanowski, Brion Vibber and others
最新版本	continuous updates
MediaWiki	1.25+
Database changes	有
Tables	math mathoid mathlatexml
許可	GNU General Public License 2.0 or later
下載	Download extension Git [?]: Download Git master browse repository (GitHub) commit history repository contributors (GitHub) code review
Parameters $wgMathEnableWikibaseDataType $wgMathDefaultLaTeXMLSetting $wgMathWikibasePropertyIdHasPart $wgMathoidCli $wgMathLaTeXMLTimeout $wgMathWikibasePropertyIdQuantitySymbol $wgMathDisableTexFilter $wgMathMathMLTimeout $wgMathLaTeXMLUrl $wgMathEnableExperimentalInputFormats $wgMathValidModes $wgMathWikibasePropertyIdDefiningFormula $wgMathFullRestbaseURL $wgMathMathMLUrl $wgMathConcurrentReqs $wgMathEnableFormulaLinks
標簽 <math>
Hooks used GetPreferences LoadExtensionSchemaUpdates PageRenderingHash ParserAfterTidy ParserFirstCallInit ParserTestTables SpecialPage_initList WikibaseClientDataTypes WikibaseRepoDataTypes
Hooks provided MathRenderingResultRetrieved MathFormulaPostRender
若果有喺translatewiki.net提供嘅話翻譯Math呢個擴充功能
Check usage and version matrix.
問題	Open tasks · 報告臭蟲

The Math extension provides support for rendering mathematical formulae. An overview of what can currently be done with this extension is found at the English Wikipedia's documentation.

More information about installing and configuring this extension, including for older versions, can be found at Extension:Math/advancedSettings .

睇數學

The Math extension tries to deliver MathML output, with fallback to images in SVG (converting characters to <path>s) or PNG (least preferentially). Depending on the capabilities of the device you are using, the sort of output is chosen. Basic math support works for all browsers. However, for optimal rendering specific tuning may be needed:

• For Firefox or other Gecko browsers, it is required to install the Native MathML extension and math fonts. Accessibility support is provided by NVDA, VoiceOver or Orca. Additionally, NVDA requires the MathPlayer plugin to read mathematics.
• For Safari or other WebKit browsers, you may also install math fonts and enable native MathML rendering by inserting some CSS rules into the custom style sheet of your browser preference.

Accessibility support is provided by the VoiceOver screen reader but not by Orca yet.

• For Chrome you must insert some CSS rules into the custom style sheet of your browser preference in order to get accessibility support via ChromeVox or visual rendering via the MathJax plugin.
• In some versions of Internet Explorer, it is possible to use MathPlayer as an assistive technology.

安裝

• If using Vagrant , install with vagrant roles enable math --provision

Manual installation

• Download and place the file(s) in a directory called Math in your extensions/ folder.

• Add the following code at the bottom of your LocalSettings.php:

  wfLoadExtension( 'Math' );
  // See below for installation requirements and configuration settings:
  

• Run the update script which will automatically create the necessary database tables that this extension needs.
• To see math beyond a plain text output, follow instructions below for enabling various math output modes.
•  Done – Navigate to Special:Version on your wiki to verify that the extension is successfully installed.

You should additionally go to the page Special:MathStatus to see whether all of the components of the Math extension now work. For any problems you see, the best option is to create a task on https://phabricator.wikimedia.org

Unfortunately, there is no well tested guide on installing Mathoid and RESTBase to work with the Math extension, but there is at least a working draft. Extension:Math/Restbase please contribute.

In addition, there is a Guide for Installing and Setting up Mediawiki with Restbase and Mathoid in MW1.28.

Math output modes

The setting $wgMathValidModes holds an array with the names of output modes that can be used for rendering. If multiple modes are enabled, logged-in users can set a personal preference in the appearance pane of their user preferences page.

You can also use the $wgDefaultUserOptions setting to set which of these modes should be the default, e.g.:

$wgDefaultUserOptions['math'] = 'mathml';

Mathoid

Mode: 'mathml' (pre-July 2015: MW_MATH_MATHML)

For MW 1.23 and higher, you can use a Mathoid server that uses MathJax to convert texvc input on the server side to MathML+SVG rendering. This is the most recommended option; Mathoid is the rendering mode that will be used on Wikipedia in the future.

Mathoid as a service

To use Mathoid as a service, resulting in performance benefits, the following settings are recommended:

// Set MathML as default rendering option
$wgDefaultUserOptions['math'] = 'mathml';
$wgMathFullRestbaseURL = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_';
$wgMathMathMLUrl = 'https://mathoid-beta.wmflabs.org/';

See Mathoid for instructions on how to run your own Mathoid server. Note that as of March 2017 this is likely to also require a RESTBase server/installation (see task T154394).

Mathoid's CLI interface

To use Mathoid's CLI interface, which is possibly easier to set up and resulting in less permanent memory consumption, while degrading performance, the following settings are recommended:

// Set MathML as default rendering option
$wgDefaultUserOptions['math'] = 'mathml';
// Please create a config.yaml in advance. Templates are in the Mathoid repository.
$wgMathoidCli = ['/path/to/mathoid/cli.js', '-c', '/path/to/mathoid/config.yaml'];
// Raise MediaWiki's memory limit to 1.2G for mathoid.
$wgMaxShellMemory = 1228800;

If you run MediaWiki under system containing SELinux and you get Mathoid cli '/path/to/mathoid/cli.js' is not executable message from the error log, you can run

setsebool -P httpd_execmem 1
setsebool -P httpd_setrlimit 1

to make sure the Apache server allow to change system limits.

LaTeX

Mode: 'png' (pre-July 2015: MW_MATH_PNG)

Since MediaWiki 1.32, this mode will also require a Mathoid server to work. In older versions, it requires installing texvc and texvccheck, which may require the most setup work.

LaTeXML

Mode: 'latexml' (pre-July 2015: MW_MATH_LATEXML)

Uses the LaTeXML utility. The rendering is done via an online service (set with $wgLaTeXMLUrl, which has a default value).

No rendering

Mode: 'source', (pre-July 2015: MW_MATH_SOURCE)

This mode will forward the Latex input without rendering, presenting it in a <span> element, surrounded by $ :formula $.

Make sure to set $wgMathDisableTexFilter to 'always' (see below) if you only want the raw latex formula, else an error will appear due to the failed check for PNG depictions.

MathJax

Warning:

The client-side MathJax rendering mode is removed in MediaWiki 1.26. See Extension:SimpleMathJax for an alternative.

List of significant configuration settings

Setting name	Default value	Description
$wgMathValidModes	array( 'png', 'source', 'mathml' )	Defines the mode allowed on the server.
$wgMathDisableTexFilter	'never'	Option to disable the tex filter. If set to true any LaTeX expression is parsed this can be a potential security risk. If set to false only a subset of the TeX commands is allowed. See the wikipedia page Help:Math for details. Use "always" to disable this feature.
$wgMathFullRestbaseURL	false	The math extension gets the default config from the Visual Editor, if available. Details.

Tracking categories

The extension creates a number of tracking categories to detect errors and deprecated features. The exact name of the categories is determined by pages in the MediaWiki namespace.

MediaWiki page	Default	Description
MediaWiki:Math-tracking-category-error	Category:Pages with math errors	Pages where there is a syntax error in the formula causing the rendering to fail
MediaWiki:Math-tracking-category-render-error	Category:Pages with math render errors	Pages where there has been a temporary error in the rendering pipeline causing the rendering to fail. These normally fix themselves
MediaWiki:Math-tracking-category-texvc-deprecation	Category:Pages that use a deprecated format of the math tags	Pages which use deprecated texvc syntax like $ % \and \or \part \ang \C \H \bold \Bbb\ \pagecolor, which should be replaced by more standard LaTeX \$ \% \land \lor \partial \angle \Complex \mathbb{H} \mathbf \mathbb (removed) respectively. See Extension:Math/Roadmap .
MediaWiki:Math-tracking-category-mhchem-deprecation	Category:Pages that use a deprecated format of the chem tags	Deprecated chemical markup, see Extension:Math/Roadmap#Step 1 Part C: Manual fixing of mhchem syntax.

貼士

• You can use the Firefox MathML copy addon to copy formulae to other applications such as Microsoft Word (video), or Google docs with the g(Math) plugin (video)
• You can override the user preferred and default rendermode by adding the forcemathmode attribute to the <math> element. eg.. to force an image being rendered <math forcemathmode="png">...</math>.

Error reporting

If something is wrong with the math extension you can report that at Phabricator. In addition you should check how your problem relates to the automated unit tests that are generated from the page CoverageTest.

Further reading

See Extension:Math/advancedSettings for old versions and further information.

睇埋

• Extension:Math/Roadmap
• Mathoid
• Extension:SimpleMathJax - an alternative way to provide support for rendering mathematical formulas on-wiki, without texvc or LaTeX
• texvc - description of texvc
• Texvc PHP Alternative
• LaTeX on a shared host
• Another alternative is to use: LaTeX with google chart
• Manual:Enable TeX/problems
• Manual:Math