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Il nostro mondo è un pianeta ove gli essere umani hanno formato molte società.

Nessuno sa se esistono esseri intelligenti su altri pianeti. Ci sono all'incirca un quadrilione (1024) di pianeti nell'universo.

Gli autori ogni tanto inventano nuove parole. Loro usano queste parole come impostazione per le loro storie. Qualche autore inventa pianeti che hanno qualcosa di magico.



Letteratura mondiale
La letteratura mondiale è letteratura che viene letta da molte persone attorno al mondo. La letteratura mondiale è differente dalla letteratura nazionale.

Sono sempre più convinto che la poesia sia il possesso universale dell'umanità, che si rivela ovunque ed in ogni momento in centinaia e centinaia di uomini. . . . Mi piace quindi guardarmi intorno in nazioni straniere, e consigliare a tutti di fare altrettanto. National literature is now a rather unmeaning term; the epoch of world literature is at hand. – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1827



I mondi nella letteratura


Creating a different world is a literary device used by authors to illustrate ideas. By placing the story in the setting of a different world, the author can change the way that things happen. For example, the author might imagine a world that has very little water or a world that has very little dry land. Deciding what a world looks like and how the world works is called world-building. Thinking about their world helps the author make good choices about what happens to the characters in the story. Some authors think about many details, such as what languages the characters speak and what the architecture is on the world.



I mondi nella finzione
Science fiction stories often use different worlds. Frank Herbert's famous Dune series focused on a world called Arrakis, which produced a very rare and very important spice.

Often a science-fiction story will involve multiple worlds. The Foundation series by Isaac Asimov was set in a galaxy with thousands of populated worlds. Asimov wrote the first books in the 1950s. In 1982, he published another book, called Foundation's Edge (ISBN 0385177259). The Star Wars movies had a several important worlds, and characters traveled between them. Some authors of science fiction worlds try to make them scrupulously obey the laws of physics.



Mondi di fantasia
Fantasy worlds are fictional worlds that use magic. This magic may involve saying magic words, using magical objects, or performing magical rituals.

Musica
La musica è scritta, cantata e suonata intorno al mondo.

La musica può essere semplicemente cantata per bambini, come questa:

La musica può essere parte di una complessa sinfonia. Questa partitura mostra parte di un famoso tema della sinfonia n. 9 in re maggiore di Ludwig Van Beethoven:



Idiomi nel mondo
The Egyptians used pictures to write their language. The pictures are called hieroglyphics. This is what they look like:

Once upon a time, Greek and Latin were spoken by most traders in the Western world. Before then, traders learned the languages of nearby cities. Ancient traders did not travel around the world.

Some languages are spoken in many parts of the world. These are called world languages. As of 2015, English is the most common world language. Previously, French was the most popular language in the West. Chinese was used by traders in all of East Asia for centuries. Arabic is common in the Middle East, Northern Africa, and other parts of the world.



Sanità mondiale
The World Health Organisation (French: Organisation mondiale de la santé ) is an international organisation for public health. It is part of the United Nations. The World Health Organisation began in 1948. Its goal is for everyone in the world to be healthy and safe. It studies public health and tells governments and other organisations how to help people become healthy.

The organisation counts the number of people with health problems. These health problems include influenza, HIV infection, and depression. It also counts the number of people who have other problems, such as dirty water, hunger, and violence.

Mental health is also important. People with mental health problems such as depression often die ten years early.

The World Bank is also interested in health. Poor health affects the economy of a country.

Poesia
This poem by John Donne mentions the world:

Her death hath taught us dearly that thou art Corrupt and mortal in thy purest part. Let no man say, the world itself being dead, 'Tis labour lost to have discovered The world's infirmities, since there is none Alive to study this dissection; For there's a kind of world remaining still, Though she which did inanimate and fill The world, be gone...

The entire poem can be read at Wikisource.



La forma del nostro pianeta
Our world is not a perfect sphere. It is slightly flattened.

The mathematical formula for measuring the flatness of a sphere is

$$\begin{align} f&=\frac{a-b}{a}. \end{align} $$

For our world, $f\,\!$ is approximately 0.3%. The Moon is rounder. For the Moon, $f\,\!$ is approximately 0.1%. Jupiter is flatter. For Jupiter, $f\,\!$ is approximately 6.5%.



Pianeti locali
Il nostro mondo è un pianeta. Ci sono vari tipi di pianeti nel sistema solare:


 * Pianeti terrestri
 * Pianeti giganti
 * Giganti gassosi
 * Giganti ghiacciati
 * Pianeti nani
 * Dwarf planets

Questi sono i pianeti noti nel sistema solare ed alcuni dei loro satelliti naturali:


 * Quattro pianeti terrestri
 * Mercurio
 * Venere
 * Terra
 * Un satellite naturale, denominato Luna
 * Marte
 * Due satelliti, denominati Fobos e Deimos
 * Un pianeta nano nella fascia degli asteroidi
 * Cerere
 * Two satellites, called Phobos and Deimos
 * One dwarf planet in the asteroids belt
 * Ceres
 * Due giganti gassosi
 * Giove
 * Quattro satelliti grandi, denominati Io, Europa, Ganimede e Callisto
 * altri 75 satelliti noti
 * Saturno
 * 62 satelliti noti, alcuni molto piccoli,
 * sette grandi, il più grande, denominato Titano, è più grande di Mercurio ed è il più grande satellite naturale noto appartenente al sistema solare.
 * Due giganti di ghiaccio
 * Urano
 * 5 satelliti grandi
 * altri 22 satelliti noti
 * Nettuno
 * Un satellite grande, denominato Tritone
 * Altri 13 satelliti noti
 * Quattro pianeti nani nella fascia di Kuiper
 * Plutone
 * Cinque satelliti, denominati Caronte, Stige, Notte, Cerbero ed Idra
 * Haumea
 * Makemake
 * Eris

Note


Collegamenti esterni

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