Extension:Scribunto/es

La extensión Scribunto (latín: " escribirán/dejales escribir (en futuro)") permite el embebimiento de lenguas de escriptaje (scripting) en MediaWiki.

Actualmente la única lengua de escriptaje soportada es Lua. Los scripts de Scribunto Lua van en un espacio de nombres llamado Módulo.

Licencia
Esta extensión contiene el código de licencia GNU General Public License v2.0 o posterior (GPL-2.0 +), así como el código de licencia MIT License (MIT).

Compatibilidad con la versión PCRE
Se recomienda PCRE 8.33+. Puede ver la versión de PCRE utilizada por PHP al ver una página web de phpinfo, o desde la línea de comando con el siguiente comando:


 * Scribunto no funcionará con versiones de PCRE inferiores a 8.10.
 * PCRE 8.31 tiene errores con el patrón JIT al estudiar que rompe varios patrones cuando se usa con HHVM.
 * PCRE 8.32 tiene un bug que hará que rechace ciertos puntos de código que no son caracteres, lo que provocará errores en el módulo mw.html.

CentOS 6 y RHEL 6 están bloqueados en PCRE 7 y deben actualizarse.

Actualizar a 8.33 en un servidor con una versión anterior puede ser relativamente complicado. Consulte Updating to PCRE 8.33 or Higher para obtener más detalles.

PHP pcntl (LTS)
Las versiones de Scribunto para MediaWiki 1.25 a 1.28 requieren la [extensión https://php.net/pcntl.installation pcntl] de PHP, que solo está disponible en plataformas Unix/Linux, si desea utilizar "LuaStandalone" (es decir, ejecutar en un proceso secundario separado). Este requisito se eliminó en Scribunto para MediaWiki 1.29.

Puede verificar si el soporte de pcntl está habilitado al ver una página web de phpinfo, o desde la línea de comando con el siguiente comando:

Extensión PHP mbstring
PHP necesita tener habilitada la extensión mbstring.

Puede verificar si el soporte de mbstring está habilitado al ver una página web de phpinfo, o desde la línea de comando con el siguiente comando:

Binarios incluidos
Scribunto viene con distribuciones binarias de Lua para Linux (x86 y x86-64), Mac OS X Lion y Windows (32 y 64 bits).

Scribunto debería funcionar para usted desde el primer momento si:


 * 1) Your web server is run on one of the above platforms.
 * 2) PHP's   function is not restricted.
 * 3) Your web server is configured to allow the execution of binary files in the MediaWiki tree.
 * Execute permissions may need to be set; for example, in Linux use
 * If you are using SELinux in "Enforcing" mode on your server, you might need to set a proper context for the binaries. Example for RHEL/CentOS 7:

Binarios adicionales
Additional Lua binary distributions, which may be needed for your web server if its operating system is not in the list above, can be obtained from http://luabinaries.sourceforge.net/ or from your Linux distribution. Only binary files for Lua 5.1.x are supported. Once you've installed the appropriate binary file on your web server, configure the location of the file with:

Note that you should not add the above line unless you've confirmed that Scribunto's built-in binaries don't work for you.

LuaJIT, although theoretically compatible, is not supported. The support was removed due to Spectre and bitrot concerns (T184156).

Integrating extensions
For a more pleasant user interface, with syntax highlighting and a code editor with autoindent, install the following extensions:
 * Extension:WikiEditor
 * Extension:SyntaxHighlight
 * Extension:CodeEditor

(MediaWiki 1.30 or earlier)Then in your LocalSettings.php after all the extension registrations, add:

LuaSandbox
Hemos desarrollado una extensión PHP escrita en C llamada LuaSandbox. Se puede utilizar como una alternativa al binario independiente y proporcionará un rendimiento mejorado. Consulte para obtener detalles e instrucciones de instalación.

Si instaló inicialmente la extensión para usar el binario independiente de Lua, asegúrese de actualizar $ 1 con la siguiente configuración de configuración:

Configuración
Están disponibles las siguientes variables de configuración:
 * $wgScribuntoDefaultEngine : Seleccione el motor. Los valores válidos son las claves en $wgScribuntoEngineConf, que por defecto son 'luasandbox' o 'luastandalone'.
 * $wgScribuntoUseGeSHi : Cuando se instala, establezca esto en verdadero para usarlo al mostrar las páginas del módulo. (MediaWiki 1.30 o anterior).
 * $wgScribuntoUseCodeEditor : Cuando se instala, establezca esto en verdadero para usarlo al editar las páginas del módulo. (MediaWiki 1.30 o anterior).
 * $wgScribuntoEngineConf : Una matriz asociativa para la configuración del motor. Las claves son los valores válidos para $wgScribuntoDefaultEngine y los valores son matrices asociativas de datos de configuración. Cada matriz de configuración debe contener una clave 'class' que nombre la subclase ScribuntoEngineBase que se utilizará.

LuaStandalone
Las siguientes claves se utilizan en $wgScribuntoEngineConf por Scribunto_LuaStandaloneEngine. Generalmente, los configuraría como algo como


 * luaPath: Especifique la ruta a un intérprete de Lua.
 * errorFile:
 * Especifique la ruta a un archivo, que puede escribir el usuario del servidor web, donde se registrará el error y la salida de depuración del intérprete independiente.
 * La salida de error producida por el intérprete independiente no se registra de forma predeterminada. Configure el registro con:


 * memoryLimit: Especifique el límite de memoria en bytes para el intérprete independiente en Linux (se aplica mediante ulimit).
 * cpuLimit: Especifique el límite de tiempo de la CPU en segundos para el intérprete independiente en Linux (se aplica mediante ulimit).
 * allowEnvFuncs: Establezca true para permitir el uso de setfenv y getfenv en módulos.

LuaSandbox
Las siguientes claves se utilizan en $wgScribuntoEngineConf por Scribunto_LuaSandboxEngine. Generalmente, los configuraría como algo como


 * memoryLimit : Especificar el límite de memoria en bytes.
 * cpuLimit : Especifique el límite de tiempo de la CPU en segundos.
 * profilerPeriod : Especifique el tiempo entre sondeos en las secciones del generador de perfiles de Lua.
 * allowEnvFuncs : Establezca true para permitir el uso de setfenv y getfenv en módulos.

Uso
Los scripts van en un nuevo espacio de nombres llamado Módulo. Cada módulo tiene una colección de funciones, que se pueden llamar usando sintaxis de wikitexto como:

Aprendiendo Lua
Lua es un lenguaje de programación simple destinado a ser accesible para principiantes. Para un curso intensivo rápido sobre Lua, prueba Learn Lua in 15 Minutes.

La mejor introducción completa a Lua es el libro Programación en Lua. La primera edición (para Lua 5.0) está disponible en línea y es principalmente relevante para Lua 5.1, la versión utilizada por Scribunto:


 * Programación en Lua (desplácese hacia abajo más allá de los anuncios de libros para encontrar el texto)

El manual de referencia también es útil:

Entorno Lua
En Lua, el conjunto de todas las variables y funciones globales se denomina entorno.

Cada llamada de se ejecuta en un entorno separado. Las variables definidas en un no estarán disponibles en otro. Esta restricción era necesaria para mantener la flexibilidad en la implementación del analizador de wikitexto.

Debug console



 *  See also: 

When editing a Lua module a so called "debug console" can be found underneath the edit form. In this debug console Lua code can be executed without having to save or even create the Lua module in question.

Troubleshooting


Note that red messages are clickable and will provide more detailed information.

When using the LuaStandalone engine (this is the default), errors along the lines of "" may be generated if the standalone Lua interpreter cannot be executed or runs into various runtime errors. To obtain more information, assign a file path to. The interpreter's error output will be logged to the specified file, which should prove more helpful in tracking down the issue. The information in the debug log includes debugging information, which is why there is so much of it. You should be able to ignore any line beginning with "TX" or "RX".

If you're setting up Scribunto and are using IIS/Windows, this appears to be solved by commenting out a particular line.

When using the LuaStandalone engine (this is the default), status 2 suggests memory allocation errors, probably caused by settings that allocate inadequate memory space for PHP or Lua, or both. Assigning a file path to  and examining that output can be valuable in diagnosing memory allocation errors.

Increase PHP allocation in your PHP configuration; add the line. This allocation of 200MB is often sufficient (as of MediaWiki 1.24) but can be increased as required. Set Scribunto's memory allocation in LocalSettings.php as a line: Finally, depending on the server configuration, some installations may be helped by adding another LocalSettings.php line

Note that all 3 memory limits are given in different units.

Lua error: Internal error: 2. on ARM architecture
If you're using an ARM architecture processor like on a RaspberryPi you'll face the error  due to wrong delivered binary format of the Lua interpreter.

check your Lua interpreter in /path/to/webdir/Scribunto/includes/engines/LuaStandalone/binaries/lua5_1_5_linux_32_generic

check the interpreter by using file lua the result should look like lua: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0 the installed default lua interpreter shows lua: ELF 32-bit LSB pie executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux.so.2, for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, look at the "Intel 80386" part what definitely is not correct.

check in  what version of lua is installed on your system. If you have lua5.1 installed you can either copy the interpreter to your lua5_1_5_linux_32_generic directory or set in you LocalSettings.php the

At present don't set  to /usr/bin/lua5.3 it'll lead to the 'Internal error 1'

When using the LuaStandalone engine (this is the default), status 24 suggests CPU time limit errors, although those should be generating a "The time allocated for running scripts has expired" message instead. It would be useful to file a task in Phabricator and participate in determining why the XCPU signal isn't being caught.

When using the LuaStandalone engine (this is the default), errors along the lines of "" may be generated if the standalone Lua interpreter cannot be executed. This generally arises from either of two causes:

Set permissions as described under #Installation. This often occurs with shared hosted servers. Remedies include adjusting  to point to a Lua 5.1 binary installed in an executable location, or adjusting or convincing the shared host to adjust the setting preventing execution.
 * The lua executable file's permissions do not include Execute.
 * The server does not allow execution of files from the place where the executable is installed, e.g. the filesystem is mounted with the 'noexec' flag.

Error condition such as: Fatal exception of type MWException
Check the MediaWiki, PHP, or webserver logs for more details on the exception, or temporarily set to true.

version `GLIBC_2.11' not found
If the above gives you errors such as "version `GLIBC_2.11' not found", it means the version of the standard C library on your system is too old for the binaries provided with Scribunto. You should upgrade your C library, or use a version of Lua 5.1 compiled for the C library you do have installed. To upgrade your C library, your best option is usually to follow your distribution's instructions for upgrading packages (or for upgrading to a new release of the distribution, if applicable).

If you copy the lua binaries from Scribunto master (or from 77905), that should suffice, if you can't or don't want to upgrade your C library. The distributed binaries were recently recompiled against an older version of glibc, so the minimum is now 2.3 rather than 2.11.

Lua errors in Scribunto files
Errors here include:
 * attempt to index field 'text' (a nil value)
 * Lua error in mw.html.lua at line 253: Invalid class given:

If you are getting errors such these when attempting to use modules imported from WMF wikis, most likely your version of Scribunto is out of date. Upgrade if possible; for advanced users, you might also try to identify the needed newer commits and cherry-pick them into your local installation.

preg_replace_callback: Compilation failed: unknown property name after \P or \p at offset 7

 * this usually indicates an incompatible version of PCRE; you’ll need to update to >= 8.10
 * @todo: link to instructions on how to upgrade

Lua error
If you copy templates from Wikipedia and then get big red "Lua error: x" messages where the Scribunto invocation (e.g. the template that uses ) should be, that probably means that you didn't import everything you needed. Make sure that you tick the "Include templates" box at w:Special:Export when you export.

When importing pages from another wiki, it is also possible for templates or modules in the imported data to overwrite existing templates or modules with the same title, which may break existing pages, templates, and modules that depend on the overwritten versions.

Blank screen
Make sure your extension version is applicable to your MediaWiki version.

Design documents

 * Linux.conf.au 2014 - Scribunto presentation.webm's presentation at linux.conf.au 2014 discussing the motivations, implementation challenges and results of deploying Scribunto and Lua.]]

Otras páginas

 * - Wikimedia activity page describing deployment plan to Wikimedia sites
 * - The reference about the Lua language, as well as its standard libraries and common Scribunto modules supported on Wikimedia sites
 * - A list of known changes in Lua 5.2 that may cause code written in 5.1 to function unexpectedly
 * - Code for example extensions extending the Scribunto library.
 * - A list of known changes in Lua 5.2 that may cause code written in 5.1 to function unexpectedly
 * - Code for example extensions extending the Scribunto library.
 * - Code for example extensions extending the Scribunto library.

Véase también

 * General
 * - functionality for the Scribunto extension.
 * commons:Commons:Lua - there may be specific notes for using Lua modules on Wikimedia Commons, including additional Lua extensions installed (e.g. for local support of internationalization and for parsing or playing medias). Some general purpose modules may be reused in other wikis in various languages (except specific tunings for policies, namespaces or project/maintenance pages with dedicated names). If possible, modules that could be widely reused across wikis should be tested and internationalized on Commons.
 * wikipedia:Help:Lua - there may be specific notes for using Lua modules on (English) Wikipedia, including additional Lua extensions installed (including for integrating Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons contents, generating complex infoboxes and navigation boxes, or to facilitate the general administration/maintenance of the wiki contents under applicable policies). Some other localized Wikipedia editions (or other projects such Wiktionnary, Wikisource or Wikinews) may also have their own needs and Lua modules.
 * wikidata:Help:Lua - there may be specific notes for using Lua modules on Wikidata, including additional Lua extensions installed (e.g. for local support of internationalization and for database queries)
 * Extensions
 * - Provides basic Infobox functionality for the Scribunto extension.
 * - provides native support for the Scribunto extension for usage with
 * - provides a Scribunto Lua interface for the Variables extension
 * - Provides Wikibase (part of Wikidata project)