How to become a MediaWiki hacker/nl

Dit artikel is geschreven om ontwikkelaars de basisvaardigheden te leren die nodig zijn bij het bijdragen aan de ontwikkeling van MediaWiki core en MediaWiki extensies.

De manier om te beginnen met Wikimedia development is het bijdragen aan Wikimedia projecten die begeleiding aan bieden. Een alternatief voor deze mentoring is het oplossen van een fout in de software, een bug.

Als u al een ervaren ontwikkelaar bent en al eigen bent met het gebruik van de MediaWiki, ga dan naar .

Voor andere manieren om in de Wikimedia community te komen: .

Overzicht
MediaWiki is de software achter Wikipedia, de zusterprojecten en duizenden wiki's overal op de wereld.

Het meeste van MediaWiki en de extensies zijn geschreven in de programmeertaal PHP. Er wordt JavaScript gebruikt voor het zorgen voor een interactieve interface met elementen als jQuery en Vue.js als cliënt JavaScript libraries.

Enkele hulpmiddelen zijn geschreven in andere talen zoals batch-bestanden, shell scripts, makefiles en Python.

MediaWiki is voornamelijk geschreven voor het LAMP platform en kan op de meeste besturingssystemen worden uitgevoerd. MediaWiki gebruikt voornamelijk de MySQL of MariaDB database server.

De ontwikkeling is in een open source stijl, het wordt grotendeels online gecoördineerd met ondersteuning van de Wikimedia Foundation, waarbij ook de vrijwillige ontwikkelaars van de gemeenschap een grote rol spelen.


 * Discussies over de ontwikkeling gebeurt op,  en IRC kanalen. De belangrijkste lijst voor ontwikkelaars is wikitech-l. Voor IRC kanalen zijn dat  en.
 * De broncode staat op en wordt met Git revisie beheerssysteem beheerd, het kan worden  bekeken
 * Het beoordelen van de code wordt via gedaan en dat kan hier worden bekeken. Volg deze tutorial om Git en Gerrit te installeren om patches te kunnen doorgeven.
 * Bugrapporten en functieverzoeken zijn aanwezig, projecten worden gecoördineerd op en kunnen hier worden bekeken



Een taak vinden of aanmaken
Before you ever develop a feature or fix a bug in a MediaWiki project, it is important that you do your research about it. This includes:


 * 1) Search Phabricator if an open or closed Task (Document Types field) already exists. If it doesn't, create one. If this is a very small change, don't create one.
 * 2) Find and investigate the code that needs to be changed to implement the feature. Comment your findings on the Phabricator Task if they might be helpful to others who implement it or review your changes.
 * 3) Determine if you can likely add the feature or fix the bug based the code you investigated and the changes needed. If the task is large or complex, you should find something easier and work your way up to eventually be able to handle tasks of that size. If you believe you can complete it, assign yourself to the Task and begin working on it.

Set up your development environment
Once you have found something you can work on, the next step to developing MediaWiki or an extension is creating an environment to run MediaWiki, its database, and any other external features so that you can develop and test them.

You can install and develop MediaWiki on Linux, Windows, or macOS using any of the three solutions below.

Docker

 * MediaWiki Docker – Run MediaWiki using Docker.

Docker is a good option if you want to setup a MediaWiki installation quickly and are not planning on installing many extensions.

You can also try the mwcli tool which sets up Docker with a few simple commands and provides basic orchestration functionality between MediaWiki, MySQL, ElasticSearch, Memcached, and other types of containers.

Vagrant

 * MediaWiki Vagrant – Run MediaWiki on a Linux virtual machine using Vagrant.

Vagrant allows you start a MediaWiki instance you can develop as well as allowing you to add and develop any of 250+ extensions - all with a single command.

This saves you installation and configuration time compared to manually adding extensions in a Docker or local installation, but it runs a bit slower than the other two options.



Lokale installatie
MediaWiki can be developed by installing it and its dependencies locally on your system.

It will take much more time to set up than Docker or Vagrant.


 * 1)  — Check hardware requirements and install dependencies
 * 2)  — Download op Git de meest recente broncode.
 * 3)  — Ga verder met de installatie en de initiële configuratie.
 * 4) Set up the various debug modes in your environment to display warning and errors early.



Open een tekstverwerker voor code
The two recommended code editors for editing MediaWiki are VSCode and PhpStorm. VSCode is free and PhpStorm is paid, however, you can acquire a PhpStorm license for free if you are a student by linking your GitHub Education account to your JetBrains account, or by requesting a license granted to Wikimedia.

To determine which editor you should install and use, know that all-around, PhpStorm has more and more-powerful features than VSCode. However, PhpStorm takes significantly longer to load on start than VSCode as it builds an index of the entire repository whereas VSCode progressively loads. Therefore, VSCode is typically useful for file-viewing sessions or small changes and PhpStorm for larger changes. It makes sense to have both installed for these reasons.

To develop the MediaWiki codebase that is inside a Docker container you can establish a remote connection to it and open the MediaWiki folder inside it using VSCode or PhpStorm.



Code aanpassen en testen
Change the code and view your changes by reloading your MediaWiki browser tab. Make sure to follow. Write and run tests on your code to make sure it works and is formatted properly.

Note, you can save time by ensuring your changes will be accepted before taking the time to write tests. Create a patch without needed tests and ask for someone to review it stating that you will add tests after they review it.

Create a patch
Finally, to submit your code to be reviewed and added to the repository you are contributing to, follow.



PHP
MediaWiki is in PHP geschreven, u dient daar dus in thuis te zijn om hier te kunnen programmeren.


 * Leer PHP
 * PHP tutorial — Beschikbaar in veel verschillende talen. Als u niet thuis bent in PHP maar wel in andere object-geörienteerde programmeertalen, dan zal PHP eenvoudig te leren zijn.
 * PHP Programmeren op Wikibooks.
 * PHP op Wikiversity.


 * PHP bronnen:
 * De PHP handleiding — Beschikbaar in veel verschillende talen.
 * PHP coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Dingen om te weten:
 * The script  in MediaWiki provides a basic PHP interpreter with MediaWiki objects and classes loaded.
 * Also, the script  in MediaWiki is a replacement of   based on PsySH, see

Database
Many features require some amount of database manipulation, so you'll often need to be familiar with MySQL/MariaDB.


 * Leer MySQL/MariaDB
 * MySQL tutorial — Uit de MySQL referentie handleiding.
 * MySQL op Wikibooks.


 * MySQL/MariaDB resources
 * MySQL Referentie handleiding — Beschikbaar in veel verschillende talen.
 * MariaDB Knowledge Base
 * Database coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Dingen om te weten:
 * Test your code with MySQL/MariaDB.
 * MediaWiki currently uses MySQL and MariaDB as the primary database back-end. It also supports other DBMSes, such as PostgreSQL and SQLite. However, almost all developers use MySQL/MariaDB and don't test other DBs, which consequently break on a regular basis. You're therefore advised to use MySQL/MariaDB when testing patches, unless you're specifically trying to improve support for another DB. In the latter case, make sure you're careful not to break MySQL/MariaDB (or write queries that are horribly inefficient in it), since MySQL/MariaDB is what everybody else uses.



JavaScript en CSS
JavaScript and CSS have become omnipresent in front-end code. You don't have to be familiar with JavaScript, jQuery and CSS to work on MediaWiki, but you might need to, depending on what you choose to work on.


 * Leer JavaScript en CSS
 * JavaScript and CSS at Wikibooks.
 * Beginnen met jQuery — A jQuery tutorial.
 * Learning JavaScript — references and sources.


 * JavaScript and CSS resources
 * JavaScript coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.
 * CSS coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.

MediaWiki
The MediaWiki code base is large and some parts are ugly; don't be overwhelmed by it. When you're first starting off, aim to write features or fix bugs which only touch a small region of code.


 * MediaWiki basics and must-reads :
 *  — A high-level overview of the main components of MediaWiki and how they work with each other.
 *  — An overview of why and how to write secure code.


 * MediaWiki resources :
 * — A list of important files and links to more detailed information.
 * — A list of hooks. If you're trying to find what part of the codebase does something, often a good place to start is by searching for the related hooks.
 * — An overview of general coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Code documentation ( class reference ) — Automatically generated documentation from the code and code comments.
 * — A guide to debugging MediaWiki.
 * — A tool to interact with MediaWiki objects live.



MediaWiki extensies
If you choose to work on MediaWiki extensions code, the following links provide more information.


 * MediaWiki extensions basics:
 * Developing extensions — How to write an extension for MediaWiki.
 * Extension writing tutorial


 * MediaWiki extensions resources:
 * Best practices for extensions
 * A brief introduction to MediaWiki extension development — A video presentation about how to create a MediaWiki extension (slides).
 * Making a MediaWiki extension — Covers how to develop an extension for MediaWiki, best practices, and how to engage the MediaWiki community. Van februari 2011.
 * Help for extension developers on the Developer Hub

MediaWiki skins
is helpful if you choose to work on MediaWiki skins.



Zie ook

 * Search for code across repositories
 * – When you've thoroughly read the information in this article, it's time to move on to the information in the developer hub.