Manual:Block and unblock/ja

管理者は、IP アドレス (および、利用者名のブロックが有効の場合は登録利用者のアカウント) を、編集、ファイルのアップロード、ページの移動ができないようにブロックおよびブロック解除できます (ページの保護、保護解除、削除、復元のような権限が付与されている場合).

ブロック
ブロックは、特別ページ Special:Block にあるフォームで適用できます. There are several steps to applying a block:


 * 1) ブロックする IP アドレスまたは利用者を指定します.  ブロックしたい IP アドレス、またはブロックしたい登録済み利用者アカウントの利用者名を、フォームの「」欄に入力します.  存在しない利用者もブロックできることにご注意ください. そのため利用者名が正しいことを確認してください.  IP アドレスの範囲 (range) もブロックできます. 手順は  を参照してください.
 * 2) Specify the parameters of the block. Select the actions that the block target should be prevented from completing. A  block prevents the block target from editing all pages on the wikis, while a  block prevents the block target from editing the specified pages and/or pages inside the specified namespaces.
 * 3) ブロックの期間を指定します.  「」というラベルのドロップダウン ボックスからあらかじめ定義された期間を選択できます. 「その他の期間」欄にGNU の標準書式を使用してカスタム値を入力することもできます.  期間を「無期限」にすると、管理者が IP アドレスまたは利用者を管理者がブロック解除しない限り、ブロックが期限切れになりません.
 * 4) ブロックの理由を指定します (省略可能).  この理由は、ブロックされた利用者がページの編集を試みた際にその画面に表示されます.

ブロックを適用するには「」をクリックします. ブロックはすべてブロック記録に記録され、現在有効なブロックはすべて有効なブロックの一覧に列挙されます.

さらに、Special:Block でのブロックしたい IP アドレスまたは利用者アカウントの手作業での入力について、IP アドレスまたは利用者アカウントの「利用者」または「利用者 トーク」ページを閲覧している際にサイドバー内のツールボックスから「」リンクをたどることでも手作業での入力を回避できます. 最近の更新の一覧またはページの履歴で、IP アドレスまたは利用者アカウント名の次の「」リンクをクリックすることでもブロックできます.

ブロックのオプション
Several extra blocking options were added in version 1.8 of MediaWiki, which are enabled by checking a check box on the blocking form.


 * 匿名利用者のみをブロック (別名 ソフトブロック): This option changes the effect of a block when blocking an IP address. When it is enabled, the block will only affect anonymous users editing from that IP address; registered users editing from that IP address will not be affected. The option has no effect on a block of a registered user, but does on an autoblock caused by it.
 * アカウント作成をブロック: This option changes the effect of a block when blocking a user or an IP address. When it is enabled, the registration of new user accounts from that IP address will be disabled while the block is in effect.
 * Automatically block the last IP address used by this user, and any subsequent addresses they try to edit from (also called hardblocking): This option changes the effect of a block when blocking a registered user account. When it is enabled, the IP address most recently used by the account, and any IP addresses that the account subsequently attempts to edit from will be automatically blocked.

Partial blocks
Since MediaWiki 1.33, it is possible to prohibits the block target from making changes only to the specified pages and/or all pages in namespaces. If a page is moved, the restriction will be switched to the new title. Currently non-existent ("redlink") pages cannot be blocked, and setting multiple overlapping blocks with different expiration dates is not supported.

In MediaWiki 1.33 and 1.34, partial block is disabled by default. It may be enabled by setting.

Since MediaWiki 1.35, partial blocks are always enabled and can not be disabled. You may hide partial blocks form elements by adding some JS or CSS to user or site common.js/common.css. This does not disable partial blocks which may still be set via API.

ブロック解除
An IP address or registered user account can be unblocked via the list of active blocks. Find the IP address or registered user account you wish to unblock in the list (you can enter the address or name in the "" field to help you find the entry), and click the "" link displayed to the right of the block's expiry time.

これにより確認ページに遷移します. ブロック解除する理由を「」欄に入力し (省略可能)、「」をクリックしてブロックを解除します. ブロック解除は、すべてブロック記録に記録されます.

範囲がブロックされている場合は、その範囲全体のブロック解除のみ有効であることにご注意ください. ブロックされている範囲内の個別の IP アドレスを、ブロック解除しようと試みても効果はありません.

Effects of being blocked
Blocked users may still read pages, but they may not create, edit or move pages, or upload files. Partially blocked users may not edit the particular pages or namespaces specified in their block, but may create, edit or move other pages, and may upload files. Users with certain other user rights may not be able to use those rights when they are blocked, depending on their block. For example, users with the rights to delete and undelete or protect and unprotect pages will not be able to do so if they are sitewide blocked. If they are partially blocked, then for any page they are not blocked from, they will still be able to perform these actions. However, users with the rights to block and unblock users will still be able to do so when they are blocked, including any blocks on their own account, given that they have the  right.

Users who are blocked and attempt to edit a page (or move a page, or upload a file) will see the "Your account or IP address has been blocked" message informing them that they have been blocked.

If the autoblock option has been enabled with respect to a block, and the blocked user attempts to edit (or move a page, or upload a file), the IP address being used by that user will also be blocked.

Configuration settings related to blocking
The configuration options below can be set in and can be used to enable or disable certain aspects of the blocking interface.
 * - controls how many seconds need to pass until a block on an "autoblocked" IP address will expire. The default is 86400 seconds (one day)
 * - controls whether or not a blocked user is able to edit their own user talk page. 現在 (1.26以降)、これの既定値は true です. The ability to disable the ability of a blocked user to edit their own user talk page, when this variable is true, is an option available in Special:Block.
 * and the blockemail user right control the ability for sysops to prevent users from using the Special:EmailUser interface.  の既定値は true です.
 * - controls if blocked users will be allowed to login. これの既定値は false です.
 * - (1.29+) determines whether to set a cookie when a user is autoblocked. Doing so means that a blocked user, even after logging out and moving to a new IP address, will still be blocked. これの既定値は false です.
 * - (1.33+) - allow the creation of partial blocks, which can block a user account, IP address or IP range from particular pages, namespaces or actions. This is false by default.
 * The hideuser user right controls the ability for sysops to prevent a blocked user from appearing in the block log, the active block list, and the user list.

MediaWiki: ページ

 * MediaWiki:ipboptions - contains a list of suggested block durations
 * MediaWiki:ipb-default-expiry - allows customization of the default duration in the blocking form (if left unchanged, the default duration is "other")
 * More blocking-related interface messages

URL パラメーター
Special:Block accepts some URL parameters to prepopulate the HTML form:


 * - 利用者名/IP アドレス
 * - the type of block restriction (=sitewide or =partial)
 * - the pages to block (only applies for partial blocks; separate multiple pages with %0A; maximum 10 pages)
 * - IDs of the namespaces to block (only applies for partial blocks; separate multiple namespaces with %0A; see for a list of blockable namespace IDs)
 * - 有効期限
 * - autoblock setting (=1 or =0)
 * - hard block setting (=1 or =0)
 * - prevent account creation (=1 or =0)
 * - reason, from selection of MediaWiki:Ipbreason-dropdown
 * - prepopulating "other reason" text field

フック

 * - occurs whenever the software receives a request to block an IP address or user
 * - occurs after the request to block an IP or user has been processed
 * - fired after the user's getBlockStatus is set

関連項目

 * , the database table that stores details of blocked IP addresses and users
 * - for allowing multi-wiki blocking of IP addresses and ranges
 * - for allowing multi-wiki blocking of IP addresses and ranges