API:Login/ja

MediaWiki のウェブ サービスを使用する際、あなたのアプリケーションまたはクライアントをログインさせる必要がある場合があるでしょう. As of MediaWiki 1.27, there are two API actions used to authenticate:  and.

Bots and other non-interactive applications should generally use owner-only OAuth consumers when available to authenticate as it is more secure, however bot passwords can be used with the  action as described on this page.

Interactive applications such as custom editors or patrolling applications that provide a service without intending to fully replace the website should generally also use OAuth for authenticating the tool, as it is easier and more secure, however the  action can be used if that is unavailable.

Interactive applications such as mobile apps that aim to completely replace access to the web-based user interface should use the  action to authenticate.

ログインすべきかどうか
あなたのクライアントを MediaWiki にログインさせる必要があるのは以下の場合でしょう:


 * 特定の権限を持つ利用者に制限された情報を取得したり、制限された操作を実行する必要がある
 * 膨大なリクエストを発行するため、リクエストごとの制限を緩和したアカウント以外での実行が現実的ではない場合

匿名で編集できるウィキでは、ログインしなくても API 経由で編集できますが、ログインすることを強く推奨します. 非公開のウィキでは、あらゆる API 機能についてログインが必須です.

あなたのクライアントが JavaScript で書かれている場合は、通常、そのクライアントを実行している利用者の認証情報を使用して動作します. この場合、ウェブ サービス API を使用してログインする必要はなく、利用者がウェブ インターフェイスを使用してログイン済みである必要があるのみです.

If your client is using OAuth or a similar mechanism, it will not need to explicitly log in as all OAuth requests are already authenticated.

アプリケーション固有の利用者アカウント
アプリケーションをあなたのアカウントでログインさせるのでなく、アプリケーションで使用する利用者アカウントを別に作成した方がいい場合があります. これは、アプリケーションが以下の場合に特に重要です:


 * 編集やその他の一括操作を自動的に実行する.
 * 巨大な、またはパフォーマンスに影響を与えるクエリを実行する.

別にアカウントを用意しておけば、アプリケーション経由で行った編集を簡単に見分けられますし、特殊な権限 (通常は「Bot」利用者グループ) をアプリケーションのアカウントに対して付与することもできます. ウィキによっては、自動的な編集について方針を決めている場合、また「Bot」権限の付与申請について規定がある場合もあります.

How to check if you're logged in
The login mechanism typically uses cookies to track the logged-in status of a session. Clients should check directly if they are logged in, rather than attempting to determine the status by examining the cookies or by blindly logging in whether or not it is required.

The recommended way to ensure that requests are logged in is to use the assert=user parameter accepted on all API calls. When this parameter is provided and the user is not logged in, an assertuserfailed error will be returned.

To directly check which user (if any) you are currently logged in as, use the query module.

ログイン方法
In MediaWiki versions before 1.27, only the  action is available and should be used by all clients needing to login. As of 1.27, the  action should only be used in combination with bot passwords, and   should be used by interactive applications.

Note that logging in and remaining logged in requires correct HTTP cookie handling by your client on all requests. Typically your framework or HTTP request library will handle this for you.

操作
To successfully log in, a login token must first be retrieved. In MediaWiki 1.27 and later, this token should be fetched using a query with. For older versions, a POST to the  action is required instead.

Other fields might be included in the response, however these are deprecated and should be ignored if present.

Once the token has been fetched, the login may proceed.

Other fields might be included in the response, however these are deprecated and should be ignored if present.

The result field in the output indicates whether the login was successful. Non-successful results include:


 * NeedToken if the lgtoken parameter was not provided or no session was active (e.g. your cookie handling is broken).
 * WrongToken if the supplied token was not a valid token.
 * Failed (since 1.27) if the login failed. A reason field will exist in the response containing and explanation of the failure.
 * Aborted (since 1.27) if the login using the main account password (rather than a bot password) cannot proceed because user interaction is required. The  action should be used instead.
 * NoName (before 1.27) if no lgname was provided.
 * Illegal (before 1.27) if the lgname is not a valid user name.
 * NotExists (before 1.27) if supplied user does not exist.
 * EmptyPass (before 1.27) if the supplied password is empty.
 * WrongPass or WrongPluginPass (before 1.27) if the password is incorrect.
 * CreateBlocked (before 1.27) if auto-creation of the account is required but is not possible.
 * Throttled (before 1.27) if login attempts from your IP have been throttled.
 * Blocked (before 1.27) if the user being logged in to is blocked and blocks prevent login on the wiki.
 * Aborted (before 1.27) if the login was aborted by an extension without further detail. A reason field may be present.

操作
This action implements an interactive login process, which might include CAPTCHAs, interactions with third-party authentication services, two-factor authentication, and more. As such, the specific fields required may vary depending on the configuration of the wiki. A description of the fields needed should be fetched from the query.

On a wiki without any special authentication extensions, the fields needed might include username, password , and optionally rememberMe , so the login request would look something like this:

On the other hand, a wiki with a CAPTCHA extension, an extension for authentication using OpenID Connect, and a two-factor authentication extension might have a more complicated authentication process.

The client would be expected to redirect the user's browser to the provided redirecttarget. The OpenID provider would authenticate, and redirect to Special:OpenIDConnectReturn on the wiki, which would validate the OpenID response and then redirect to the loginreturnurl provided in the first POST to the API with the code and state parameters added. The client gets control of the process back at this point and makes its next API request.

Now the client needs to ask the user to check their two-factor authentication app for the current code, and submit that back to the server to continue the authentication process.

The authentication process has finally succeeded.

If at any point authentication fails, a response with status FAIL will be returned, along with a message to display to the user.

In certain cases it's possible to receive a RESTART response, for example if the OpenID Connect extension had no mapping for the OpenID account to any local user. In this case the client might restart the login process from the beginning or might switch to account creation, in either case passing the loginpreservestate or createpreservestate parameter to preserve some state.