Extension:CheckUser/de


 * Diese Seite behandelt die MediaWiki-Erweiterung. Zu den CheckUser-Richtlinien der Wikimedia Foundation siehe hier.

CheckUser is an extension that allows a user (with the checkuser permission) to check which IPs are used by a given username and which usernames are used by a given IP, without having to run queries directly against the database by hand. The extension is running live on all Wikimedia wikis.

Installation
The extension is released under the GNU General Public License 2.0 or later. The software is provided as-is. Updates will be made according to the needs of Wikimedia wikis; or where critical vulnerabilities are discovered.

Grundlagen

 * 1) Download the files (using snapshot, or directly from SVN) to the extensions directory, e.g. put the unzipped CheckUser folder in YourWikiSite/wiki/extensions.
 * 2) * If you are using MW 1.5–1.9, you need an older version.
 * 3) * If you are using MW 1.10-1.13, you need a slightly newer version.
 * 4) Using a  telnet/ssh client program such as PuTTY, navigate to the extensions/CheckUser folder and run php install.php
 * 5) *If you are running a version of Mediawiki prior to 1.16, AdminSettings.php (in your root MediaWiki directory) will need to have a valid username and password set for access to the database.
 * 6) Add   somewhere in LocalSettings.php.

Installing without command prompt access
Many hosting providers don't allow direct shell access, but allow creation of cron jobs (e.g. via cPanel web interface). For those hosting providers a temporary cron job can be used to run php /path/to/install.php (naturally /path/to should be replaced with real full path to install.php).

If you are using a remote server and do not have command prompt access (nor cron job solution is suitable for you), but do have access through phpMyAdmin, substitute these steps for step #2 above:


 * 1) Download cu_changes.sql and cu_log.sql
 * 2) In phpMyAdmin, click the database you're using for mediawiki along the left side
 * 3) On the next screen, click the "SQL" tab at the top.
 * 4) At "Location of the text file", choose one of the files, select compression "None", and click the bottom "Go" button.
 * If your phpMyAdmin screen has only a text field and no text file chooser, click the "SQL" button in the left-side column, under the phpMyAdmin logo, and click the "import files" tab in the new window that opens.
 * 1) Repeat for the second file

Konfiguration
This tool migrates recent changes data to a separate  table, and adds to that when new entries are added. If $wgPutIPinRC was previously set to false, there will be no initial data to search but new edits will fill in as soon as the extension is set up.

After you run the queries, you can reduce $wgRCMaxAge to make recentchanges shorter, without affecting checkuser. Use $wgCUDMaxAge</tt> to set how far back checkuser data can go.

CheckUsers using FireFox can add this JS script to their .js file. It makes retrieving IP WHOIS data easier. It requires  support (about:config) enabled. (This can be  in FireFox 3)

CheckUser-Rechte verleihen
To grant the right to use the Check User function, a user with User rights management must go to Special:UserRights and enter the user's name in the box, then select the option "Check User." Once this is done, the Check User option will show up on the Special pages page for that user. To turn on User Rights Management for sysops, put $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['userrights'] = true; into LocalSettings.php.

Normalansicht

 * 1) Go to Special:CheckUser.
 * 2) In the user field, type in the username (without the 'user:' prefix), IP address, or CIDR range.
 * 3) * IP: any IPv4 or IPv6 address.
 * 4) * CIDR: you can check a range of IP addresses by appending the CIDR prefix (up to /16 for IPv4 or /64 for IPv6, or 65,536 addresses). For notation, see Range blocks.
 * 5) * XFF: you can check a client IP address provided by X-Forwarded-For headers by appending /xff (for example, 127.0.0.1/xff).
 * 6) Select the information you want to retrieve.
 * 7) * Get IPs: returns IP addresses used by a registered user.
 * 8) * Get edits from IP: returns all edits made by a user (registered or anonymous) from an IP address or range.
 * 9) * Get users: returns user accounts that have edited from an IP or range.
 * 10) In the reason field, type in the reason you are accessing the confidential data. Try to succinctly summarise the situation (for example, "cross-wiki spam"); this will be logged.

Ausgegebene Informationen
Ein typischer Eintrag in den CheckUser-Ergebnissen für eine Benutzerzusammenfassung ("zeige Benutzer") sieht folgendermaßen aus:
 * Beispiel (Diskussion | Beiträge) (20:11, -- 20:12, ) [5]
 * 127.0.0.37 XFF: 127.0.0.1, 127.0.0.5


 * Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.0.11) Gecko/20070312 Firefox/1.5.0.11

Diese Ausgaben sind so formatiert, dass eine Menge Informationen in eine kompakte Zeile passt, wodurch sie für den ungeübten Benutzer schwer zu lesen sind. Hier eine Erläuterung der ausgegeben Informationen:
 * Benutzername (Diskussion | Beiträge) (Zeitrahmen, in welchem der Benutzer editiert hat) [Beitragszahl des Beutzers]
 * IP-Adresse editierte per XFF: XFF-Daten (können täuschend sein)

Jede IP/XFF-Kombination, die zum Editieren verwendet wurde, wird aufgelistet, in Reihenfolge der Benutzung.

Die letzten zehn User-Agent-Daten (Browser, Betriebssystem, Systemsprache, Softwareversionen) jedes Benutzers, der mit der IP oder des IP-Bereichs editiert hat, werden darunter aufgeführt.

XFF-Format
XFF (X-Forwarded-For) headers indicate the series of IP addresses used from the user's computer (first) to the server hosting MediaWiki (last).

In this example: aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa       XFF: 10.4.46.42, 127.0.0.1, aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa, 208.80.152.46


 * the first two addresses (10.4.46.42, 127.0.0.1) are private to the originating network and can't be reached directly from the public Internet,
 * the third address (aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa) is the "public face" of the editor, usually a broadband or dialup ISP, a company gateway, (but possibly an anonymizer or a malware-compromised server),
 * the last address (208.80.152.46) is one of the Wikimedia squids (sq36.wikimedia.org).