Manual:Pywikibot

The Python Wikipediabot Framework (pywikipedia) is a collection of tools that make automated work on Wikipedia or other MediaWiki sites. This pages gives general information for people who want to use the bot software.

Initial setup
PyWikipediaBot has been written in Python and requires the Python interpreter (program). You need to have at least Python version 2.4 installed on your computer to be able to run PyWikipediaBot. Although some of the code may work on Python version 2.3, support for older versions of Python is not planned.

Python can be run on all common platforms (Unix, Linux, Mac, Windows).


 * For windows: Download and install Python, found at python.org/download.
 * In Unix, Python is already present on most Unix versions and does not need to be downloaded.
 * In Mac, Python is already included on Mac OS X.

Download
There are two ways to obtain pywikipedia. The first is using SVN and the second is by downloading a nightly. It is best to download using SVN so you can regularly update your local copy.

Nightly releases
Nightly releases are available at. All you have to do is download pywikipedia to your computer and decompress the file, there is no further installation required.

Download with SVN
You can use SVN (subversion.tigris.org) to retrieve an up-to-date version of PyWikipediaBot. If you use Windows TortoiseSVN is advised. On a Mac, you can follow this instruction.

To check out the source code via SVN command line use the following command:

 $ svn checkout http://svn.wikimedia.org/svnroot/pywikipedia/trunk/pywikipedia/ pywikipedia 

Or, without the spell-checking files (saves a while):

 $ svn checkout --ignore-externals http://svn.wikimedia.org/svnroot/pywikipedia/trunk/pywikipedia/ pywikipedia 

In your current working directory a new directory called "pywikipedia" is created.

For non-command line tools, the only information needed is the repository path: http://svn.wikimedia.org/svnroot/pywikipedia/trunk/pywikipedia/

Configuration
You do not need to "install" this package to be able to make use of it. You can actually just run it from the directory where you unpacked it or where you have your copy of the SVN sources.

Before you run any of the programs, you need to create a file named user-config.py in your pywikipedia directory. You can create it manually (it needs at least two or three varibles configured) or run the script generate_user_files.py that helps to complete this process.

Please note, PyWikipediaBot assumes your account uses the default Monobook skin, don't change it in your MediaWiki account setting if you want the bot to work properly.

Using your normal browser, create a login name and password for the bot. It is best to use a name that makes clear that it is a bot, and preferably also who is operating it. A common method is to use your own login name and add the word 'bot' to it, but several other forms also exist.

Configuration for Wikipedia
Open a text editor (e.g. Notepad in Windows) and save the text file as, in the pywikipedia folder.

Add the following two required lines to :

Now save  again.

Configuration for other MediaWiki wikis
Add the following three required lines to :

Now save  again.

If your wiki is not listed in the families folder, create your own families.py file, see Pywikipedia bot on non-Wikimedia projects.

Configuration for non-wikimedia projects
Refer to the article Pywikipedia bot on non-wikimedia projects for instructions on how to configure the bot to use it on your own MediaWiki-powered project.

Permission on wiki projects
Make sure that your bot is approved by the community where you are going to use it. Strictness of this differs greatly between various projects; at some you need to announce it in advance and get approval before you start, at others you can do whatever you want.

On the English Wikipedia, bots are only allowed to be used if they are approved at en:Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval.

Request a bot flag
If you heavily use a bot, it will clutter recent changes. To avoid that, you can get your bot registered as such. In that case it will not be shown on Recent changes unless a user specifically asks to get bots included.

This can be done by a Bureaucrat. You can put a request to get your or someone else's bot registered at Requests for bot status. You will probably be asked for some kind of evidence that your local community agrees with your bot. On the English language Wikipedia, requests should be made at Requests for approvals. It is probably good to get your bot registered whenever it will edit many pages in a single run.

Select and run a bot script
Now we are ready to really start using the bot. You need to get to a textual interface to your Operating System.

On Windows this is done by opening the start menu, and clicking on 'Run'. You are asked to give the name of a program, type "cmd.exe".
 * Change the root to C: by typing chdir C:\
 * Type chdir \"name of the folder where pywikipedia bot has been downloaded" (For example: chdir \"pywikipedia" if the file is in the C: folder.)

On Mac, find Terminal.app in /Applications/Utilities.

On Linux or any other Unix, use any terminal application such as gnome-terminal, konsole, xterm, or simply the text-mode console.

Run the script login.py by typing "python login.py".

Python will then return:



Use the password you used for the bot's login name. The bot can't work anonymously. Unless you change your password, you normally need to run this program only once, the bot usually does not get logged out.

The bots are in the main pywikipedia folder when downloaded. But if necessary, use the command cd to go to the directory where the bot files are saved.

Now run any of the bots here by typing "python botname.py" (If you are using Windows, you can leave out "python").

Scripts
Here is a list of the existing bots with links to their descriptions:

Command-line arguments
Although many bot scripts have their own command line arguments, which should be documented on their respective pages (or in their source code), all bots unless specifically stated to the contrary recognize the following command line arguments:


 * -help
 * Print a list of global bot arguments (this list), followed by bot-specific help if available.


 * -lang:xx
 * Set the language of the wiki you want to work on to language code, overriding the configuration in.


 * -family:xyz
 * Set the family of the wiki you want to work on, e.g., wikipedia, wiktionary, wikitravel, ... This will override the configuration in.


 * -log
 * Enable the logfile. Logs will be stored in the logs subdirectory.


 * -log:xyz
 * Enable the logfile, using  as the filename.


 * -nolog
 * Disable the logfile (if it's enabled by default).


 * -putthrottle:nn
 * Set the minimum time (in seconds) the bot will wait between saving pages. The default value is 10.

For example,  will run the "scriptname" bot on wiktionary articles, overriding the default family setting in your user configuration.

Bot mailing list
It can be useful to subscribe to the bot mailing list (see http://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/Pywikipedia-l). Every time a file of the bot software is changed, a mail is sent to the list, so you know when you need to update to the new version. In general this means updating at least once a day.

Update
For further updates chdir into 'pywikipedia' and type

 $ svn update

On a Mac, you can write the following:

 svn update pywikipedia

How to report a bug
When you report a bug please try to include:


 * PyWikipediaBot version in use. It's recommended to test if the bug is still present in latest SVN revision available.
 * Python version (python -V) and operating system you use (e.g. Windows, Linux, MacOS...)
 * A nice summary
 * Full description of the problem/report
 * How to reproduce bug full information (script, command line, family, and language used)
 * Output data

To submit a new bug visit the bug tracker provided by SourceForge.

Development
If you have a function you want to have a bot for that is not yet provided by one of the bots, you can ask one of the programmers to write it for you. Or even better, you can try to work on the bots yourself. Python is a nice language, and not hard to learn. We will welcome you.

Tips
Here and in wikipedia.py, there are some very basic tips for getting started writing your own bot:
 * be sure you've set up your user-config.py file (see above)
 * To gain access to the pywikipedia framework, use:
 * to retrieve a page, use the following, where pageName is, e.g., "Wikipedia:Bots" or "India":
 * to update a page, use:
 * look at some of the pywikipedia files for other ideas -- basic.py is relatively easy to read even if you're new to pywikipedia.
 * you can find all available Page methods in the wikipedia.py file.
 * basic.py gives you a setup that can be used for many different bots, all you have to do is define the string editing on the page text.
 * To iterate over a set of pages, see pagegenerators.py for some objects that return a set of pages. An example use of the CategoryPageGenerator that does something for each page in the Category:Living people category:

Create a quick shortcut to run commands (Windows users)
How to make a quick shortcut to run commands (Windows users).

If you're installing Pywikipediabot in a folder such as "My Documents" it may be troublesome to use the "cd" command to go into the folder all the time to run the bots (For those who don't get what that means, this will help you a lot).

On Windows you can create a shortcut which will open the command box you can use to run bots easily. Just follow these simple steps to create one:
 * 1) Open up the folder pywikipedia is installed in, in a window.
 * 2) Under File > New select Shortcut.
 * 3) Type in "cmd.exe" and hit next.
 * 4) You can give a name to the shortcut here, just "Pywikipediabot" is good.
 * 5) In the address bar (The text bar above where your files are which tells you where you are) copy the path there.
 * 6) Right click on the new shortcut and hit properties and paste that path you copied into the "Start in" text field.
 * 7) Hit ok, and now you have a shortcut to open the command line to run bots from.

Contributing changes
If you changed the bot and want to send a patch to the maintainer,
 * 1) Update to the current version (it will merge your changes with the improvements already committed to the SVN Repository),
 * 2) Resolve any conflicts caused by the update (grep for "=====" ;-) and
 * 3) Type:
 * $ svn diff > svn.diff

Review the diff to ensure it only includes the changes you want to contribute. The lines at the beginning starting with "?" should be removed.

If you are in direct contact with a Pywikipediabot developer, you can send the file svn.diff to him, but preferably attach the patch to a ticket in the Pywikipedia bug tracking system.

Multiple accounts
It is a common need to run python wikipedia bot under different accounts (main and/or multiple bot accounts). It can be done in two ways.

Separate pywikipedia distributions
One can install completely separate instances of pywikipedia in different directories (1 for each account) and have diferent  files in each of them. However, when updating the installation via SVN, one needs to run  on each folder separately. Also, every installation takes some disk space, which might be a problem on accounts with limited quota.

One pywikipedia distribution with symbolic links
Let's assume user  has a current SVN working copy of pywikipedia in. For each of the accounts, he creates a separate directory:

foo@bar:~$ mkdir foobot foo@bar:~$ cd foobot

Pywikipedia needs then some symlinks to the main code tree created in the working directory:

foo@bar:~/foobot$ ln -s ~/pywikipedia/families foo@bar:~/foobot$ ln -s ~/pywikipedia/userinterfaces

Then,  for this account must be created as described in Configuration section above.

Finally, the bot must be logged in the usual way:

foo@bar:~/foobot$ python ~/pywikipedia/login.py

The working directory is ready. The scripts will however require a slight modification to run (the path to the pywikipedia tree must be added to Python's path).

import sys, os sys.path.append(os.environ['HOME'] + '/pywikipedia') import wikipedia

That's all. Updating to the newest version of pywikipedia on all account at once is now a matter of running  only in the   directory.

Bot & Proxy
There is probably (not tested!) draft workaround described here.