User:Dan Shick (WMDE)/Drafts/Help:Extension:Kartographer

The Kartographer extension allows you to create interactive and static maps on Wikimedia wiki pages. This page is an exhaustive reference for using Kartographer, including the many options available when using the tags, which embeds maps directly in wiki pages, and  , which creates links to full-page interactive maps, and touches on the elements of GeoJSON supported by Kartographer. You'll find a wealth of examples at the bottom of the page.

For a less technical quick start, check out Getting started. For help with Kartographer in the VisualEditor, check out Help:VisualEditor/Maps. For help with Kartographer and OpenStreetMaps, check out Help:Extension:Kartographer/OSM.

Basic map syntax
To place a map or a map link directly on a wiki page, Kartographer offers two tags:, which embeds a map inline that links to a full-screen interactive map, and  , which creates rich text (with an optional marker) that links to a full-screen interactive map.

Some wikis wrap these tags in templates, such as Mapbox and Mapframe. Consult your local wiki's Kartographer help page to see if your wiki has templates -- or use the tags directly with this document as your guide.



The tag embeds a map in a wiki page. The tag must be either empty or contain GeoJSON. See below for more resources on writing GeoJSON.

The tag creates a link to a full-screen map.

and.

Strictly speaking, the only attributes that are required (marked in the table with a *) are width and height; without a location specified, Kartographer will produce a zoomed-out world map of the specified size on the page.

When zoom is not specified, Kartographer applies a best-guess automatic zoom level based on the position of any markers or geoshapes in the map.

Usage within each tag: * = required
 * (string)
 * (numeric)

Self-closing tags
When not using GeoJSON, you can use  and   as self-closing, standalone tags.

Self-closing:

Enclosing GeoJSON:

 { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [-122.3988, 37.8013] }, }

GeoJSON
The and  tags can either be empty or contain valid GeoJSON, to annotate the map with markers, draw shapes, and apply a mask area.

For more detail on this broad topic, you can read this [ https://www.developer.here.com/blog/an-introduction-to-geojson helpful introduction to GeoJSON] as well as the [ https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7946 full GeoJSON specification].

Markers
Maps that use GeoJSON may contain one or more markers to point out special locations. These markers are set using marker-specific keywords under the "properties" level in GeoJSON.

Kartographer supports the [ https://github.com/mapbox/simplestyle-spec/tree/master/1.1.0 simplestyle] specification with Maki icons, which are available under the CC0 license. See Help:Extension:Kartographer/Icons for the full list of supported icons.

Result:

Auto-counters
Multiple markers on a map can be grouped and named using patterns and counters. Below is a summary of styling attributes for items placed on a map using GeoJSON. For more information, see the simplestyle spec.

 { "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ {     "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.41816520690917,         37.79097260220947        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40786552429199,         37.799654055191525        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40185737609865,         37.796262984039544        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.38743782043457,         37.80535070427755        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.38005638122557,         37.795449103799726        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-letter", "marker-color": "208020" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40941047668457,         37.81850557172186        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-letter", "marker-color": "208020" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40357398986815,         37.81280993744834        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-letter", "marker-color": "208020" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.39842414855956,         37.8071138637568        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number-bar", "marker-color": "f01080" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.41181373596191,         37.78595317184089        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number-bar", "marker-color": "f01080" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.39542007446289,         37.787674400057654        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number-bar", "marker-color": "f01080" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.38649368286131,         37.78401144262929        ]      }    }  ] }

You can add a suffix to the value of to create multiple counters on the map. For example, using both and  would create separate counters for your lists of museums and of libraries. If more than one counter is specified, the link text will be set to the first counter's value.

For a rich variety of examples, see the Examples section.

External data
 { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q797" }

GeoJSON allows you to obtain outlines of geographical objects from external sources using the "type" attribute with the value "ExternalData".

Maps can draw from well-known geographical objects in the OpenStreetMap database by using their Wikidata ID; they can also come from Wikidata SPARQL queries or from shapes in Wikimedia Commons (.map files).

Additionally, maps can link directly to raw GeoJSON stored on Wikimedia Commons: see Help:Map_Data  for details.

Objects can be rendered using shape data from an external source in three different ways:
 * : Draws a simple line.
 * : Draws a polygon with a shaded interior.
 * : Draws a polygon and shades everything outside the polygon.

Shapes via Wikidata ID
Wikidata IDs are relatively new to the OSM community. As of early 2022 there are roughly [ https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/keys/?key=wikidata 1.9 million elements] with Wikidata IDs. You can add your own at https://www.openstreetmap.org/ -- be sure to add the tag and the corresponding  value. The data typically becomes available to Kartographer within two days. Learn more at the OSM wiki.

 { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q34713,Q701153" }

 { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q34713,Q701153" }

Shapes via Wikidata query
 { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "query": "SELECT ?id ?head (SAMPLE(?img) as ?img_) (min(?partyId) as ?party) (if(?party = '0', '#800000', if(?party = '1', '#000080', '#008000')) as ?fill) (concat(, ?headLabel, ) as ?title) (concat(?stateLabel, '\\n', '') as ?description) WHERE { ?id wdt:P31 wd:Q35657 . ?id wdt:P6 ?head . ?head wdt:P102 ?party . BIND(if(?party = wd:Q29468, '0', if(?party = wd:Q29552, '1', '2')) as ?partyId) SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language 'en' . ?head rdfs:label ?headLabel . ?id rdfs:label ?stateLabel . } OPTIONAL { ?head wdt:P18 ?img . } ?link schema:about ?head . ?link schema:isPartOf  .} GROUP BY ?id ?head ?headLabel ?link ?stateLabel" } Instead of a Wikidata Item ID, a map can also derive geoshapes from a Wikidata query in SPARQL. (You can create SPARQL queries using the Query Builder.)

For detailed instructions, see.

Map data from Commons
 { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "page", "title": "Neighbourhoods/New York City.map" }  { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "page", "title": "Neighbourhoods/New York City.map" }
 *  Further information: 

Map data in GeoJSON that is stored on Commons can be drawn on the map.

Combining multiple data types
You can combine ExternalData, Feature, and FeatureCollection objects together in the same  or   element, for example to highlight features with titles and descriptions on top of externally sourced objects.

Map data from Commons can be combined with other types of data simply by grouping them in parallel blocks of GeoJSON. See for various combinations.

Styling shapes
 { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "ids": "Q2108", "properties": { "title": "Highway I-696", "description": "", "stroke": "#ffb100", "stroke-width": 8 } }

In addition to the marker styling above, lines and areas support these simplestyle properties:

Overlapping elements
Map elements that overlap are drawn in the order they appear in the code. If a map includes two lines that overlap, the line defined first will appear beneath the line defined next. This applies to any elements defined in the code that draw on the map.

Examples
 { "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ { "type": "Feature", "properties": {"fill": "#ff0000","fill-opacity": 0.7,"stroke-width": 0}, "geometry": { "type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [ [ [ 77.926025390625, -25.150257104114733 ], [ 80.14251708984374, -25.150257104114733 ], [ 80.14251708984374, -24.43714786161562 ], [ 77.926025390625, -24.43714786161562 ], [ 77.926025390625, -25.150257104114733 ] ] ] } }, { "type": "Feature", "properties": {"stroke": "#fffa00","stroke-width": 5}, "geometry": { "type": "LineString", "coordinates": [ [ 77.926025390625, -25.150257104114733 ], [ 80.14251708984374, -24.43714786161562 ] ] } }, { "type": "Feature", "properties": {"stroke": "#000000","stroke-width": 5}, "geometry": { "type": "LineString", "coordinates": [ [ 77.926025390625, -24.43714786161562 ], [ 80.14251708984374, -25.150257104114733 ] ] } } ] }

The code for the map above includes three elements, all of which use GeoJSON's "feature" functionality. The first feature is a "Polygon" - the red rectangle. This is followed by two "LineString" features. The yellow line is defined first, so it appears beneath the black line. Note that the hierarchy used to draw elements applies regardless of whether the data is raw GeoJSON or comes from a Wikidata ID or Commons data page.

The map below changes the order from that of the first example: the black line is defined first and is thus moved to the bottom of the stack:

 { "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ { "type": "Feature", "properties": {"stroke": "#000000","stroke-width": 5}, "geometry": { "type": "LineString", "coordinates": [ [ 77.926025390625, -24.43714786161562 ], [ 80.14251708984374, -25.150257104114733 ] ] } }, { "type": "Feature", "properties": {"fill": "#ff0000","fill-opacity": 0.7,"stroke-width": 0}, "geometry": { "type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [ [ [  77.926025390625,  -25.150257104114733  ],  [  80.14251708984374,  -25.150257104114733  ],  [  80.14251708984374,  -24.43714786161562  ],  [  77.926025390625,  -24.43714786161562  ],  [  77.926025390625,  -25.150257104114733  ]  ]  ]  } }, { "type": "Feature", "properties": {"stroke": "#fffa00","stroke-width": 5}, "geometry": { "type": "LineString", "coordinates": [ [ 77.926025390625, -25.150257104114733 ], [ 80.14251708984374, -24.43714786161562 ] ] } } ] }

Reference

 * Full GeoJSON specification (RFC7946)
 * GeoJSON on English Wikipedia
 * simplestyle spec used by Kartographer
 * Maki icon set used by Kartographer

Guides

 * HERE.com's intro to GeoJSON
 * A guide to the GeoJSON.io editor

Editors and tools

 * GeoJSON.io editor
 * Vector.rocks editor
 * GeoJSON linter to validate your GeoJSON

Groups for Wikivoyage
The Wikivoyage project needs to display maps whose data is defined elsewhere on the page. There may be multiple points of interest (POI) defined with tags, all of which appear on a single common map on the side of the page. (See an example using the city of Salzburg.)

Grouping allows editors to share data between multiple and  tags.

Normally, the data inside a or  tag is shown only on the map created by that tag and nowhere else.

But on Wikivoyage, if a tag includes the  attribute, the data inside those tags will be placed into a named group alongside all the other data with the same group name. Tags with the same group name will display on a single map data; each tag incrementally adds data to the group.

Each tag on a Wikivoyage tag displays an embedded map displaying the groups specified in its tag.

A map may also show additional groups by specifying the attribute. Multiple group names may be specified, separated by comma. A group name may only contain lower case Latin letters. This grid illustrates the data that will be shown for each tag.

Example:

Simple
 { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [-122.3988, 37.8013] }, "properties": { "title": "Exploratorium", "description": "", "marker-symbol": "museum", "marker-size": "large", "marker-color": "0050d0" } }

Groups of automatic counters
 { "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ {     "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.41816520690917,         37.79097260220947        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40786552429199,         37.799654055191525        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40185737609865,         37.796262984039544        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.38743782043457,         37.80535070427755        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-color": "302060" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.38005638122557,         37.795449103799726        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-letter", "marker-color": "208020" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40941047668457,         37.81850557172186        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-letter", "marker-color": "208020" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.40357398986815,         37.81280993744834        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-letter", "marker-color": "208020" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.39842414855956,         37.8071138637568        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number-bar", "marker-color": "f01080" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.41181373596191,         37.78595317184089        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number-bar", "marker-color": "f01080" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.39542007446289,         37.787674400057654        ]      }    },    {      "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "-number-bar", "marker-color": "f01080" },     "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -122.38649368286131,         37.78401144262929        ]      }    }  ] }

Wikidata query
<mapframe longitude="-110" latitude="52" zoom="3" width="500" height="500" text="Governors of US states with their party affiliation"> { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "query": "SELECT ?id ?head (SAMPLE(?img) as ?img_) (min(?partyId) as ?party) (if(?party = '0', '#800000', if(?party = '1', '#000080', '#008000')) as ?fill) (concat(, ?headLabel, ) as ?title) (concat(?stateLabel, '\\n', '') as ?description) WHERE { ?id wdt:P31 wd:Q35657 . ?id wdt:P6 ?head . ?head wdt:P102 ?party . BIND(if(?party = wd:Q29468, '0', if(?party = wd:Q29552, '1', '2')) as ?partyId) SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language 'en' . ?head rdfs:label ?headLabel . ?id rdfs:label ?stateLabel . } OPTIONAL { ?head wdt:P18 ?img . } ?link schema:about ?head . ?link schema:isPartOf <https://en.wikipedia.org/> .} GROUP BY ?id ?head ?headLabel ?link ?stateLabel" }

Map data from Commons
<mapframe width=300 height=400> { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "page", "title": "Neighbourhoods/New York City.map" }

Mixed types
<mapframe text="Caderousse city wall" width="300" height="300" zoom="15" longitude="4.75600" latitude="44.10200"> [ {    "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q13518258", "properties": { "stroke": "#ffb100", "stroke-width": 6, } },  {    "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [4.75566, 44.104498] }, "properties": { "title": "Porte de Castellan" } },  {    "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [4.75829, 44.10258] }, "properties": { "title": "Porte Léon Roche" } } ]

Mixed types with markers
<mapframe width="300" height="300" zoom="12" longitude="-73.965278" latitude="40.782222"> [ {    "type": "ExternalData", "service": "page", "title": "Neighbourhoods/New York City.map" }, {    "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q160409", "properties": { "fill": "#07c63e", "title": "Central Park" } },  {    "type": "Feature", "properties": {"title": "Roosevelt Island", "marker-color": "f01080"}, "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -73.94511222839355,       40.76734665426719      ]    }  } ]

Rendering options
The following table shows how a map can be formatted for display on a wiki page. The table contains two columns: the first shows an interactive map via the tag, and the second shows the rendering of an example image with the same options.

Use the width value  in order to make the map take up the full width of the page. <mapframe width="full" height="200" zoom="13" longitude="-122.39953994750977" latitude="37.81032643553478"> <mapframe width="full" height="200" zoom="13" longitude="-122.39953994750977" latitude="37.81032643553478" frameless>

Languages and fallbacks
Kartographer maps get their labels from the open-source mapping project OpenStreetMap (https://www.openstreetmap.org/). By default, Kartographer tries to display map labels in the language of the wiki in which the embedded map is displayed. If that language is not available, then the map will use the given wiki's configured fallback language, then the local language in the map region specified in the Kartographer map. If none of these are available, Kartographer will display no label.

You can specify the language to use for labels with the  attribute and by setting its value to the desired language code Example:   will display labels in Japanese, if available.

To use the language local to the map area, specify. For more information about using the local language in your labels, and about OpenStreetMap multilingual data in general, read this post. Kartographer maps get their data, including map label data in all available languages, from the open-source mapping project OpenStreetMap. If the map you want to display doesn't offer labels in the desired language, you can always add labels in that language by adding them yourself to OpenStreetMap. To get started, see the OpenStreetMap Beginners’ Guide and these best practices in naming conventions.

Styling
<mapframe text="Interstate Highway I-696" width="300" height="300" longitude="-83.2297" latitude="42.4883" zoom="9"> { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "ids": "Q2108", "properties": { "title": "Highway I-696", "description": "", "stroke": "#ffb100", "stroke-width": 8 } }