Global templates/Alternative solutions/nl

en in Wikimedia projecten zijn lokaal per project, dat is een probleem voor de bruikbaarheid, vindbaarheid, kennis, inhoud vermeerdering en gestructureerde gegevensverwerking.

Het probleem is met meer details beschreven in de, er is ook een.

Deze genoemde pagina's beschrijven ook de voorgestelde oplossing: Toestaan dat enkele sjablonen en modules globaal worden, dit is vergelijkbaar met afbeeldingen op Commons,, , enz.

Als u instemt dat dit een echt probleem is en dat het opgelost moet worden, maar denkt dat het voorstel om bepaalde sjablonen en modules globaal te maken niet optimaal is, en een ander idee heeft, dan kunt u deze pagina gebruiken. Het beschrijft meerdere manieren om dit probleem op te lossen, voorstellen uit recente jaren met verklaringen waarom deze oplossingen minder zijn dan ons voorstel.

Enkele van deze voorstellen geven niet uitgebreid het probleem aan, andere zijn eraan gerelateerd maar gaan over een ander probleem. Elk van deze voorstellen is besproken in een discussie in een sectie op deze pagina. Als u het er niet mee eens bent, voel u vrij om deze pagina te bewerken en op de overlegpagina dit mee te bespreken.



Converteren van enkele sjablonen en modules naar extensies
Conclusie: het is voor sommige sjablonen en modules te doen, maar het is niet uitvoerbaar om het voor alle te doen. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

Some templates and modules could be converted into extensions. This would have the advantages:
 * Extensions are easy to install on the wikis.
 * Extensions are easy to localize.
 * Extensions have a robust process for code review, integration, and deployment. This is good for stability, testing, and security.

However, there are several problems with this approach:
 * The programming languages are different: Templates are in wiki syntax and modules are in Lua, and extensions are in PHP and JavaScript. Thus, converting a template requires a complete rewrite, which, in turn, requires considerable resources and time.
 * While the final product can be more robust, bugs can be introduced along the way, as it happens with any rewrite.
 * Many template maintainers are not familiar with PHP, JavaScript, and Git. They prefer wiki syntax, Lua, and editing wiki pages. There are hundreds of template maintainers and discarding their experience and skill is not right, both socially and practically. If the process will alienate template maintainers and wiki editors, they will discard the extensions and keep using the templates.
 * The current Gerrit code review and deployment process is extremely slow, especially in comparison to the immediate deployment of templates.

Despite the problems, rewriting some templates and modules as extensions is a valid idea, especially for those templates and modules that are complex, stable, rarely changed, clearly useful on many wikis, and that have high security, stability, and performance requirements. In particular, this may be quite easy for modules, which can be packaged in extensions relatively easily—the capability to package Lua files in extensions already exists, but it is rarely used. Rewriting all templates as extensions, however, is neither feasible nor desirable.



Koppel de parameters van bestaande sjablonen aan elkaar
Conclusie: Dit wordt al wel gedaan en het helpt wat, maar het is niet schaalbaar. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

Some proposals to address the problem of incompatibility of templates between projects suggest mapping the parameters of templates to each other.

This solution can indeed alleviate the problem of incompatibility to a certain extent. It has already been done in the Content Translation extension as a hack that uses TemplateData aliases to map the parameters. This made Wikipedia article translation somewhat more robust. This is being improved even further in Content Translation by using some machine learning techniques to predict what parameters need to be mapped (see ).

However, even with these advancements, this is never going to be a complete solution. First of all, it does not address the complete problem. The incompatibility between existing templates is just one aspect of the problem. A much wider problem is that on many projects the templates in question do not exist at all, even though they are necessary.

In addition, the parameter mapping has to be manually and continuously maintained for each template in each language pair, and this just does not scale. Even if it is done for some common templates, new templates will keep being created locally and will require yet more manual mapping. There is no end to this.

The Global templates proposal recommends a central and robust system for localizing parameter names (in the “Localizing parameters” section). This will guarantee that all parameters can be used in all wikis without any effort on the editors’ behalf even if they are not explicitly localized.

Improve the templates technology
Several alternative proposals suggest improving the template technology in general or creating a new programming language to achieve a similar task. They are grouped under this section because they all have a common property: they are trying to resolve different problems, and not the problem of the difficulty to share the templates code across wikis. The Global templates proposal recommends only changing the templates’ storage, while using the same wikitext (and the same Lua for modules), thus keeping the existing code and the existing community skills as much as possible. There are improvements to be made with the templates and modules technology, but these are separate problems that require separate solutions, and they are out of scope of Global templates.



Het verbeteren van de wiki syntaxis voor het maken van sjablonen
Conclusie: het lost diverse problemen op, maar niet het gevraagde. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

The wiki syntax for templates is difficult, complex, intricate, and intimidating. The source code of many templates is overloaded with curly braces, pipe characters, equal signs, hash marks, etc. The Parsing team has made several good proposals in this area; for an example, see the presentation Evolving wikitext: embracing incrementalism from Wikimania 2019.

This is a valid problem, and it should be solved, but it is distinct from the problem that the Global templates proposal is trying to address. The “Evolving wikitext” project is about improving the templates language itself, whereas the “Global templates” project is about how the templates are stored and delivered, and how they become discoverable to editors. Evolving wikitext is trying to make developing the template itself easier, and Global templates is trying to reduce to zero the number of steps that are required to start using a template in any wiki.

The two projects do not contradict each other, and can help each other succeed. This is confirmed by another Wikimania 2019 presentation, Let's completely change how templates work, which shows both problems distinctly. If it becomes possible to store templates globally, any change in a template’s source that has to be done as part of Evolving wikitext initiative will have to be done just once. As long as templates are not global, it will have to be done multiple times for each template.

It should also be noted that evolving wikitext, by itself, will have direct impact only on the developers of templates and modules. This will enable them to work more efficiently, and may help them develop templates that are better and more usable. This is desirable, but less visible. Making templates global, on the other hand, will have direct, positive, and visible impact on all editors and readers in all wikis, and not only on developers.



Toestaan dat modules in JavaScript mogen worden geschreven
Conclusie: het lost diverse problemen op, maar niet het gevraagde. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

There have been several proposals to allow writing Scribunto modules in languages other than Lua, most notably in JavaScript. For an example see and slide 18 in the aforementioned Let's Completely Change How Templates Work! presentation.

This is a valid proposal. More people know JavaScript than Lua, so it should make module development accessible to more people, and the number of module developers may grow.

Yet again, however, this will only affect communities that have developers as members. Wiki communities in many other languages do not have any developers at all, so they will not enjoy the fruits of this feature.



Wijzig het frontend van de ontwikkel bibliotheek
Conclusie: het lost diverse problemen op, maar niet het gevraagde. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

In 2019 (or even earlier), serious discussions began about upgrading MediaWiki’s frontend development library from a mix of jQuery, ResourceLoader, and OOJS UI to something new (see ). This has also been presented as a possible solution for sharing structured frontend software between projects. While theoretically possible, in practice it is probably more applicable to gadgets than to templates. Completely moving templates to JavaScript will mean giving up on wikitext, which is not really feasible for the community in the foreseeable future.

Switching to a new frontend development library can be an opportunity to improve the interface between JavaScript code and templates, but JavaScript, even in a modernized form, cannot replace wikitext completely. A global templates repository is a proposal for new storage of wikitext (and Lua).



Wikifunctions en Abstract Wikipedia
Conclusie: Dit project heeft hogere doelen. Het bevat een globale code repository, wat eigenlijk hetzelfde is als globale sjablonen. Men zou globale sjablonen als deel van de implementatie hiervan kunnen zien. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

The Wikifunctions proposal, also known as “Abstract Wikipedia” (and previously, as “Multilingual Wikipedia” and “Wikilambda”) is an idea to make a global repository of functions that automatically generate prose for Wikipedia articles in multiple languages from a central set of data and abstract descriptions of topics. Of all the different alternative proposals on this page, this one is perhaps the closest to the Global templates proposals, but it is not a replacement for it.

The main functionality that the Wikifunctions project suggests is considerably more advanced in its capabilities to generate text (prose) in natural language than the current technology for modules and templates. However, its central functions repository is essentially the same thing that is needed for Global templates and modules. The Abstract Wikipedia task list as of May 2020 even explicitly includes “A cross-wiki repository to share templates and modules between the WMF projects” as one of the first deliverables, although it is much less detailed in how it will actually work than the.

So, both Wikifunctions and Global templates will need a new wiki that will serve as a repository of code: templates, modules, and text generation functions. Both will also need a modernized mechanism for managing dependencies and change propagation across wikis, also known as “Dependency engine”. But the eventual goals of Wikifunctions and Global templates are distinct, and they will complement each other. Because of their familiarity to the editors, modules and templates should be made global and available to wiki editors first, and Wikifunctions prose rendering functions should follow.



Integreer gestructureerde gegevens in de wiki syntaxis
Conclusie: dit is op de lange termijn een mooi doel, maar nu niet praktisch op deze termijn. Ook zal een repository voor globale sjablonen dan toch hierbij ook een noodzakelijk stap zijn. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

Another proposal that is somewhat similar to “Evolving wikitext” is making wiki syntax more structured for data, as a middle ground between the current, mostly structureless wikitext and a completely structured storage such as Wikidata. It is described on the page User:Tgr (WMF)/structured article data.

This is a valid proposal, and it addresses the need to balance between some communities’ desire to control the information locally in the pages and the need to process structured information semantically by software. However, like the “Evolving wikitext” proposal and some other proposals described on this page, it does not address the needs of the wikis that do not have people who have the necessary skills to maintain highly technical templates.

This proposal does not contradict the Global templates proposal, and both can be implemented. However, if this proposal is implemented without also making templates global, then at least in the foreseeable future it will most likely be used only in the largest wikis.



Maak een beheersysteem voor packages voor het eenvoudiger kopiëren van sjablonen naar een ander project
Conclusie: dit lijkt voor gebruikers gemakkelijk, maar het is niet schaalbaar en het lijkt ver af te wijken van wat we willen en het zal de zaken gecompliceerder maken. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

At the moment, to copy a template from one wiki to another, the editor needs to export it as a wiki page from the source wiki, including some cascading pages, import it into the target wiki, search the wiki syntax for human-readable strings and translate them, and then fix any remaining errors. The result may work as needed, but it will be a fork of the source template. This is an extremely manual and difficult process, and the results are far from perfect.

Occasionally there are proposals to make something like a package management for templates and modules, so that copying will become easier. However, this will also be a very partial solution. Even if it is done well, it will require running this copying process for each template, whereas a global repository will make all templates immediately available with zero extra steps. In fact, the system described on the page Multilingual Templates and Modules, along with the volunteer-developed DiBabel tool, already implements something like this, and while it makes it easier to copy of templates between wikis and perform other steps described on the page, it will always require repeated manual steps for every template. This cannot scale for the thousands of templates that have to be shared.



Maak gadgets globaal
Conclusie: het lost diverse problemen op, maar niet het gevraagde. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

Gadgets are pieces of JavaScript that are developed onwiki and packaged in a way that allows conveniently enabling and disabling them through user preferences.

Like templates, they belong to the “Local customizations” side of Wikimedia software as described in the. The problems with gadgets are similar to the problem with templates: they cannot be easily ported from one wiki to another, and even the existing hacks for making them work across wikis, such as those that are used by the famous HotCat gadget, are imperfect. In addition, they do not have a convenient and uniform framework for localization, as there is for extensions.

It should be possible, therefore, to make gadgets global as well. In fact, “Global gadgets” came in at #1 at the 2016 Community Wishlist Survey, but was not implemented because it was deemed too big for the Community Tech team.

However, the technology for global gadgets will be quite different from the technology for global templates. Gadgets are purely frontend components, and even though they sometimes affect the page content, they mostly alter the user interface. The gadgets’ functionality is barely affected by the parser and the MediaWiki backend (except maybe ResourceLoader).

Templates are different: they are strongly built into the content and rendered server-side, so they are strongly coupled with the core platform and especially the parser. In addition, gadgets are primarily used by power-users of the wikis, whereas the templates’ code is seen by all editors and the templates’ output is seen by all readers, so the templates’ impact is much larger.

The most relevant thing that may be common to global templates and gadgets is storing and managing their localization, but even this is not certain. The localization of their user interface strings (messages) may be similar, but templates have additional needs, such as the localization of the template name and the parameters.

So yes—while gadgets, templates, and modules should all be global, it probably makes sense to handle gadgets mostly separately from modules and templates.



Maak een bot die sjablonen naar een centrale repository kopieert
Conclusie: Dat bestaat al, het lost hetzelfde probleem op, maar niet perfect en moeilijk te onderhouden, dat geeft ook de onderhouder van de bot toe. De volgende alinea's zijn bewust niet vertaald.

This is what the proposal is about. It is a reasonable approach given the current MediaWiki platform, but it has some disadvantages. In fact, that project’s own description page admits that it is not the best approach.

The bot approach requires several manual steps for each template in each language. It does not have full-fledged translation tools for localizing the messages, and requires editing JSON files instead.

Finally, it does not truly make templates available in all languages. This system still requires the editors to opt in for each template in each wiki. This opt-in process is somewhat easier than the fully manual template importing process, but it still requires several steps for each template.

So yes, it may be the best approach given the state of MediaWiki technology in 2021. It can serve as a testing ground and a transition phase towards true support for global templates and modules in the software platform. But it is not perfect.

(Also, as of late 2022, that bot is abandoned and doesn’t work.)

Conclusie
Hierboven is per alternatief ook een conclusie gegeven. Eigenlijk is het meer een beoordeling van TL en DR van de niet vertaalde tekst per alternatief. Het is niet vertaald omdat het wel erg gedetailleerd is en het zaken zijn die alleen als alternatieven besproken zijn. Als conclusie over het geheel kunnen we het zeggen dat er zijn veel manieren waarop de technologie rond sjablonen en modules verbeterd kan worden. Enkele kunnen zeker op meerdere punten voordelig zijn voor Wikimedia projecten, die punten zouden opgepakt kunnen worden. Er is er echter geen die ook maar deels het probleem oplost wat in is beschreven: de noodzaak om functies te hebben die op meerdere wiki's bruikbaar zijn en als sjablonen eenvoudig kunnen worden gemaakt en die dan direct beschikbaar voor iedereen die ze nodig heeft. Dit terwijl het gemak en de flexibiliteit bewaard blijft van het ontwikkelen en toepassen van sjablonen. Alleen de implementatie van Globale sjablonen zal dit probleem afdoende oplossen.

