Help:TemplateStyles/fr

TemplateStyles est un outil permettant d'activer des feuilles de style (CSS) pour les modèles sans les droits d'administrateur.

Fonctionnement
Les contributeurs peuvent ajouter  à une page et le contenu d'  sera analysé comme code CSS, nettoyé et chargé sur les pages où la balise   est utilisée (directement ou en étant utilisé dans un modèle qui est utilisé sur une page).

doit avoir le modèle de contenu , qui est la valeur par défaut pour les sous-pages de l'espace de nom Modèle qui se terminent par. Il est recommandé d'enregister la feuille de style pour un modèle comme  dans une sous-page comme.

If  lacks a namespace prefix, it defaults to the Template namespace. Thus, for example,  will load.

The  tag should be placed before the content that is styled, e.g. at the top of the template, to avoid a potential flash of unstyled content if the page is partially rendered while being loaded.

Quels sont les problèmes qu'il résout ?
Traditionally, there are two ways to style templates (or any other content): by using inline styles (that is, using HTML code and adding attributes like  to it) or by using certain special system messages such as MediaWiki:Common.css. Neither of those approaches work very well.

For inline styling:


 * There is no separation of content and presentation. In cases where the content does not come from a template (e.g. tables in articles), that will result in article wikitext that's unintelligible for most editors.
 * Since styles are mixed with wikitext, syntax highlighting and other forms of CSS editing support are difficult or impossible.
 * Styles have to be repeated for each HTML element they apply to, which results in lots of copy-pasting and code that is hard to read and maintain.
 * Style attributes are limited to a subset of CSS. Most importantly,  rules needed for responsive design do not work so it's impossible to make templates that work well over a wide range of screen sizes. Furthermore, inline styles take precedence over CSS stylesheets so user-, skin- or device-specific customizations become more difficult.

For system  pages:


 * Editing is limited to administrators, which is a major barrier to participation.
 * Editing restrictions cannot be lifted as there is no way to limit what CSS rules can be used, and some of them could be abused to track readers' IP addresses or even execute scripts in some older browsers.
 * Changes are impossible to test without saving first.
 * All stylesheets must be loaded on all pages (whether they actually use the page or not), which wastes bandwidth and makes debugging style rules harder.

TemplateStyles allows editors to associate style rules to specific pages, provides the full power of CSS stylesheets while filtering dangerous constructs, and works with preview/debug tools (such as TemplateSandbox) as expected.

Lowering the access and maintainability barrier will hopefully result in more innovation in the way templates are visually designed, less maintenance overhead, and better adaptability to screen options (especially mobile devices which by now constitute half of Wikipedia pageviews).

Est-ce que c'est sans danger ?
Yes! TemplateStyles includes a full-fledged CSS parser that reads, re-serializes and escapes all code and removes CSS rules which do not match its whitelist. The parser is sufficiently fine-grained to reject remote resources (such as background images) but allow local ones. CSS selectors are rewritten so that they cannot refer to elements outside article content. (Visually modifying areas outside article content by displacing parts of the article, e.g. via absolute positioning, is not prevented at this time. This is no change from the status quo, as such a thing was already possible with wikitext and inline styles.)

Quelles sont les règles CSS qui sont reconnues ?
Currently, TemplateStyles accepts most CSS3 properties supported by one or more major browser (as of early 2017). Beyond simple rules,,  ,  ,   and  /  at-rules are also supported (with font-face restricted to fonts whose name starts with  , for security reasons).

Non-standard properties (including vendor prefixes) are not currently supported. See T162379 for plans.

Quelles sont les fonctions anti-abus fournies ?
The design choice to store CSS in separate pages was made in part to make integration with the standard anti-abuse toolset easy. TemplateStyles CSS pages have their own content model so changes to them can be tracked or controlled with AbuseFilter, using the   variable.

CSS inclusion is tracked the same way as template transclusion, so you can see where a stylesheet is used via the "What links here" option, see what stylesheets are used on a page under "Page information" (and possibly on the edit screen, depending on what editor you use), and see what recent changes might be affecting a page using "Related changes".

TemplateStyles also leaves identifying information in the HTML code; to find out where a specific rule comes from, look at the page source, and the enclosing  tag will have an attribute like , where 123456 is the revision ID of the stylesheet (viewable with Special:Diff, for example).

Comment les décisions concernant TemplateStyles ont-elles été prises ?
The idea of including CSS with templates was proposed and accepted in a request for comments. Technical details were pinned down in a second RfC and workflow details in a user consultation.

Qui est chargé de TemplateStyles ?
TemplateStyles was originally a project of the Wikimedia Reading Infrastructure team (preceded by exploratory work Coren did as a volunteer), then people moved around. It is now maintained by an ad hoc WMF team consisting of Brad Jorsch (developer), Chris Koerner (community liaison), Dan Garry (product manager), Gergő Tisza (developer) and Grace Gellerman (project manager).

Où dois-je signaler les erreurs / demander des fonctionnalités ?
Please file tasks under the TemplateStyles component in Phabricator.

Où puis-je voir l'outil en action ?
You can look at some curated examples.

The feature is currently (as of March 2018) enabled on the following Wikimedia sites:


 * here on mediawiki.org (all stylesheets)
 * German Wikipedia (all stylesheets)
 * Swedish Wikipedia (all stylesheets)
 * Wikitech (all stylesheets)
 * testwiki (all stylesheets)

Voir aussi

 * Extension:TemplateStyles, especially the #Caveats section.