Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Language switching/ja

デスクトップ改善プロジェクトの一部として、私たちは他の言語のwikiに切り替える新しい方法を導入しようとしています. 私たちの目標は、言語切替機能をすべてのユーザーにとって見つけやすいものにすることです. 第2の目標は、各プロジェクトで非常に多数の言語が利用できることを読者に知らせることで、Wikimediaプロジェクト全体に対する理解を改善することです.

リリースの日程
We have been working on these changes throughout Q3 and in Q4 of the 2020/2021 fiscal year (January - April 2020) and are hoping to deploy our first iterations in May 2021. We will be deploying the changes by default to our early adopter wikis. The changes will also be available to all logged-in users that have opted into the new experience.

Feature description and requirements

 * 1) Language options will be available via a clearly-marked button on the top of the page, in-line with the article title.
 * 2) Selecting the language button will open the list of languages that will contain the suggested languages for each user, as well as a full list of all available languages for that article. The list will also contain entry points to language display settings, and language input settings.
 * 3) The original language list will no longer appear on the sidebar.
 * 4) The new location of the button will require changes to the header of the page, in particular, some changes to the location of page indicators.
 * 5) We will have a non-JavaScript fallback which will display the full list of all languages for users that do not have JS access.

Testing with editors
In December 2019, we published a prototype of the first few features of the desktop improvements project for community feedback. The prototype presented a collapsible version of the sidebar, a max-width constraint on the content, and a more prominent location for the language switcher. We received detailed, thoughtful feedback from over 200 logged-in users, across five languages.

Overall, most users preferred the new location of the language selector - they reported it was easier to find than the previous location. People who used the language selector often reported that it would be faster for them to switch languages. A number of users also reported that the new location is more intuitive as it follows a pattern that other multilingual sites use.

While many people noted that the new position of the language switcher was easier to find, they also expressed concern about having an extra click in order to switch languages, especially for cases where people expect to switch frequently. We are currently considering adding single-click functionality for the most-frequently used languages. The sketch below represents some of our current ideas:

Testing with readers
In January - May, 2020 we worked with Hureo, a user research firm based in India, to perform a user study on how new and casual readers use the desktop interface of Wikipedia. The study was separated in two phases, with the first phase focusing on primarily English readers, and the second phase on bilingual and non-English readers. The goal of the study was to understand the experience of new and casual readers and to identify the main issues new and frequent readers had with the current site.

Both the group of participants reading in regional languages, as well as the group of participants reading in English, were overall unaware that we provide language switching functionality within the page. Most of the readers surveyed would access articles on multiple languages by searching for the article via a search engine.

When interacting with a prototype of the new location of the language switching functionality, both new and casual readers preferred the new location.

より詳しくは、完全なレポートで確認できます.

usertesting.comでの初期テスト
We performed user testing comparing the current placement of interlanguage links (in the sidebar) with the proposed location in the article header. The goal of these tests was to determine if people can find and use the language switching capability faster than the previous location. The results of the tests confirmed our hypothesis - participants in the test group (new location) we able to find the language switcher quicker than participants in the control group (old location). Based on these results, we plan on continuing to explore moving the language selector to this location as a part of the desktop improvements project. More details are available in our full report.

アイコンのテスト
As far as we know there is no "standard", globally recognized language icon. The icon that we use currently in Vector, Minerva, and Timeless features a Latin "A" character and a Chinese "文" character (which means "language"). On Phabricator, there is a discussion, including some history, about the icon.

After further discussion we determined that the only other strong candidate for a language icon is a globe 🌐. We ran a simple test on usertesting.com to try and understand if the globe icon is more or less obvious as a language icon than the one we currently use (we can call it the character icon). Out of 40, multilingual participants: 35 guessed the character icon was for switching languages, and 13 guessed the globe icon was for switching languages (people were able to guess that both icons were for languages, thus the total number of guesses is more than the number of people in the test). These results are not statistically significant, however they help inform two assumptions:


 * 1) 言語のアイコンとしては、地球のアイコンは文字のアイコンよりおそらくより明らかであることはない.
 * 2) アイコンに加えて、可能であるかぎりは"languages"というラベルを使用するべきである（なぜなら、~13%の人々は文字のアイコンを言語の切り替えと関連付けなかったからである）.

結論: さらなるテストを行うまでは、文字のアイコンを使い続ける.

定量的テスト
私たちは、コントロールバージョン（現在のインターフェイス）とテストバージョン（ボタンのインターフェイス）で、言語切替の頻度を測定するA/Bテストを実施する計画を行っています.

制限
Main pages don't have page headings. We need to find an alternative solution/location for presenting the language switcher (or language links) on Main pages. Many Main pages already have language links panels on them. Maybe we use these as inspiration for possible solutions? We have setup a task in Phabricator for a discussion.

関連する作業
The Language Team is working on the Universal Language Selector. Once they have finished we will be replacing the current ULS with their updated one. The updated ULS will, among other improvements, feature support for language variants.