How to become a MediaWiki hacker/pt-br

Este artigo está escrito para ajudar os desenvolvedores a aprender as habilidades básicas necessárias para contribuir com desenvolvimento de MediaWiki core e extensões MediaWiki. Observe que, na maioria dos casos, quando você trabalha com o MediaWiki, você não quer cortar o núcleo do MediaWiki a menos que você realmente saiba o que está fazendo.

The main path to get started with Wikimedia development is to contribute to Wikimedia projects that offer mentoring. An alternative without mentoring is to fix an annoying little bug.

Se já é um programador experiente, familiarizado com o uso do MediaWiki, visite antes o portal dos programadores - .

Para outras formas de se envolver na comunidade Wikimedia, veja .

Visão geral
MediaWiki é o software que alimenta a Wikipédia, seus projetos parceiros e milhares de outras wikis ao redor do mundo.

MediaWiki is written in the PHP programming language. It uses jQuery as the client JavaScript library.

MediaWiki is primarily written for the LAMP platform and runs on most operating systems. MediaWiki primarily uses the MySQL and MariaDB database servers.

Development happens in an open source style, is largely coordinated online, and supported by the Wikimedia Foundation, though volunteer community developers play a huge part as well.

Esta página deve ajudá-lo a tornar-se um colaborador da MediaWiki. Isto não é um tutorial e sim o direciona a vários locais onde poderá aprender o que for necessário.
 * A discussão de desenvolvimento ocorre em várias mailing lists e canais IRC. The main developer list is wikitech-l. The main developer IRC channels are #mediawiki and #wikimedia-dev.
 * Source code is managed using the Git revision control system.
 * Code review is performed on . Follow this tutorial to set up Git and Gerrit in order to submit patches.
 * Bug reports and tasks are managed on Phabricator.

Configure seu ambiente de desenvolvimento
A maioria dos projetos usa Git e Gerrit. Segue o tutorial Gerrit para configurar sua conta de desenvolvedor. Então, você pode avançar para baixar nosso código, fazer alterações, testá-los e enviar patches. Existem duas maneiras de configurar seu ambiente de desenvolvimento: usando uma máquina virtual pré-configurada (vagrant), ou manual.

Máquina Virtual com o Vagrant

 * Instalação do Vagrant - Estes passos instalarão o servidor MediaWiki com todos os requisitos dentro de uma máquina virtual Linux (pode ser usada em servidores Linux, Windows ou Mac)

Instalação manual

 * Requisitos de instalação — Verifique os requisitos de hardware, e instale um dos servidores LAMP, MAMP ou WAMP (Linux, Mac ou Windows, mais Apache, MySQL/MariaDB e PHP).
 * — Descarregue o último código fonte do Git.
 * — Prossiga com a instalação e a configuração inicial.
 * Set up the various debug modes in your environment to display warning and errors early.

Não é necessário descarregar cópias em ficheiro da base de dados da Wikipédia para desenvolver funcionalidades do MediaWiki. Na verdade, muitas vezes é mais fácil usar uma base de dados quase vazia, só com poucas páginas de testes especificamente criadas. Contudo, se por alguma razão quiser ter uma cópia da Wikipédia, pode obter uma cópia em ficheiro.

Leitura recomendada




Feedback, perguntas e suporte

 * É esperado que comece por fazer alguma investigação básica: analise o código, tente compreender o que este pretende fazer, leia a documentação relacionada, tente encontrar o sítio ou sítios no código onde provavelmente terá de efetuar alterações para corrigir o defeito.
 * If you have general questions about infrastructure (Git, Gerrit, Vagrant), the software architecture or workflows which are not tied to the specific task that you want to work on, use generic channels like, mailing lists, or wiki discussion pages but not the specific task. Por exemplo, se tem um problema com o Gerrit, a página de discussão do Gerrit poderá ser um bom lugar para perguntar.
 * If you have a specific question about the bug itself, comment in the corresponding bug report (normally a task in ). "Can you give me more info how to fix this bug?" is not a good question to start with: The more specific your questions are, the more likely somebody can answer them quickly. Se não faz qualquer ideia de como reparar o defeito, talvez este defeito (ainda) não seja para si - tente encontrar outro mais fácil primeiro, por favor.
 * When asking, explain what you have tried and found out already, so others can help at the right level. Be specific - for example, copy and paste your commands and their output (if not too long) instead of paraphrasing in your own words. This avoids misunderstandings.
 * Avoid private email or support requests in our social media channels.
 * Be patient when seeking input and comments. On IRC, don't ask to ask, just ask: most questions can be answered by other community members too if you ask on an IRC channel. If nobody answers, please ask on the bug report or wiki page related to the problem; don't just give up.
 * Saiba mais em.
 * Você também pode fazer qualquer pergunta na Reunião semanal de aconselhamento técnico IRC no canal #wikimedia-tech no Freenode IRC.



Communicate that you work on a task
You do not need to ask if you can work on a task. You do not need to announce your plans before you start working on a bug, but it would be welcome. You are welcome to set yourself as the assignee in a task: Use the dropdown Add Action… → Assign/Claim in Phabricator. At the latest when you are close to proposing a patch for the task, it is good to announce in a comment that you are working on it. Your announcement helps others to not work on the bug at the same time and to not duplicate work.

Also note that if a task already has a recent link to a patch in Gerrit and has the project "Patch-For-Review" associated in Phabricator, choose a different task to work on instead - avoid duplicating work. If an existing patch in Gerrit has not been merged and has not seen any changes for a long time, you could also pick up that existing patch and improve it, based on the feedback in Gerrit and in the task.

If you stop working on a task, remove yourself as the assignee of the task, so others know that they can work on the task and don't expect you to still work on it.

By communicating early you will get more attention, feedback and help from community members. 

PHP
MediaWiki is written in PHP, so you'll need to get familiar with PHP to hack MediaWiki's core.


 * Learn PHP
 * PHP tutorial — Available in many different languages. If you have no knowledge of PHP but know how to program in other object-oriented programming languages, PHP will be easy for you to learn.
 * PHP Programming at Wikibooks.
 * PHP topic at Wikiversity.


 * PHP resources:
 * The PHP manual — Available in many different languages.
 * PHP coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Stuff to know:
 * The script  in MediaWiki provides a basic PHP interpreter with MediaWiki objects and classes loaded.

Database
Many features require some amount of database manipulation, so you'll often need to be familiar with MySQL/MariaDB.


 * Learn MySQL/MariaDB
 * MySQL tutorial — From the MySQL 5.0 reference manual.
 * MySQL at Wikibooks.


 * MySQL/MariaDB resources
 * MySQL Reference Manuals — Available in many different languages.
 * MariaDB Knowledge Base
 * Database coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.
 * Accessing the database


 * Stuff to know:
 * Test your code with MySQL/MariaDB.
 * MediaWiki currently uses MySQL and MariaDB as the primary database back-end. It also supports other DBMSes, such as PostgreSQL and SQLite. However, almost all developers use MySQL/MariaDB and don't test other DBs, which consequently break on a regular basis. You're therefore advised to use MySQL/MariaDB when testing patches, unless you're specifically trying to improve support for another DB. In the latter case, make sure you're careful not to break MySQL/MariaDB (or write queries that are horribly inefficient in it), since MySQL/MariaDB is what everybody else uses.

JavaScript and CSS
JavaScript and CSS have become omnipresent in front-end code. You don't have to be familiar with JavaScript, jQuery and CSS to work on MediaWiki, but you might need to, depending on what you choose to work on.


 * Learn JavaScript and CSS
 * JavaScript and CSS at Wikibooks.
 * Getting Started with jQuery — A jQuery tutorial.
 * Learning JavaScript — references and sources


 * JavaScript and CSS resources
 * JavaScript coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.
 * CSS coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.

MediaWiki
The MediaWiki code base is large and some parts are ugly; don't be overwhelmed by it. When you're first starting off, aim to write features or fix bugs which only touch a small region of code.


 * MediaWiki basics and must-reads:
 *  — A high-level overview of the main components of MediaWiki and how they work with each other.
 *  — An overview of why and how to write secure code.


 * MediaWiki resources:
 * — A list of important files and links to more detailed information.
 * — A list of hooks. If you're trying to find what part of the codebase does something, often a good place to start is by searching for the related hooks.
 * — An overview of general coding conventions within the MediaWiki community.


 * Code documentation — Automatically generated documentation from the code and code comments.
 * — A guide to debugging MediaWiki.
 * — A tool to interact with MediaWiki objects live.

MediaWiki extensions
If you choose to work on MediaWiki extensions code, the following links provide more information.


 * MediaWiki extensions basics:
 * Developing extensions — How to write an extension for MediaWiki.
 * Extension writing tutorial


 * MediaWiki extensions resources:
 * Best practices for extensions
 * A brief introduction to MediaWiki extension development — A video presentation about how to create a MediaWiki extension (slides).
 * Making a MediaWiki extension — Covers how to develop an extension for Mediawiki, best practices, and how to engage the Mediawiki community. From February 2011.
 * Help for extension developers on the Developer Hub