Phabricator/Help/ja

ファブリケータ利用者の皆さん、なにか質問があれば、Discussion page（ノートページ）で質問してください. 私たちは受け取ったフィードバックに基づいて文書を改善していきます. 試しに使ってみる場合はLabs の例題で行わなければなりません.

ファブリケータの基本とできることを理解するには、. もしくはこのページを読み続けて、ファブリケータに飛び込んで利用を始めてください.

アカウントの作成



 * まず、ウィキメディアに していることを確認してください.
 * ウィキメディアのアカウントをまだ持っていないなら、.
 * ファブリケータのログインページに行ってください (ログアウト状態のとき、ログインのためのリンクはページの右上部分のドアに矢印の形で表示されています).
 * ひまわりのアイコンのついている"Login or Register - MediaWiki"（ログインまたは登録 - メディアウィキ）というボタンをクリックしてください.
 * すると　MediaWiki.org から連携を承認するか聞かれます.
 * Phabricator はあなたに利用者名を尋ねます. 分からないときは、ウィキメディアの利用者名を用いてください. ただし、Phabricator は非ラテン文字は受け付けないので、たとえば العَرَبِيةُ や 中华民族（漢字・カタカナ・ひらかなを含む）のような文字、あるいは空白は使えません（アンダーバー「 」で代用してください）. 有効なメールアドレスも求められますが、公開はされません.
 * もしPhabricatorのアカウントが無効になったら、ヘルプページにその旨を投稿してください. しばらくしてもフィードバックを得られなかった場合は、Bugwranglerにご連絡ください.
 * 左のナビゲーション欄にあるManageボタンを押します.
 * 続いてEdit Profileを押し、他の人が探しやすいように Also Known As 欄（別名としてたとえば姓名）を記入します.


 * 高度な設定
 * もしウィキメディア開発者のアカウント &mdash; 別名 LDAP アカウント、 Gerrit アカウントあるいはwikitech アカウント — をもっているなら、それでログインすることもできます. おなじファブリケータの利用者名が MediaWiki.org と LDAP の両方と連携できます. これは、ウィキメディアの統一アカウントがうまく使えない場合のバックアップになりえます.  ひとつのファブリケータの利用者名にウィキメディアの統一アカウントと LDAP アカウントを結び付けましょう！  そうでなければ、ファブリケータのアカウントをふたつ作ることになるでしょう.

私たちは multi-factor authentication をウィキメディアのファブリケータで用いることは推奨しません. それでも使いたいとお考えならまずmulti-factor authentication のガイドラインと要件を読んでください.

以前のバグジラとRTのアカウントをClaimする
ここのリンクをたどってください

更新と通知を受け取る
利用者に関係のある事象について、ご本人の動作を含めてPhabricatorから通知が届きます. 好みに応じて指定した活動に限定するか通知を受け取らないか、email preferences（メールの個人設定）で設定できます.

Phabricatorには通知を受け取る方法がいくつかあります.

また利用者のEmail preferences欄では、あるタスクで通知を受ける（受けたくない）特定の事象（たとえばステータス、オーナー、優先度、購読者の変更）を定義することができます. 下記のFile:Phabricator email settings panel.pngのサンプルのように、活動量の多い利用者なら電子メールの設定を最小限に抑えたい場合もあるかもしれません. プロジェクトの一員として、利用者は を使い、プロジェクトメールの受信を断ることができます. 詳細はManaging Phabricator Emailの利用者ガイドを参照してください.
 * 単一のオブジェクト（タスクやモックアップなど）に興味があるなら、そのページの （登録する） をクリックしてください. コメントをつければ、自動的に登録されます.
 * あるプロジェクトの事象すべてに興味がある場合は、プロジェクトの説明ページにある （プロジェクトをウォッチする）をクリックしてください. 詳しい情報はProjectsの利用者ガイド「Watching Projects」の項目を参照してください.

Heraldで通知方法を設定する
こちらのリンク先では、Wikimedia Phabricator's Heraldでカスタム（個人用）通知ルールを作成する方法を述べています. これは高度なオプションであり、使いづらい点があることでしょう.

タスクの作成
タスク策正野方法はいくつかあり、伝えたい情報の種類によって使い分けます. フォームに記入するとき、よくわからない欄は変更しないでそのままにしてください.
 * 新規タスク：上部のナビゲーションバーの右側にある星型のボタンを押すとドロップダウンメニューが開きます. Create Taskを選ぶと、記入用のフォームが開きます.
 * セキュリティの問題：上部のナビゲーションバー右側の星型ボタンを押します. ドロップダウンメニューが開くので、Report Security Issueを選んで押します.  するとすでにSecurityタグがついた記入用のフォームが開き、セキュリティ上のバグを報告する方法について、特別な指示を受けるページへのリンクが添えてあります.
 * 既存のタスクのサブタスク：既存のタスクの右欄にある、Edit Related Tasks… > Create Subtaskの順に押します. 2件のあいだの依存関係が設定され、親タスクと同じ指数が既定で付きます（Assigned To、Subscribers、Priority、Projects）. 作成したサブタスクは親タスクの「Task Graph」に置かれ、並びは最近の更新の順になります.

フォーマットする
Phabricatorではテキスト記述領域にいくつかの書式が使えます. [https://secure.phabricator.com/book/phabricator/article/remarkup/ Phabricatorの書式の概念はこのリンク先で参照してください. ]

プロジェクトを選ぶ
Phabricatorを利用するプロジェクトに特定のタスクを関連付ける（タグ付けする）には、Tags欄にプロジェクト名を記入し、自動補完で表示されるリストから該当するものを選びます（リストにはヒットした5件だけ表示）. プロジェクトを検索して短い説明を読むには、Tags欄の虫眼鏡アイコンを押します. Tags欄には2件以上プロジェクトを記入できます. もしわからなければ空欄のままでかまいません — プロジェクトを指定していないタスクは triagers が対処してくれます. プロジェクトの一覧（list of projects=長文）もあり、プロジェクトを検索するには と入力します. （左記の一覧はPhabricator/Projectsでも閲覧できます. ）

タスクの優先度を設定する
通常、優先度を設定するのは、プロジェクト管理者かメインテイナー、もしくはそのタスクを担当する予定の開発者、あるいは bugwrangler かコミュニティ内の経験豊かなメンバーであり、バグレポートの報告者自身や外部の開発者は適任ではありません. 詳細はPhabricator project management（プロジェクト管理）を参照してください.

メールを使う
タスクの作成は[mailto:task@phabricator.wikimedia.org task@phabricator.wikimedia.org]宛てにメールを送って処理することもできます. メールの題名がタスクのタイトルになり、メール本文をそのまま読み込んでタスクの説明に、添付ファイルはトークページに読み込まれます. プロジェクトを指定するには、メール本文の冒頭に"!projects"コマンドに続けてハッシュタグを、例えば と記述します. [https://secure.phabricator.com/applications/mailcommands/PhabricatorManiphestApplication/task/ その他のコマンドを使い、メール経由でタスクの担当者、優先度、状態を設定できます. ]

''注記: もしメールの署名の書式が慣行上の標準（本文と署名を識別する 「 -- 」半角ハイフン2個を含む）に従っていないと、それも同様に投稿されます. 初回の利用時に、メール署名から個人を特定できる情報を削除するよう推奨しています.

タスク作成URLと特定の設定値
"Report a bug in Phabricator" link can pass numerous values via URL parameters appended to the generic task creation link.

This is a very advanced feature. Learn more here.

コメントに返信、マークアップする
返信するには、やはりアカウントが必要です. 基本的にウィキメディアの利用者名を使えばいいのです.

コメントと説明文を書く
Phabricatorではコメントや説明文の投稿や編集ができ、書式を付けたり、「添付ファイルをアップロードする」に説明したように、画像その他のファイルを添付したりできます. 入力欄の上にツールバーがあるので、PhabricatorのRemarkup（リマークアップ）機能が使えます. ページのいちばん下にはその場でプリビューが表示され、思ったとおりに表示されるかどうか確認できます. よく使うマークアップの例を挙げます.
 * 利用者名を の形で書くと、相手のプロフィールにリンクして、相手を購読者にします.
 * タスク番号を例えば のように追加すると、タスクとのリンクで結ばれ、またホバーカードが付きます. と入力すると、文中にタスク名が挿入されます.
 * Adding a project name as in  will create a link to the project main page.
 * If you want to quote text, you can simply add " " at the beginning. If you want to reply a comment including it as a quote, click the drop down arrow at the right end of the comment you want to reply.
 * If you want to display an uploaded mockup image file, e.g., like, embedded in your comment, write.
 * If you want to create an external link, e.g.  in wiki markup, use   including the whitespaces in Phabricator.
 * If you want to add a web address (URL link) in a comment for example to provide a testcase, it is highly recommended to copy and paste the full web address from your web browser's address bar, e.g.,  instead of  . Interwiki prefixes like   are not supported in Phabricator and most customizations that Bugzilla had neither, e.g., Gerrit changes should be pasted as full web addresses too.
 * If you want to paste lines of code, add a line with three backticks before and after the code: . Or create a Paste and link to the Paste from the task.

Note that Phabricator's own markup language is different from MediaWiki's markup. The upstream Phabricator instance hosts a Remarkup Reference for Phabricator's own markup language.

添付ファイルをアップロードする
There are several ways to upload files: You can add a file (for example a screen photo) to a comment or a task description via drag and drop with your mouse. Users can also copy and paste images via the clipboard functionality of their system.

If this is not available on your system you can use phabricator:file/upload and refer to the file number (like "123") that is shown after a successful upload by writing  in a comment. This will create a link to the file. To include the file in the comment, enclose the ID in braces:. Per default it's included as thumbnail. For more formatting options, visit Remarkup reference. If you have to upload files frequently and consider the currently available options uncomfortable, you could also add a text panel to your homepage with a direct link.

Advanced users could also use "arc upload" which provides an F number that can be used via  syntax to embed in a comment.

Note that you cannot upload a file and then decrease the access level to the file (e.g linking it to a restricted security ticket). You would have to delete the file and re-upload it with stricter access permissions. It is recommended to upload files which should have restricted access together with the creation of a restricted (security) ticket. Further, note that anyone with the full URL to a file can download the file or share the link with others. There is no authentication protecting files from being accessed. Phabricator files rely entirely on security through obscurity; guessing the (pseudo-random) URL for any given file would be very difficult. If you need more protection for particularly sensitive files then you should consider a more secure alternative.

If you ever need to delete a file that you uploaded, open the list of files you authored, select the file and click "Delete File" in the sidebar.

ファブリケータにおけるプロジェクトの運営
If you maintain or manage a project, please follow this link for more details.

親タスクとサブタスク
Tasks can be a parent task or a subtask of any number of other tasks. Such relations can be set via "Edit Related Tasks...". This feature can be used to accomplish a few different things:

Parent tasks and subtasks are displayed under "Task Graph" in the task. NOTE: There is a "Edit Related Tasks... > Create Subtask" feature. In addition to setting up the correct parent/subtask relationship, it also caries the CC (subscription) list into the new subtask.
 * Blockers and Subtasks. A (parent) task might simply be blocked by another (sub)task, representing a dependency (see Phabricator/Project management on how to add a subtask).
 * Tracking. A "workless" (parent) task blocked by several (sub)tasks might be tracking a collection of (sub)tasks within a release or other time period. Note that "Tracking" here has a different meaning from the deprecated #Tracking tag in Phabricator.
 * Approval. Several (parent) tasks (such as draft team goals) might be blocked by a single (sub)task which represents the draft tasks getting approved, after which those draft goals are now real goals.

優先順位付け
Each Task has a Priority field, which is reflected in the sidebar color of Tasks that appear in Workboards. Note that this Priority is inherent to the Task, and thus will be the same in every Project and Workboard that task appears in.

Within a Workboard, Tasks can be arranged in a priority order within a column. Choose "Natural" sort, and then drag-and-drop Tasks up or down within a column. This allows a groomed backlog to be sequenced by priority, or could indicate the urgency of items in a "Needs Review" column. Note that Workboard columns can also be sorted by the underlying Priority field, so while discussing a Workboard with someone not in the room, it is best to agree on and use the same sort order to avoid confusion.

割り当て
Each Task may be assigned to one person. As with Priority, this is inherent to the Task, and affects every Project that Task is in. So it is impossible to have a Task assigned to Robin in one Project, but to Kim in another. The assigned person is displayed as part of the Task card in each Workboard.

Some teams might choose to assign Tasks to people while the Tasks are in a TODO column. Others would have people assign Tasks to themselves only at the moment that they are moving them from TODO to DOING. Assigning a Task to yourself before you are ready to work on it is a form of "cookie licking".

After the main work on a Task is finished, there are 2 main patterns for assignment:


 * The Task remains assigned to whoever did the work, as that task's permanent owner
 * The Task gets reassigned to whoever needs to work on it next

So for example, after code has been written, it might needs a code review from some specific person. In the second case, the Task would be assigned to that person, making it clear who is responsible for moving that task forward. Obviously if there are multiple possible code reviewers, that model would not work. Later, if the issue were waiting for someone to test it, or deploy it, or to run some specific task necessary for the Task to be completed (like a re-index), the Task could be assigned to that person. A team might have a policy that completed tasks should get assigned back to the person who originally created them, so that person can verify that their needs were met, and the task is ready to be closed.

"完了"
Each Task has a Status field, which includes the state of Resolved. Resolved tasks are by default hidden from Workboards. When they are displayed, they appear grayed out and struck out. Other statuses include Open and Stalled.

Note that this Resolved status is inherent to the Task, and so will affect that Task's appearance and behavior in every Project (and Workboard) it is in. This is independent of which column a Task might be in, in any given Workboard. So a Task could be Open, and could be in the DONE column of one Workboard, but the DOING column of another. It could also be in the column somewhere else.

As a result, it is important not to mark a task Resolved until it is considered done by ALL of the projects it is in. It's fine to move a Task to your own Workboard's DONE column, but before you mark a task Resolved, ensure that no other project still wants to keep tracking its progress.

タスクの "追跡"
This term was brought over from Bugzilla, where it had a specific meaning: A task which was blocked on other tasks, but which itself did not represent any work, and which was not tied to a specific release/date. An example might be a Task named "Clean up the documentation", which might then have a variety of subtasks, each of which would describe specific work to be done. These "Tracking" Tasks tended to stick around for a long time (or forever), as their subtasks would get resolved but new ones would get created. In Phabricator, it would be better to create a Project (tag) to categorize this type of work.

Note, however, that there are other types of work-less umbrella tasks which do still make sense in Phabricator. Notably, "Release" tasks. An upcoming release could be represented by a Task, which lists as subtasks all the actual work tasks which are targeted for that release. Once the release goes out, it can be resolved. A similar use would be to have a task which represents a teams overall goals for the quarter, and then each goal might (or might not) be a blocking subtask.

アイテムの検索


Phabricator consists of several applications (task management in "Maniphest" being one of them, and in the future also Diffusion and Differential for code review). The search field in the upper corner allows searching across all these applications.

Maniphest (詳細検索)


Maniphest is a tool which allows users to make detailed queries. Users can refine a query using multiple parameters. Queries can also be saved and managed.

New users will find several saved queries preset inside Maniphest. Clicking on the "Advanced Search" will bring up a new search page.

Click here for a detailed Maniphest walkthrough.

ダッシュボード
Dashboards are specially designed home pages which can display a wide range of custom information. They can be created, managed and shared between users.

Click here for a detailed Dashboard walkthrough.

一括編集
Phabricator offers the possibility to perform mass/bulk edits for tasks. At the end of any Maniphest search query you will find a "Batch Edit Selected" to edit all the tasks you have selected using Shift-click. Users willing to use this feature need to join the Triagers group.

Batch editing can be reversed by noting the "Bulk Job" ID that is generated at the start of a Batch Edit. This can be accessed by clicking "Details" before or after executing. On the following page, there will be a "Continue" menu item to the right, which will generate a Maniphest query of all the affected tasks.

Favorites
The Star menu in the top navigation bar can be customized with links to your preferred forms and actions. See the Profile Menu instructions for more information.

アイテムの個人的リスト
The "Flag For Later" functionality offers marking objects (like tasks or revisions) which "you want to remember to look at later". Eight flag colors are available. Flags are personal and private so your lists cannot be shared with others. Your flagged objects are listed on flag. They can be searched by color or object type, in contrast to tokens.

プロジェクトの作成


In Phabricator projects are tags, tags are projects. Hierarchy via sub-projects is available since February 2016. Tasks can be assigned to more than one project, and they can also be submitted without assigning them to any project.

どんなときにプロジェクトが必要か？
In general, you need a project...
 * when you have an established team running one or several projects (start here, ask more only when you need more)
 * when you need a workboard (i.e. a sprint)
 * when you need a tag or keyword to organize a type of task that can be part of any project (for example "Accessibility")

新しいプロジェクトを要請する
See Phabricator/Requesting a new project.

Restricting access to tasks
Please see Phabricator/Security for a general overview and the dedicated task creation form. See Phabricator/Creating and renaming projects for default project settings (and using Spaces).

Displaying and using a Space


''Spaces (upstream documentation) allow restricting access to groups of objects (like tasks) to members of a specific group only. See Restricting access via Space policies for setting up.''

If you can access at least two spaces, you see an additional Spaces dropdown under "Visible To" when creating and editing an object. Users with access to only one space will not see this control.



In Maniphest's task view, the Space will also be displayed in front of the task summary. You can batch-edit tasks to move them to a different Space.

Note that you will still have to associate the corresponding "public" project (if existing) to a task to make a task in a restricted Space (which you have access to) to show up in search queries and the workboard of the project. The "public" project could be automatically added via requesting a global Herald rule.

When creating tasks in Spaces, use the "Create Advanced Task" option in the "Create Task" dropdown. This option will display an additional Spaces dropdown under "Visible To" in the task creation UI that will allow you to set visibility to the Space for which this task should be visible.

If you instead create a task via the "Create Simple Task" option in the "Create Task" dropdown, then after you create it, you will have to edit the task to restrict visibility to members of the Space. Before this edit, the task will be visible to anyone and notifications about your task might have been sent to public logged IRC channels and other subscribed individuals.

MediaWikiのテンプレートとリンク

 * You can link to Phabricator tasks from wiki pages using  and its shorter version , for instance   generates example.
 * Template:Tracked has been updated to include links to Phabricator objects — see at the right how  is rendered.
 * Template:Phabricator is also available;  generates.

Existing Bugzilla links and templates will still work, because those links will continue to point to  which will redirect them to the converted Phabricator task.

Conpherenceを使う
Conpherence is a Phabricator application that enables private conversations between two or more users, similar to instant messaging and private chat rooms. No team is known to use this. It may conflict with other communication channels. To learn more click here.

Conpherence has an optional persistent window/column that can be shown and hidden with the keyboard key "\". Users may accidentally activate this feature, and it can only be hidden again by using the "\" key (there is no graphical UI feature to close it).

統計
Phabricator offers tables showing the open tasks by priority and by either user or project. Apart from that, Phabricator doesn't support further statistics, metrics, charts, reports (e.g. over time) or however you may call them, whether built-in or via an API. その他、PhabricatorはPhragileとPhlogistonというレポートツールをオプションで使用します.

Diffusion（リポジトリ・ブラウザ）


DiffusionとはPhabricatorのリポジトリブラウザ であり、リポジトリの管理ツールでもあります. ちょうどコードリビューとリポジトリ管理はGerritに乗り換えたいと考えており、リポジトリの閲覧専用のミラーにはgitblitを採用する方向です. 現状ではデモのため、Gitリポジトリを一部だけPhabricatorにミラーしています.

フォーム


Phabricator allows some customization of the fields shown for a given task. These are handled via the Forms feature.

その他のリンク

 * その他の
 * OAuth consumer phabricator-production, 接続するアプリの管理には接続済みアプリケーションの管理を使います.
 * Phabricatorエチケット&mdash;行動規範と平行して守るべきガイドライン