Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/zh

我们的桌面界面随着时间的推移一直在变化，但是自Vector皮肤（默认网站设计）推出以来，这些变化中的大多数都是由志愿者主导的，仅在原型、用户脚本，小工具和志愿者领导的皮肤中可用. 我们认为是时候采纳其中一些想法并将它们带入默认体验了. 在接下来的几年中，网页阅读团队将基于研究和现有工具来研究和开发对桌面体验的改进. 我们的目标是使维基媒体更受新读者和编辑的欢迎，并使所有人（新手和资深编辑）都更容易、快捷地使用.

这个项目处于讨论的早期阶段，尚无具体计划. 我们需要您对问题的总体重点领域的协作和反馈，以及您对以下初始设计思想的看法.

您能如何提供帮助
Feedback: Please look through these details and subpages, and share your feedback on the talkpage about the ideas and mockups we have collected so far - How could they be further improved? What important considerations are not currently documented?

研究与想法：请编辑下面的“第1阶段：设计想法”部分，以添加新的想法、记录、过去讨论的链接、现有小工具/脚本的链接，好的外部设计模式的链接等.

个人测试：开发开始后，我们将通过“参数设置”中的新外观选项直接使正在进行的工作可用. 您将可以单独选择加入并测试更改.

整体维基：我们也在寻找对帮助进行广泛测试感兴趣的任何Wiki，例如为登出站点用户更改本地默认值. 如果您认为您的社群可能感兴趣，有问题请尽管向我们提问，然后开始进行本地讨论，一旦达成本地共识，请在讨论页面上添加指向该讨论的链接.

欢迎在讨论页面上以任何语言发表更长的评论和想法.

更新
订阅新闻报:桌面版改进更新，以便在此处添加新的小章节时收到通知. 重要的里程碑公告将通过大量信息发送发布到所有维基.

March 2020: User Research with Readers - phase 1 report
Starting in January 2020 we have been working with Hureo, a user research firm based in India, to perform a user study on how new and casual readers use the desktop interface of Wikipedia. The study was separated in two phases, with the first phase focusing on primarily English readers, and the second phase on bilingual and non-English readers. The goal of the study was to understand the experience of new and casual readers, both in terms of how they feel about the site and how they use the site, focusing in particular on the concepts of trust and welcomeness, as well as on the usability of commonly used features on the site. In addition, we were also interested in uncovering potential areas of improvement in terms of overall and feature-specific usability. The outcome of the first phase of the study is a report detailing their observations from 24 user interviews, which is available below. We will be using these results to inform future feature development for desktop improvements project.

March 2020: Full results from prototype feedback
In December, 2019 we published a prototype of the first few features of the desktop improvements project for community feedback. The prototype presented a collapsible version of the sidebar, a fixed-width layout, and a more prominent location for the language switcher. We received detailed, thoughtful feedback from over 200 logged-in users, across five languages. The feedback was mostly positive, with the majority of users seeing the proposed changes as an improvement over the current design. However there were also some areas of concern. Many of the issues raised were due to bugs in the prototype (particularly with the language switching menu), while others exposed areas for improvement that we will iterate on and/or keep an eye on during development. We have published a report which highlights the main points raised, both positive and negative, and our plans going forward in response to this feedback.

February 2020: Update on initial features and overall feature sequence

 * We have began building the opting-in and opting-out structure for the project. The setting for turning the improvements on will be within the user preferences list for logged-in users. For test wikis, the improvements will be on by default, but logged-in users will be able to turn them off anytime via their preferences or a button in the sidebar. Please see the Opting in and Release Plan page for more details and mockups.
 * We have also published the current list of features considered for the project as well as the sequence we plan on building them in. As we will be testing each individual feature prior to building, this list is subject to change based on the feedback we receive.

February 2020: Feedback Round 1 Summary
We have finished our first round of feedback for the prototype of the first few features of the desktop improvements project: the new header, collapsible sidebar, and improved language switching. So far, the results have been mostly positive, with the majority of users seeing the changes as a significant improvement over the current design. However, we also found a few areas for improvement that we will iterate on and consider during development. Here are a few highlights of the results so far:


 * A majority of the editors who tested the prototype really liked the new location of the language switcher.
 * A few editors raised concerns around internationalization and the ability to switch languages using one click.
 * A majority of the editors liked the collapsibility of the sidebar, especially for readers
 * There were some concerns around the amount of white space introduced with a collapsible sidebar and fixed-width layout
 * We saw many requests for a dark/night mode for the site

We are currently running the second feedback round on English and Polish Wikipedias. If you haven’t had a chance yet, please let us know your thoughts on the prototype page. Once both feedback rounds are completed, we will be publishing a more in-depth report.

January 2020: Language Switching Users Tests
In December we did some usability testing to compare the current placement of the Universal Language Selector (in the sidebar) with the proposed location in the article header. We tested a prototype with 21 users in order to determine if people have an easier time switching languages given the new location of the language switcher. The results of the test confirmed our hypothesis — participants in the test group (new location) were able to switch languages more quickly than participants in the control group (old location). Based on these results we plan on continuing to explore moving the language selector to this location as a part of the desktop improvements project.

December 2019: Prototype testing
Between December 2019 and February 2020, we will be performing tests on a prototype for the first few features of the desktop improvements project. We will be gathering feedback from a variety of test wikis by encouraging editors to participate using a central notice banner. We ran the banners and received feedback from the majority of our test wikis during December 2019. In February 2020, we will continue running the banners on English and Polish Wikipedias. So far, the feedback we have received is mostly positive but we have also identified some areas of our prototype that we will iterate on based on the feedback. We will be publishing the results of the first round of feedback over the next few weeks, and of the second, sometime in February. In the meantime, we encourage you to give us feedback (if you haven't yet) on the prototype page.

October 2019: Technical Research pt 2
We have published the results of our technical research in preparation for beginning the work on the project. In particular, we have focused on gathering more information on the following:
 * The possibility of serving a different version of the site to logged-out users (for opt-in/opt-out and A/B testing purposes)
 * Search and the differences between the current search widgets
 * Language switching and possibilities on improving the language switcher
 * T234907 - A technical RfC on what code-base to start with
 * Changes to EventLogging and how they will impact our work

We reached out to all wikis with a MassMessage, and asked for communities to volunteer to be test wikis for this project.

2019年9月：Wikimania研究报告


在Wikimania 2019期间，我们采访了编辑者，目的是分享我们即将进行的桌面改进项目的计划，并收集有关许多初步设计思想的宝贵反馈. 我们的研究包括用户访谈、自由形式的实践反馈以及分组讨论的演示文稿，以便进行更集中的讨论. 我们已经就收到的反馈发布了一份英文报告 和PDF摘要（英文）. 总体而言，我们在选定的重点领域以及想法的各个原型方面收到了积极的反馈. 但是，我们也能够确定需要改进的地方.

在接下来的几周中，我们将反复查看这些反馈，并计划开发一个可以在维基上为更多受众测试的原型.

在下面的幻灯片中，我们测试了19个想法的样本. 有关更多背景信息，请阅读完整的报告，然后在讨论页面上给我们反馈！

2019年9月：桌面版使用情况和行为数据分析
作为研究过程的一部分，我们想了解更多有关人们当前使用该网站的方式. 特别是，他们多久使用一次可用功能，例如侧边栏中的链接，语言切换和搜索. 我们已经发布了我们的结果. 总体而言，侧边栏链接的使用率很低 - 单击侧边栏中链接的页面之一时，只有大约0.5％的未登录用户和1.6％的已登录桌面版用户. 语言切换的用法通常基于维基的大小而变化，较小的维基会更频繁地切换语言.

2019年8月：Wikimania上的研究和头脑风暴


Wikimania为我们提供了与社群中经验丰富的成员进行交流的机会. 在会议的五天中，我们能够共享该项目的计划，并收集有关许多设计思想的宝贵反馈. 我们的研究包括用户访谈，自由形式的反馈练习以及演示+头脑风暴会议（您可以看到侧面使用的幻灯片）. 我们即将发布反馈摘要以及采访结果.

2019年8月：技术研究
为了探索该项目的不同技术可能性，团队花了一个星期的时间来研究针对单个问题的不同方法-如何使桌面体验中的侧边栏可折叠. 我们希望使用这些实验的结果来确定改进的技术架构，以及我们希望在其中构建这些改进的外观. 以下是实验的列表：


 * 使用Vector皮肤的分支版本构建可折叠的侧边栏
 * 在Minerva皮肤中构建桌面侧边栏. 问题的探索：“我们的桌面版和移动版可能具有相同的外观吗？”
 * 仅使用用户样式构建可折叠侧边栏

问题陈述

 * 1) 维基媒体计划不受欢迎
 * 维基媒体计划的桌面站点对新读者而言并不受欢迎. 它不符合现代网络和我们对其他平台（Android和iOS应用以及移动网站）的期望. 由于随意组织的导航和界面链接，它感到迷失方向和断开连接. 反过来，这导致读者和编辑者对维基媒体计划的信任度降低，也不太可能浏览维基媒体计划，并且最终使我们的网站使用率比理想上低（即保留率下降）.
 * 1) 维基媒体不易于使用
 * Readers (new readers especially) are unable to intuitively perform basic functions like switching languages, searching for content, or adjusting reading settings. Additionally there is a lot of clutter that distracts from the content they are interested in. New editors are faced with a similar barrier; an interface that is not welcoming or intuitive and is cluttered.  It is difficult for them to perform basic tasks necessary for contribution, such as setting up an account, opening the editor, or learning how to use special pages for moderation purposes (e.g. history pages to find&revert vandalism). All users can have problems with the sites not being properly "responsive", which leads to issues like really wide content or really narrow content (depending on screen and window sizes). By keeping the status quo, we are preventing people who are eager to contribute from being able to do so (i.e. experience bias).
 * 1) 维基媒体计划的模型不容易理解
 * 当前，只有极少数的读者了解维基媒体计划的功能. 我们的界面无法以直观的方式突出显示网站的内部运作方式.  许多读者并不知道他们正在阅读的内容是由志愿者编写并经常更新的，或者他们也可能做出贡献.

此外，我们的各种产品（桌面版、应用程序和移动版）之间的体验差异很大，这使读者难以了解我们产品之间的联系以及将其与内容本身相关联. 这使维基媒体网站的概念缺乏统一性.

不同受众的摘要：

目标
以下是我们正在努力取得的成果：


 * 使读者更容易专注于内容
 * 提供对日常操作（例如搜索、语言切换、编辑）的更轻松访问
 * 把事情放在合乎逻辑和有用的地方
 * 提高与其他平台（移动网络和应用程序）的界面一致性
 * 消除混乱
 * 计划未来的增长

局限性
这是我们明确要记住的事情列表：


 * 不触及内容 - 不会在样式模板或页面内容本身的结构方面进行任何工作
 * 不删除任何功能 - 事情可能会不断变化，但是所有导航项和当前默认情况下可用的其他功能将保留
 * 版面没有大的改变 - 我们正在采用渐进的方式进行变更，并希望该网站继续让读者和编辑感到熟悉

时间线
以下是大致的计划时间表，该时间表会根据进度而变化：


 * 阶段1：2019年5月至2019年9月：调查和研究，找出我们可以创造价值的地方，寻找重点
 * 阶段2：2019年7月至2019年11月：开发重点领域，草绘和制作原型想法，开始对话
 * 阶段3：2019年10月至2020年1月：持续的用户测试和设计改进
 * Phase 4: January 2020 - May 2020: Prototype feedback and iteration. Building out first features - new header and collapsible sidebar
 * Phase 5: May 2020 - July 2020: Prototype, user test, and ship at least 4 features to test wikis
 * Phase 6+: July 2020 - TBD: Continuing with feature sequence

量表
以下是我们在项目过程中要衡量的核心指标的草案. 当我们更具体地定义要进行的更改时，我们将在此列表上进行扩展和更新.

通过以下措施提高我们现有受众的效用：


 * 互动
 * 在整个项目过程中，每次会话的搜索量增加5％
 * 在整个项目过程中，将每个项目的语言切换提高5％
 * 亲和力
 * （通过调查和用户测试）对网站的积极欢迎态度有所增加
 * 信任和可信度的提高（通过调查和用户测试衡量）

Feature Sequence
This is a summarized overview of the features we are considering adding or iterating on throughout the course of the project. A more detailed list is available on a separate page - we encourage looking through that page for more information. As we go through with design, requirements gathering, and user testing for each feature, we will also publish a separate page per feature with more detail. These will be linked from the title of the feature.


 * 1) New Header
 * 2) Collapsible Sidebar
 * 3) Moving language links to the article title bar
 * 4) Sticky site and article headers
 * 5) User Menu
 * 6) Improved search
 * 7) Improved language switching
 * 8) Table of contents
 * 9) Article tools
 * 10) General aesthetic refinements

研究和设计过程
一般说明：我们的流程不是特别严格. 它宽松地基于研究和设计过程的最佳实践，但是也相对新兴和灵活，因为我们会酌情进行特别活动和探索. 尽管我们在下面的三个阶段中概述了研究和设计过程，但实际上这些阶段是重叠的. 此外，目前似乎还没有明确的方法将“研究”活动与“设计”活动（它们是相互关联的）分开，所以我们将它们一起讨论.

阶段1：调查和研究，弄清楚我们可以在哪里创造价值，找到重点（2019年5月–2019年9月）

 * 主页面：/研究与设计：第1阶段

We began by considering the current default experience on desktop (Vector) and asking ourselves: in what ways can we improve upon this? Where are opportunities to modify the interface in order to create a better experience for all readers and editors? How can we make it easier for people to do the things they want to do? How can we create a more pleasing reading environment? Of course while exploring these questions we kept in mind the project's constraints. The research and design activities we engaged in in order to explore these questions included:


 * 了解桌面版界面的历史
 * 阅读维基媒体基金会或其他研究机构和个人进行的维基百科先前的研究
 * 在我们团队站外的讨论，以建立对该项目的共识并产生想法
 * Winter、Timeless和其他维基百科重新设计
 * 阅读其他大型网站（Reddit，Twitter等）的重新设计/更新的有关信息
 * 对其他大型网站进行研究，以尝试收集常见的结构元素

第1阶段的输出是：更好地了解桌面版界面，并提出了需要改进的重点领域. 对于重点领域可能是什么，我们没有严格的标准. 一般来说，这是我们可以改进的想法，尽管在不同的特异性水平上，例如：“减少混乱的阅读体验”或“语言切换的便捷性”. 拟议的重点领域是：


 * 通过合并或折叠导航链接来创建更加集中和“安静”的阅读环境，包括：
 * 主侧边栏导航
 * 条目工具
 * 用户工具
 * 语言切换
 * 搜索
 * 条目导航/目录

除此之外. 有更多针对特定功能的想法：阅读首选项（例如，暗模式）、共享按钮、较大的编辑按钮/添加新的文章按钮（对于较小的Wiki）/使其更明显地“参与”，条目统计/活跃度摘要.

第2阶段：开发重点领域、草图和原型创意，开始对话（2019年7月–2019年11月）

 * 主页面：/研究与设计：第2阶段

第一阶段的研究活动和对话帮助我们更好地了解了所处的环境（即桌面界面）. 它还帮助我们开发了潜在的重点领域，以进行进一步的调查（同时仍然对新想法持开放态度）. 我们的下一个目标是通过草图、原型以及最重要的是与社群的对话来更深入地研究重点领域. 研究和设计活动包括：


 * 了解过去在各个重点领域的工作，研究和实验
 * 获取有关各个重点领域的一般用法数据
 * 勾画出早期想法并制作原型，以帮助促进对话
 * 形成早期设想
 * Wikimania上的用户访谈和其他反馈
 * MediaWiki的社群反馈（即将发生）
 * 对新手和休闲读者的用户访谈（即将进行）
 * 在usertesting.com上进行用户测试（即将进行）

第2阶段的输出将包括：对重点领域内特定界面改进的草图的反应，对改进有待改进的细化（即更自以为是和见多识广的感觉），关于可以实施拟议改进的顺序的建议.

阶段3：持续的用户测试和设计改进（2019年10月–2020年1月）
第3阶段将是一个循环：进一步测试第2阶段中提出的特定思想，然后根据我们的学习来完善我们的设计. 在实际的维基上，有些东西可能需要进行测试. 我们将努力识别这些事物，并弄清楚我们计划如何进行测试（即我们将跟踪哪些数据、以及基于看到的行为我们将做出哪些决定）.

第三阶段的输出将包括：几乎完成的设计（尽管我们通常会在实施过程中留出更多的更新空间），以及一个针对在测试中推出产品时我们想要学习的内容的计划，并根据该决定来要决定/更改怎样的信息.

阶段1：设计思路
下面提出了很多想法其中的一些. 请添加您知道的任何重要构想和链接：


 * NOTE for editors: Please edit the English version to add ideas and links, or comment on the talkpage. Don't worry about the "tvar" markup if you don't know it. We will add it in afterwards.

关注内容，将内容与用户界面区分开

 * 侧栏中的可折叠部分
 * 示例：希伯来语维基百科, ...
 * 研究：可折叠语言链接的可用性提议研究、侧边栏中可折叠部分上的可用性提议模型
 * 可折叠边栏
 * 示例：Wide Skin（英语维基百科脚本）、 Hide Vector sidebar（英语维基百科脚本）, Timeless皮肤侧边栏（响应式布局）、WikiWand、mobileVector（mediawikiwiki小工具）、CollapsibleSidebar (韓語維基百科預設小工具)...
 * 浮动侧边栏
 * 示例：FloatSide（英语维基百科脚本）...
 * Tabs in sidebar to organise all the tools and navigation: 1) TOC, 2) Site navigation, 3) Tools (for editing, page info, gadgets), 4) Bookmarks (feature request)
 * The tab icons serve also to collapse/reveal the sidebar.
 * TOC in sidebar: fixed to the screen, separately scrolled.
 * Example: WikiWand
 * Pin-able infobox: show a pin icon in top-right corner of the infobox. When pushed, pin the infobox on the right side of the screen in a column that stays on-screen and scrolls on its own, similar to the sidebar on the left.
 * Collapsible article sections: see at the bottom of the WikiWand page + add a short scrolling effect.
 * Responsive width
 * Responsive content (enwiki/mw gadget), 3 column CSS (personal css),

轻松进行日常操作

 * 带有搜索、目录、编辑链接的粘性标题
 * 示例：FloatHead (英语维基百科脚本)、 FloatHead (另一个英语维基百科脚本)、Floater (英语维基百科脚本), Winter （历史原型）、Timeless（替代皮肤）...
 * 研究：Usability-wiki
 * 更多主要语言切换' （将语言切换器移至页面顶部）
 * 示例：1325像素或更宽且1085像素或更薄的永恒皮肤，...
 * 粘性表格标题
 * 示例：Gadget-StickyTableHeaders (英语维基百科小工具)
 * Jump to the top of the page
 * Examples: ToTopButton (enwiki script)
 * Paragraph (¶) symbols on headings: visible only when hovering, next to the edit icon, to easily copy links to sections.

将事物放在合乎逻辑且有用的地方

 * 综合用户菜单 （例如，在下拉菜单中折叠诸如“注销”、“参数设置”和“测试”之类的内容）
 * 示例：Skin:Timeless、紧凑的个人选项卡
 * 登出的参数设置
 * 示例：辅助功能设置/参数设置 (T91201) ...
 * 将条目操作从侧边栏移动到条目内部
 * 示例：Winter1085像素或更细的Timeless皮肤 ...
 * Easily navigate through articles - load page content using JS in background without loading the whole page
 * Examples: RevisionSlider, an extension to easily navigate through diffs, and Weekipedia.