How to become a MediaWiki hacker/es

Este artículo está escrito para ayudar a desarrolladores novatos para que aprendan las habilidades necesarias para contribuir al desarrollo de MediaWiki y sus extensiones.

The main path to get started with Wikimedia development is to contribute to Wikimedia projects that offer mentoring. An alternative without mentoring is to fix a good first bug.

Si eres un desarrollador experimentado que posee experiencia con MediaWiki, visita el  en cambio.

Para otras maneras de aportar en la comunidad Wikimedia, ve .

Resumen
MediaWiki es el software que permite el funcionamiento de Wikipedia, sus proyectos hermanos y miles de wikis en todo el mundo.

MediaWiki está escrito en el lenguaje de programación PHP. Usa jQuery como librería cliente de JavaScript.

MediaWiki está escrito principalmente para la plataforma LAMP y se ejecuta en la mayoría de los sistemas operativos. MediaWiki usa principalmente servidores de MySQL y MariaDB.

Development happens in an open source style, is largely coordinated online, and supported by the Wikimedia Foundation, though volunteer community developers play a huge part as well.

La lista principal de desarrolladores es wikitech-l. Los canales del desarrollador son y.
 * Development discussion happens on, , and IRC channels.
 * Source code is stored on and managed using the Git revision control system and can be viewed here
 * Revisión de códigos es desarrollada en . Sigue este tutorial para instalar Git y Gerrit para enviar cambios.
 * Reportes de error y tareas se administran en y se pueden ver aquí



Instalando tu ambiente de desarrollo
You can install and develop MediaWiki on Linux, Windows, or macOS using any of the three solutions below.

La mayoría de los proyectos usan Git y Gerrit. Sigue el tutorial de Gerrit para crear tu cuenta de desarrollador. Then you can move on to downloading our code, making changes, testing them, and submitting patches. Hay dos maneras para instalar vuestro entorno de desarrollo: utilizando un pre-máquina virtual configurada setup (vagrant), o manual.

Docker

 * MediaWiki Docker – Ejecuta MediaWiki mediante Docker (puede ser usado en Windows, MacOS o Linux)

You can also try the experimental mwcli tool which sets up Docker with a few simple commands and provides basic orchestration functionality for MediaWiki Docker containers. With this you can easily add extensions and features to your container.

If you run it from Windows, Docker shares files between your Windows filesystem and the container filesystem. This can cause MediaWiki to be very slow if you are using WSL2 based engine, due to the poor performance of its shared directory implementation. If you have Windows Pro, you can switch to the Hyper-V backend in the settings of Docker Desktop for better filesystem performance.

An even faster way to run MediaWiki using Docker in Windows (speeds comparable to manually installing) is to clone MediaWiki and run Docker from WSL (or install and run  inside of WSL). That way there is no shared filesystem overhead. To develop the MediaWiki codebase that is inside the Docker container you can establish a remote connection to it and open the MediaWiki WSL folder in that is in the container using VSCode or PhpStorm.

Máquina virtual con Vagrant

 * MediaWiki Vagrant – Run MediaWiki on a Linux virtual machine using Vagrant.

Vagrant allows you start a MediaWiki instance you can develop as well as allowing you to add and develop any of 250+ extensions - all with a single command. This saves you installation and configuration time compared to manually installing. It runs faster than Docker on Windows, however slower than Docker on WSL or manually installing.



Instalación manual
MediaWiki can be developed by installing it natively on your system and editing its code. Installing it natively means it will run faster than Docker or Vagrant, but it will take more time to configure.


 * 1)  — Check hardware requirements and install dependencies
 * 2)  — Descarga el código de fuente más reciente desde Git.
 * 3)  — Continuar con la instalación y configuración inicial
 * 4) * Instalar varios modos de debug en vuestro entorno para mostrar advertencias y errores pronto.

PHP
MediaWiki está escrito en PHP, por lo que necesitarás familiarizarte con PHP para modificar el núcleo de MediaWiki.


 * Aprende PHP
 * Tutorial de PHP — Disponible en muchos idiomas diferentes. Si no posees conocimientos de PHP pero sabes cómo programar en otros lenguajes de programación orientados a objetos, PHP te resultará sencillo de aprender.
 * PHP Programming at Wikibooks.
 * PHP at Wikiversity.


 * Recursos de PHP:
 * El manual de de PHP — Disponible en muchos idiomas diferentes.
 * PHP coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Stuff to know :
 * The script  in MediaWiki provides a basic PHP interpreter with MediaWiki objects and classes loaded.
 * Also, the script  in MediaWiki is a replacement of   based on PsySH, see

Base de datos
Many features require some amount of database manipulation, so you'll often need to be familiar with MySQL/MariaDB.


 * Aprende MySQL/MariaDB
 * Tutorial de MySQL — Desde el manual de referencia de MySQL
 * MySQL at Wikibooks.


 * Recursos de MySQL/MariaDB
 * Manuales de referencia de MySQL — Disponible en muchos idiomas diferentes.
 * MariaDB Knowledge Base
 * Database coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Stuff to know :
 * Prueba tu código con MySQL/MariaDB.
 * MediaWiki currently uses MySQL and MariaDB as the primary database back-end. It also supports other DBMSes, such as PostgreSQL and SQLite. However, almost all developers use MySQL/MariaDB and don't test other DBs, which consequently break on a regular basis. You're therefore advised to use MySQL/MariaDB when testing patches, unless you're specifically trying to improve support for another DB. In the latter case, make sure you're careful not to break MySQL/MariaDB (or write queries that are horribly inefficient in it), since MySQL/MariaDB is what everybody else uses.



JavaScript y CSS
JavaScript and CSS have become omnipresent in front-end code. You don't have to be familiar with JavaScript, jQuery and CSS to work on MediaWiki, but you might need to, depending on what you choose to work on.


 * Aprende JavaScript y CSS
 * JavaScript and CSS at Wikibooks.
 * Comenzando con jQuery — Un tutorial de jQuery.
 * Learning JavaScript — references and sources.


 * Recursos de Javascript y CSS
 * JavaScript coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.
 * CSS coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.

MediaWiki
The MediaWiki code base is large and some parts are ugly; don't be overwhelmed by it. When you're first starting off, aim to write features or fix bugs which only touch a small region of code.


 * MediaWiki basics and must-reads :
 *  — A high-level overview of the main components of MediaWiki and how they work with each other.
 *  — An overview of why and how to write secure code.


 * MediaWiki resources :
 * — A list of important files and links to more detailed information.
 * — A list of hooks. If you're trying to find what part of the codebase does something, often a good place to start is by searching for the related hooks.
 * — An overview of general coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Code documentation ( class reference ) — Automatically generated documentation from the code and code comments.
 * — Guía para depurar MediaWiki.
 * — A tool to interact with MediaWiki objects live.



Extensiones MediaWiki
If you choose to work on MediaWiki extensions code, the following links provide more information.


 * MediaWiki extensions basics:
 * Developing extensions — How to write an extension for MediaWiki.
 * Extension writing tutorial


 * MediaWiki extensions resources:
 * Best practices for extensions
 * A brief introduction to MediaWiki extension development — A video presentation about how to create a MediaWiki extension (slides).
 * Making a MediaWiki extension — Covers how to develop an extension for MediaWiki, best practices, and how to engage the MediaWiki community. Desde febrero de 2011.
 * Help for extension developers on the Developer Hub

MediaWiki skins
Manual:How to make a MediaWiki skin is helpful if you choose to work on MediaWiki skins.



Véase también

 * Search for code across repositories
 * – When you've thoroughly read the information in this article, it's time to move on to the information in the developer hub.