API:Options

From mediawiki.org
This page is a translated version of the page API:Options and the translation is 100% complete.
Languages:
Version de MediaWiki :
≥ 1.20

Requête POST pour modifier les préférences de l'utilisateur actuel.

Documentation de l'API

action=options

(main | options)
  • This module requires read rights.
  • This module requires write rights.
  • This module only accepts POST requests.
  • Source: MediaWiki
  • License: GPL-2.0-or-later

Change preferences of the current user.

Only options which are registered in core or in one of installed extensions, or options with keys prefixed with userjs- (intended to be used by user scripts), can be set.

Specific parameters:
Other general parameters are available.
reset

Resets preferences to the site defaults.

Type: boolean (details)
resetkinds

List of types of options to reset when the reset option is set.

Values (separate with | or alternative): all, registered, registered-checkmatrix, registered-multiselect, special, unused, userjs
Default: all
change

List of changes, formatted name=value (e.g. skin=vector). If no value is given (not even an equals sign), e.g., optionname|otheroption|..., the option will be reset to its default value. If any value passed contains the pipe character (|), use the alternative multiple-value separator for correct operation.

Separate values with | or alternative.
Maximum number of values is 50 (500 for clients that are allowed higher limits).
optionname

The name of the option that should be set to the value given by optionvalue.

optionvalue

The value for the option specified by optionname. When optionname is set but optionvalue is omitted, the option will be reset to its default value.

token

A "csrf" token retrieved from action=query&meta=tokens

This parameter is required.
Examples:
Reset all preferences.
api.php?action=options&reset=&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]
Change skin and hideminor preferences.
api.php?action=options&change=skin=vector|hideminor=1&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]
Reset all preferences, then set skin and nickname.
api.php?action=options&reset=&change=skin=monobook&optionname=nickname&optionvalue=[[User:Beau|Beau]]%20([[User_talk:Beau|talk]])&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]

Exemple

Faire une requête POST est un processus en plusieurs étapes :

  1. Connectez-vous, via l'une des méthodes décrites sur API:Authentification .
  2. Obtenir un Manuel:Jeton d'édition .
    api.php?action=query&format=json&meta=tokens [Essayez !]


  3. Envoyez une requête POST, avec le jeton CSRF, pour réaliser une action sur une page.

L'exemple de code ci-dessous décrit l'étape finale en détails.

Requête POST

Dans cet exemple tous les paramètres sont passés dans une requête GET par raison de simplicité. Néanmoins action=options nécessite de faire des requêtes POST; les requêtes GET provoqueront une erreur.

Modifier trois options

api.php?action=options&token=58b54e0bab4a1d3fd3f7653af38e75cb%2B\&change=hideminor=1|skin=vector&optionname=nickname&optionvalue=custom-signa|ture [Essayez !]
Résultat
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<api options="success" />

Réponse

{
    "options": "success"
}

Exemple de code

Python

#!/usr/bin/python3

"""
    change_user_options.py

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change three options
    for current user

    MIT license
"""

import requests

S = requests.Session()

URL = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"

# Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
PARAMS_0 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "type": "login",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_0)
DATA = R.json()

LOGIN_TOKEN = DATA['query']['tokens']['logintoken']

# Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
# supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
# (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
PARAMS_1 = {
    "action": "login",
    "lgname": "bot_user_name",
    "lgpassword": "bot_password",
    "lgtoken": LOGIN_TOKEN,
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_1)

# Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
PARAMS_2 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_2)
DATA = R.json()

CSRF_TOKEN = DATA['query']['tokens']['csrftoken']

# Step 4: POST request to change user options
# You can check out the large list of options you can change
# at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Options
PARAMS_3 = {
    "action": "options",
    "format": "json",
    "token": CSRF_TOKEN,
    "change": "language=en|skin=vector",
    "optionname": "nickname",
    "optionvalue": "custom-signa|ture"
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_3)
DATA = R.json()

print(DATA)

PHP

<?php

/*
    change_user_options.php

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change three options
    for current user
    MIT license
*/

$endPoint = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

$login_Token = getLoginToken(); // Step 1
loginRequest( $login_Token ); // Step 2
$csrf_Token = getCSRFToken(); // Step 3
change_options( $csrf_Token ); // Step 4

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params1 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"type" => "login",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params1 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"];
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( $logintoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params2 = [
		"action" => "login",
		"lgname" => "bot_user_name",
		"lgpassword" => "bot_password",
		"lgtoken" => $logintoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params2 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCSRFToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params3 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params3 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"];
}

// Step 4: POST request to edit a page
function change_options( $csrftoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params4 = [
		"action" => "options",
		"change" => "language=en|skin=timeless",
		"optionname" => "nickname",
		"optionvalue" => "custom-signa|ture",
		"token" => $csrftoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params4 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	echo ( $output );
}

JavaScript

/*  
    change_user_options.js
 
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change two options
    for current user

    MIT license
*/

var request = require('request').defaults({jar: true}),
    url = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
    var params_0 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        type: "login",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_0 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        loginRequest(data.query.tokens.logintoken);
    });
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. 
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest(login_token) {
    var params_1 = {
        action: "login",
        lgname: "bot_username",
        lgpassword: "bot_password",
        lgtoken: login_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_1 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        getCsrfToken();
    });
}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCsrfToken() {
    var params_2 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_2 }, function(error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        change_options(data.query.tokens.csrftoken);
    });
}

// Step 4: POST request to change the user options
function change_options(csrf_token) {
    var params_3 = {
        action: "options",
        change: "language=en|skin=timeless",
        token: csrf_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_3 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        console.log(body);
    });
}

// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();

MediaWiki JS

/*
	change_user_options.js

	MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change three options
    for current user

	MIT License
*/

var params = {
		action: 'options',
		change: 'language=en|skin=monobook',
		optionname: 'nickname',
		optionvalue: 'custom-signa|ture',
		format: 'json'
	},
	api = new mw.Api();

api.postWithToken( 'csrf', params ).done( function ( data ) {
	console.log( data );
} );

Options disponibles

La liste suivante est un exemple obtenu avec /w/api.php?action=query&format=json&meta=userinfo&uiprop=options pour une Wikipedia anglophone et un compte MediaWiki 1.40.0-wmf.14 (c526317) (décembre 2022). La plupart des options listées ici sont définies par de nombreuses extensions MediaWiki telles que : Echo , VisualEditor , WikiLove , Gadgets or GrowthExperiments , entre autres.
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  • echo-subscriptions-email-wikibase-action: False
  • echo-subscriptions-web-wikibase-action: True
  • echo-subscriptions-push-wikibase-action: True
  • growthexperiments-help-panel-tog-help-panel: False
  • homepage_mobile_discovery_notice_seen: True
  • growthexperiments-homepage-suggestededits-guidance-blue-dot: {"vector":{"link-recommendation":true,"image-recommendation":true},"minerva":{"link-recommendation":true,"image-recommendation":true}}
  • growthexperiments-homepage-se-topic-filters-mode: OR
  • growthexperiments-homepage-enable: False
  • growthexperiments-homepage-pt-link: False
  • growthexperiments-tour-help-panel: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-homepage-mentorship: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-homepage-welcome: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-homepage-discovery: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-newimpact-discovery: False
  • growthexperiments-starred-mentees:
  • growthexperiments-mentor-dashboard-seen: 0
  • growthexperiments-mentor-dashboard-last-update: None
  • growthexperiments-mentee-overview-presets: {"usersToShow":10,"filters":{"minedits":1,"maxedits":500}}
  • growthexperiments-homepage-mentorship-enabled: 1
  • growthexperiments-mentorship-weight: 2


Erreurs possibles

En plus du matériel habituel  :

Code Info
notloggedin Les utilisateurs anonymes ne peuvent pas modifier les préférences
nochanges Aucun changement n’a été demandé.

Historique des paramètres

  • 1.21: Ajouté resetkinds

Notes supplémentaires

  • Cette API sert principalement à modifier les options enregistrées par le noyau MediaWiki et les extensions, et disponibles sur Special:Preferences.
  • Vous pouvez également utiliser l'API pour initialiser les options utilisateur arbitraires pouvant être utilisées par leurs scripts ou par des éditeurs externes. Ces options doivent commencer par le préfixe userjs-.
  • Il n'y a actuellement aucune limite sur le nombre d'options utilisateur que vous pouvez déclarer d'un seul coup. Vous pouvez stocker des données dans une option utilisateur en l'encodant en tant que chaîne JSON.
  • En ne fournissant que le nom des options sans signe égal vous allez les réinitialiser (par exemple hideminor|skin). Dans le cas d'une paire arbitraire clé/valeur userjs-, le résultat de la réinitialisation est la suppression.
  • Le paramêtre change ne peut pas être utilisé pour initialiser une valeur contenant un caractère barre verticale (pipe) |, parce que celui-ci est utilisé par l'API pour séparer les options. Si vous devez utiliser une telle valeur (comme par exemple dans la signature de l'utilisateur) utilisez une paire optionname et optionvalue.
  • Les limites suivantes s'appliquent à toutes les options de l'utilisateur :
    • La longueur de la clé en nombre d'octets doit être <= 255.
    • La longueur de la valeur en nombre d'octets doit être <= 65535.
    • La clé ne doit contenir que des lettres, chiffres, tirets, ou caractères souligné (a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _, -).


Voir aussi

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