Manual:Magic words/de



Zauberworte sind eine Technik zur Abbildung einer Vielzahl von Wiki-Text-Strings auf eine einzige ID, die einer Funktion zugeordnet ist. Beide Variablen- und Parserfunktionen nutzen diese Technik. Alle Texte dieser ID zugeordnet, werden mit dem Rückgabewert der Funktion ersetzt werden. Die Zuordnung zwischen den Textstrings und der ID ist in den Variablen $magicWords in einer Datei gespeichert, die geladen werden kann, durch verwenden von $wgExtensionMessagesFiles[].

Die Standardzauberworte wurden in CoreParserFunctions.php umgesetzt.

Wie Zauberworte funktionieren
Sobald MediaWiki Text zwischen doppelten geschweiften Klammern findet, muss es entscheiden, ob XXX eine Variable, Parserfunktion, oder Vorlage ist. Um dies zu tun, stellt es eine Reihe von Fragen:


 * 1) Hat es eine zugehörige Zauberwort ID? Als ein erster Schritt in der Auflösung der Markup-Form .  This method gets its list of variable IDs from a hard coded list of variable IDs (see Help:Variables) and from a list of custom variable IDs provided by all functions attached to the hook MagicWordwgVariableIDs.
 * 2) **If the magic word ID has been classified as a variable, hooks MediaWiki calls the functions associated with the event name 'ParserGetVariableValueSwitch' until one is found that recognizes the magic word and can return its value.
 * 3) Is it a parser function? If there are any parameters or if the magic word ID is missing from the list of variable magic word IDs, then MediaWiki assumes that the magic word is a parser function or template. If the magic word ID is found in the list of parser functions declared via a call to , it is treated as a parser function and rendered using the function named  .  Otherwise, it is presumed to be a template.
 * 1) Is it a parser function? If there are any parameters or if the magic word ID is missing from the list of variable magic word IDs, then MediaWiki assumes that the magic word is a parser function or template. If the magic word ID is found in the list of parser functions declared via a call to , it is treated as a parser function and rendered using the function named  .  Otherwise, it is presumed to be a template.

Zauberworte definieren
Damit Zauberworte ihren Zauber tun, müssen wir zwei Dinge definieren:
 * eine Zuordnung zwischen Wiki-Text und einer Zauberwort-ID
 * eine Zuordnung zwischen einer Zauberwort-ID und einigen PHP-Funktionen, die das Zauberwort interpretiert.

Mapping wiki text to magic word IDs
The variable $magicWords is used to associate each magic word ID with a language-dependent array that describes all the text strings that mapped to the magic word ID.

The first element of this array is a flag indicating whether or not the magic word is case sensitive. The remaining elements are a list of text that should be associated with the magic word ID. If the case sensitive flag is 0, any case variant of the names in the array will match. If the case sensitive flag is 1, only exact case matches will be associated with the magic word ID.

This association is created by $magicWords in a file registered using $wgExtensionMessagesFiles[].

In the example below, a Spanish MediaWiki installation will associate the magic word ID 'MAG_CUSTOM' with "#personalizado", "#custom", "#PERSONALIZADO", "#CUSTOM" and all other case variants. In an English MediaWiki only "#custom" in various case combinations will be mapped to 'MAG_CUSTOM':

File

Extension initialisation file :

Note that "ExampleMagic" is a different to the key you would use for a plain internationalisation file (normally just the title of the extension, i.e. "Example"). "Magic" has been appended deliberately so one does not overwrite the other.

Associating a magic word ID with a PHP function
The mechanism for associating magic word IDs with rendering functions depends on whether the magic word will be used as a parser function or a variable. For more information, please see:


 * Manual:Parser functions
 * Manual:Variables

Registering magic words
In MediaWiki 1.8 and beyond there is no explicit requirement to register magic word IDs. Registering the parser function or variables that use them is sufficient. For versions prior to 1.8, see below.

Localisation

 * ''See Help:Magic words#Localisation for help.

You can read more on definition and usage of magic words for localisation at Localisation#PLURAL and GENDER support in JavaScript, Localisation#Localizing namespaces and special page aliases, Localisation#Switches in messages…; Localisation#Be aware of PLURAL use on all numbers, Localisation#Users have grammatical genders, Avoid  in messages.

Magic words in MediaWiki versions before 1.8
MediaWiki versions prior to 1.8 differed in the following ways:

 Manual:Hooks/LanguageGetMagic did not pass a language parameter. To simulate this parameter, extensions backported to 1.7 or earlier can extract the language of $wgContLang on their own and proceed as normal and/or offer a language independent process for selecting the ID-text mapping. Extensions that used magic words had to explicitly register their magic word IDs using the hook MagicWordMagicWords. This method simply asked the implementer to supply the ID of the magic word.

 

Behavior switches (double underscore magic words)
Behavior switches are a special type of magic word. They can be recognized by their use of double underscores (rather than double braces). For example,.

These magic words typically do no output any content, but instead change the behavior of a page and/or set a page property. These magic words are listed in  and also at Help:Magic words#Behavior switches. The effect of each behavior switch is defined in. If no specific effect is defined, the magic word will simply set a page property in the page_props table.

Siehe auch

 * Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words - Liste von Variablen wie und
 * Markup spec