Help:Extension:ParserFunctions/ja

拡張機能は「」を補完する MediaWiki に既存の11のパーサ関数を提供します. (文字列処理のために追加のパーサ関数を提供するように設定が可能です. ここでいう文字列関数の説明文書はを参照してください. ) これらパーサ関数は次の形式で提供します.

#expr
この関数は、数式を計算してその計算結果を返します. この関数は 関数を介してでも使えます.



表の右欄は使用できる演算子で、上ほど優先順位が高いものです. 各演算子の機能の詳細は計算のヘルプを参照してください. 出力結果の精度と形式には幅があり、Wikiを実行するサーバーのOSバージョン、サイト表示言語の数値形式の影響を受けます.

When evaluating using, zero evaluates to , and any nonzero value, positive or negative, evaluates to  :



空の入力式は空の文字列を返します. 無効な式はいくつかのエラー メッセージのうちのいずれかを返します. このエラーは  関数を使用して捕捉できます:



The order of addition and subtraction operands before or after a number is meaningful and may be treated as a positive or negative value instead of as an operand with an erroneous input:



Note, if using the output of magic words, you must raw-format them in order to remove commas and translate the numerals. For example, results in, where we want 0, which can be obtained using. This is especially important in some languages, where numerals are translated. For example, in Bengali, produces ৩০,০৬১.



丸め
Rounds off the number on the left to a multiple of 1/10 raised to a power, with the exponent equal to the truncated value of the number given on the right.

切り上げや切り捨てを行なうには、それぞれ単項の  と   を使用してください.

文字列
Expressions only work with number-like values, they cannot compare strings or characters. can be used instead.



#if
この関数はテスト文字列を評価し、それが空であるかどうかを判定します. 空白のみを含むテスト文字列は空であると見做されます.





この関数は、初めに最初の引数が空でないか確かめます. 最初の引数が空でない場合、2 番目の引数を表示します. 最初の引数が空または空白文字（空白、改行等）のみを含む場合、3 番目の引数を表示します.



テスト文字列は常に純粋なテキストとして評価されます. そのため数式は評価されません:



最後の引数（偽）は省略可能です:



The function may be nested. To do so, nest the inner #if function in its full form in place of a parameter of the enclosing #if function. Up to seven levels of nesting is possible, although that may depend on the wiki or a memory limit.


 * 1) if 文において引数をテスト文字列として用いることも可能です. 変数名の後には （パイプ記号）を追加する必要があります.



このパーサー関数の他の例については を参照してください.

#ifeq
This parser function compares two input strings, determines whether they are identical, and returns one of two strings based on the result. If more comparisons and output strings are required, consider using.



If both strings are valid numerical values, the strings are compared numerically:



それ以外は文字列として比較します. その場合は大文字小文字を識別します.


 * →  (compare to similar example above, without the quotes)
 * →  (compare to similar example above, with   returning a valid number first)
 * →  (compare to similar example above, without the quotes)
 * →  (compare to similar example above, with   returning a valid number first)

As a practical example, consider an existing   using the parser to choose between two standard times, short and long. It takes the parameter as the first input to compare against the string "short" – there is no convention for the order, but it is simpler to read if the parameter goes first. The template code is defined as:



the following ensue:


 * → 20
 * → 40
 * → 40

#iferror
この関数は入力文字列を取り、2つの結果から1つを返します. この関数は、  や   や   のような他のパーサー関数、ループや再帰のようなテンプレートエラー、その他の「フェースソフト」なパーサーエラーによって作られた   を含む HTML オブジェクトが入力文字列に含まれていた場合に   と評価します.



返値の文字列の一方または両方が省略できます. もし  の文字列が省略されていた場合、エラーがないのであれば   が返されます. の文字列も省略されていた場合は、エラー時にから文字列が返されます.


 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;

#ifexpr
This function evaluates a mathematical expression and returns one of two strings depending on the boolean value of the result:



The  input is evaluated exactly as for   above, with the same operators being available. The output is then evaluated as a boolean expression.

An empty input expression evaluates to :



As mentioned above, zero evaluates to  and any nonzero value evaluates to , so this function is equivalent to one using   and   only:



except for an empty or wrong input expression (an error message is treated as an empty string; it is not equal to zero, so we get ).

comparing

Either or both the return values may be omitted; no output is given when the appropriate branch is left empty:



#ifexist
This function takes an input string, interprets it as a page title, and returns one of two values depending on whether or not the page exists on the local wiki.



The function evaluates to  if the page exists, whether it contains content, is visibly blank (contains meta-data such as category links or, but no visible content), is blank, or is a. Only pages that are redlinked evaluate to, including if the page used to exist but has been deleted.



The function evaluates to  for  that have been customized, and for  that are defined by the software.



If a page checks a target using, then that page will appear in the  list for the target page. So if the code  were included live on this page, /Foo will list.

On wikis using a shared media repository,  can be used to check if a file has been uploaded to the repository but not to the wiki itself:

If a local description page has been created for the file, the result is exists for all of the above.

does not work with interwiki links.

ifexistの制限
is considered an "expensive parser function"; only a limited number of which can be included on any one page (including functions inside transcluded templates). When this limit is exceeded, any further  functions automatically return false, whether the target page exists or not, and the page is categorized into Category:. The name of the may vary depending on the content language of your wiki.

使用事例によっては、 (存在しないページへのリンクを選択) または  (存在するページへのリンクを選択) を使用して ifexist 効果を css で代用できます. さらに、単一ページで使用するメモリ消耗の激しいパーサ関数の件数の上限は  で制御され、必要な場合は上限値を LocalSettings.php で変更できます.

#rel2abs
この関数は相対ファイル パスを絶対ファイル パスに変換します.



部分では、以下の構文を使用できます:
 * → 現在の階層
 * → 「1 つ上の階層に移動」
 * → 「下位ディレクトリ /foo に 1 階層移動」

を指定していない場合は、ページの完全なページ名が代わりに使用されます:



や  のような無効な構文は無視されます. Since no more than two consecutive full stops are permitted, sequences such as these can be used to separate successive statements:



#switch
この関数は入力値1件を複数のテストケースと比較し、ヒットした場合は当該の文字列を返します.

例:




 * 1) switch with partial transclusion tags can effect a configuration file that enables an editor unfamiliar with template coding to view and edit configurable elements.

既定
文字列に対応する がヒットしない場合、 を返します.



In this syntax, the default result must be the last parameter and must not contain a raw equals sign.



代替方法として、既定の結果を " " の 文字列で明示的に宣言することもできます.

Default results declared in this way may be placed anywhere within the function:



If the  parameter is omitted and no match is made, no   is returned:



Grouping results
いくつかの  文字列に同じ   文字列を返す「フォールスルー」値を持たせることができます. これにより重複を最小限に抑えることができます.

ここではケース2と3、4とも出力は です. ケース6と7の出力は両方とも です

比較の挙動
同様、比較は比較する文字列と対象の格文字列が数値である場合、数値として処理されます. あるいは大文字小文字を識別する文字列として処理されます.





文字列は空白の場合があります.

一致が見つかると、それ以降の は無視されます.

生の等号
"Case" 文字列には生の等号を含めることができません. これを回避するには、単一の等号記号  を含むテンプレート = を作成するか、または等号記号をHTMLコード   に置き換えます.

例:





この関数を実社会で使う易しい例としてNBATemplate:NBA color (訳注：バスケットボールチームの配色用テンプレート) を参照してください. 複雑なサンプルは (テンプレート:拡張機能) と Template:BOTREQ (訳注：Bot作業依頼のコメント用テンプレート) の2件を参照してください.

#ifeqの置換
拡張深度を減らすには を使用.

例えば: は、以下と同等です i.e. deep nesting, linear:

On the other hand, the switch replacement could be complicated/impractical for IFs nested in both branches (shown with alternatives of indentation, indented on both sides), making full symmetrical tree:

#time
このパーサ関数は日付あるいは時間 (グレゴリア暦) を取って指定の文法どおりにフォーマットします. 日・時間のオブジェクトを特定する方法; 既定値は マジックワード  – つまりページが最近 HTML 形式で表示された日時.



The list of accepted formatting codes is given in the table to the right. Any character in the formatting string that is not recognized is passed through unaltered; this applies also to blank spaces (the system does not need them for interpreting the codes). There are also two ways to escape characters within the formatting string: In addition, the digraph  is interpreted as a single literal "x".
 * 1) A backslash followed by a formatting character is interpreted as a single literal character
 * 2) Characters enclosed in double quotes are considered literal characters, and the quotes are removed.



The  can be in any format accepted by PHP's strtotime function. Both absolute (eg ) and relative (eg  ) times are accepted.


 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 

The language code in ISO 639-3 (?) allows the string to be displayed in the chosen language

If you've calculated a Unix timestamp, you may use it in date calculations by pre-pending an  symbol.



Full or partial absolute dates can be specified; the function will "fill in" parts of the date that are not specified using the current values:



4桁の数字は常に年として解釈され、時間や分としては解釈されません.

A six-digit number is interpreted as hours, minutes and seconds if possible, but otherwise as an error (not, for instance, a year and month):
 * →  Input is treated as a time rather than a year+month code.
 * →  19:60:09 は有効な時刻ではないにもかかわらず、196009 は1960年9月とは解釈されません.

The function performs a certain amount of date mathematics:



The total length of the format strings of the calls of  is limited to 6000 characters.

タイムゾーンの問題点
There is a bug in this #time parser function (more specifically in PHP DateTime) that does not allow the passing-in of non-integers as relative time zone offsets. This issue does not apply when using an on-the-hour time zone, such as EDT. For example:

However, Venezuela is on a -4.5 hours time offset from UTC, and thus using its time zone will not normally allow the correct calculation of a relative time zone offset. Here's what happens: To workaround this issue, simply convert the time into minutes or seconds, like this:

(Tim Starling, the developer of this function, provided the exact syntax for this solution.)

#timel
This function is identical to, except that it uses the local time of the wiki (as set in ) when no date is given.





#titleparts
This function separates a page title into segments based on slashes, then returns some of those segments as output.



If the number of segments to return parameter is not specified, it defaults to "0", which returns all the segments from the first segment to return (included). If the first segment to return parameter is not specified or is "0", it defaults to "1":


 * →  See also.
 * →  See also.

Negative values are accepted for both values. Negative values for the number of segments to return parameter effectively 'strips' segments from the end of the string. Negative values for the first segment to return translates to "start with this segment counting from the right":


 * →  Strips one segment from the end of the string. See also.
 * →   Strips all 4 segments from the end of the string
 * →   Strips 5 segments from the end of the string (more than exist)
 * →   Returns last segment. See also.
 * →   Strips one segment from the end of the string, then returns the second segment and beyond
 * →   Start copying at the second last element; strip one segment from the end of the string

Before processing, the pagename parameter is HTML-decoded: if it contains some standard HTML character entities, they will be converted to plain characters (internally encoded with UTF-8, i.e. the same encoding as in the MediaWiki source page using this parser function).


 * For example, any occurence of,  , or   in pagename will be replaced by.
 * No other conversion from HTML to plain text is performed, so HTML tags are left intact at this initial step even if they are invalid in page titles.

Then the decoded pagename is canonicalized into a standard page title supported by MediaWiki, as much as possible:


 * 1) All underscores are automatically replaced with spaces:
 * →  Not bah_boo, despite the underscore in the original.
 * 1) The string is split a maximum of 25 times; further slashes are ignored and the 25th element will contain the rest of the string. The string is also limited to 255 characters, as it is treated as a page title:
 * If for whatever reason you needed to push this function to its limit, although very unlikely, it is possible to bypass the 25 split limit by nesting function calls:
 * 1) Finally the first substring is capitalized according to the capitalization settings of the local wiki (if that substring also starts by a local namespace name, that namespace name is also normalized).
 * 1) Finally the first substring is capitalized according to the capitalization settings of the local wiki (if that substring also starts by a local namespace name, that namespace name is also normalized).
 * 1) Finally the first substring is capitalized according to the capitalization settings of the local wiki (if that substring also starts by a local namespace name, that namespace name is also normalized).

{{Warning|1= Certain characters that are illegal in a page title will cause #titleparts to not parse the string:


 * → {{#titleparts: {one/two} | 1 | 1 }}. 以下の値にはなりません: {one
 * → {{#titleparts: page/123 | 1 | 2 }}. Does not work because brackets are illegal in page titles and this parser function does not process links embedded in its input pagename parameter, even when they use the MediaWiki syntax, or any other HTML or MediaWiki tags.
 * → "{{#titleparts: red/#00FF00/blue| 1 | 3 }}". Does not work because "#" is also illegal in page titles.

}}

subst展開
Parser functions can be substituted by prefixing the hash character with :


 * → the code   will be inserted in the wikitext since the page exists.

Substitution does not work within, you can use &hellip;  for this purpose.

リダイレクト
Especially   could be handy in  to pages including dates, but this does not work.

表内でのパイプ記号のエスケープ
Parser functions will mangle syntax and pipe characters, treating all the raw pipe characters as parameter dividers. To avoid this, most wikis used a template    :! with its contents only a raw pipe character, since MW 1.24 a  replaced this kludge. This 'hides' the pipe from the MediaWiki parser, ensuring that it is not considered until after all the templates and variables on a page have been expanded. It will then be interpreted as a table row or column separator. Alternatively, raw HTML table syntax can be used, although this is less intuitive and more error-prone.

パイプ記号は、プレーンな (解釈されない) 文字としてエスケープすることもできます. これには HTML エンティティ  を使用します.

空白類の除去
空白 (改行、タブ、空白アキ) はパーサ関数の全パラメータの開始から終了まで除去します. これを回避するには、引用符で囲んでから文字列を比較します.



then 部分および else 部分での空白の除去を回避する方法は [m:Template:If を参照してください. 空白の代わりに &lt; &gt;  &lt; /nowiki &gt; を使用することもできます.


 * → foofoo
 * → foofoo

ただし連続する複数の空白文字はパーサにより1文字に圧縮されるため、この方法により処理できるのは1文字の空白文字に限定されます.




 * || → || foofoo 
 * }

このサンプルでは  書式を採用してブラウザ上で非表示でも、空白スペースが保持されるように強制します. ソフトウェアにより、ブラウザに渡す前に空白文字が除去されるため発生します.

この挙動を回避するには、ソフトウェアによって置換されないように空白スペースを (breakable space) もしくは  (non-breakable space) に置換します.


 * →  foofoo 
 * → foofoo

関連項目

 * Help:Calculation (Meta)
 * Meta
 * (パーサ関数構文と TeX 構文の比較) Meta
 * Module:String はExtension:文字列関数を廃止
 * Module:String はExtension:文字列関数を廃止
 * Module:String はExtension:文字列関数を廃止