Help:Content translation/Translating/Translation quality/bn

একটি অনুবাদ তৈরি করার সময়, এটি প্রকাশ করার আগে বিষয়বস্তু পর্যালোচনা করা অপরিহার্য। আপনাকে নিশ্চিত করতে হবে যে উত্পাদিত বিষয়বস্তু একটি অনিচ্ছাকৃত উপায়ে মূল অর্থ পরিবর্তন করে না, এবং এটি গন্তব্য ভাষায় স্বাভাবিকভাবে পড়া হয় কিনা তা পরীক্ষা করে দেখুন। প্রদত্ত প্রাথমিক মেশিন অনুবাদ একটি দরকারী শুরুর বিন্দু দিয়ে অনুবাদ প্রক্রিয়াকে গতিশীল করতে সাহায্য করে, কিন্তু টুলটি ব্যবহারকারীদের প্রাথমিক বিষয়বস্তু পর্যালোচনা এবং উল্লেখযোগ্যভাবে সম্পাদনা করতে উৎসাহিত করে।

অনুবাদকরা যাতে প্রাথমিক অনুবাদগুলি যথাযথভাবে সম্পাদনা করেন তা নিশ্চিত করার জন্য বিভিন্ন প্রক্রিয়া নিবেদিত। অনুবাদ সম্পাদক ট্র্যাক করে কতটা প্রাথমিক অনুবাদ ব্যবহারকারী দ্বারা পরিবর্তিত হয়েছে, এবং বিভিন্ন সীমা সংজ্ঞায়িত করে যা হয়: প্রকাশনাকে আটকাতে পারে, অথবা ব্যবহারকারীদেরকে আরও বিষয়বস্তু পর্যালোচনা করতে উৎসাহিত করতে সতর্ক করে।

এইভাবে, টুলটি ব্যবহারকারীদের জন্য একটি প্রাথমিক মেশিন অনুবাদের ভাল ব্যবহার করা সম্ভব করে, যখন হালকাভাবে পর্যালোচনা করা, নিম্নমানের ফলাফল তৈরি করা রোধ করে। এই সীমাগুলি কীভাবে কাজ করে, কীভাবে প্রতিটি ভাষার প্রয়োজনের সাথে এগুলিকে সামঞ্জস্য করা যায় এবং কীভাবে সরঞ্জামের সাহায্যে উত্পাদিত সামগ্রীর গুণমান পরিমাপ করা যায় সে সম্পর্কে আরও বিশদ নীচে উপস্থাপন করা হয়েছে৷

অনুবাদ পর্যালোচনা করতে উৎসাহিত করার সীমা
বিষয়বস্তু অনুবাদ পরিবর্তনের শতাংশ পরিমাপ করে যা ব্যবহারকারীরা প্রদত্ত প্রাথমিক স্বয়ংক্রিয় অনুবাদ করে। এইভাবে, সিস্টেমটি জানে যে প্রাথমিক অনুবাদ থেকে কতগুলি শব্দ যোগ করা হয়েছে, অপসারণ করা হয়েছে বা পরিবর্তন করা হয়েছে। পরিমাপ দুটি ভিন্ন স্তরে তৈরি করা হয়: প্রতিটি অনুচ্ছেদের জন্য এবং সম্পূর্ণ অনুবাদের জন্য। Different limits are applied at each level, as detailed below.

Limits for the whole translation
সম্পূর্ণ নথির 99% বা তার বেশি যদি অপরিবর্তিত, মেশিনে অনুবাদিত সামগ্রী থাকে তাহলে প্রকাশনা অবরুদ্ধ করা হয়। এই সীমাটি প্রায় কাঁচা মেশিন অনুবাদকে বাধা দেয় এবং স্পষ্ট ভাঙচুরকে বাধা দেয়। It also prevents users from merely adding content, without editing the machine translation portion. নীচে বিশদ হিসাবে, এই সীমা প্রতি-ভাষার ভিত্তিতে সামঞ্জস্য করা যেতে পারে।

প্রতিটি অনুচ্ছেদের জন্য সীমা
The percentage of user modifications is also measured for each paragraph. A paragraph is considered problematic when it contains more than 85% of the initial machine translation (or, when copying the contents from the source document, it contains more than 60% of unmodified content).

The translation editor will show a warning for each paragraph that is considered problematic, encouraging further edits by the user. In some cases, users are still able to publish, but the resulting page may get added to a tracking category of potentially unreviewed translations for the community to review. In other cases, users may not be allowed to publish at all.

The following are some of the factors considered for determining whether to allow users to publish or not (some of which are still in development):

Publication of translations with less than 50 problematic paragraphs is permitted, but those with 10 to 49 problematic paragraphs will be added to a tracking category of potentially unreviewed translations for the community to review. For users in this class, translations with 10 problematic paragraphs or more are prevented from publishing, while those with 9 or less problematic paragraphs are added to a tracking category of potentially unreviewed translations for the community to review. For paragraphs where the unmodified content warning is shown, but the user marks it as resolved, a less strict threshold is applied (accepting 95% of Machine translation or 75% of source content). This will provide a way to accommodate cases where the automatic translation was exceptionally good, but still avoid potential abuse of the feature (i.e., not blindly following a user's confirmation).
 * The number of problematic paragraphs. Users are prevented from publishing translations with 50 or more problematic paragraphs.
 * Previous deleted translations. To prevent recurring problems, the tool identifies users whose published translations were deleted in the last 30 days, and imposes much more strict limits upon their subsequent translation efforts.
 * User confirmation. A less strict threshold is considered for paragraphs that a user marks as resolved—taken as a signal that the user reviewed and confirmed the status of the translation.

Contents not affected by the limits
Some content is not expected to be edited significantly, and thus is not considered when applying the limits described above. Very short section titles, citations, or the list of references are excluded from review. Otherwise, users could receive misleading warnings about translating content that should not be, such as book titles appearing in references or other proper nouns.

Limits on the mobile experience
For the mobile experience the initial set of limits follow a simpler approach. At the moment, only the overall percentage of unmodified machine translation for the whole translation is considered. On mobile, the whole translation consist of just one section of the article.

In particular, a warning is shown when the percentage of unmodified machine translation is over 85% for the whole section, and publishing is prevented when the when the percentage of unmodified machine translation is over 95%.

Feedback on how the limits system work on the mobile context would be very useful to determine how to evolve this initial approach.

Adjusting the limits
The limits described above provide a set of general mechanisms, but they may need adjustment depending on the particular needs of each wiki. Based on initial evaluation, the amount of modification needed to initial machine translation can range from 10% to 70%, depending on the language pair. On some wikis, the default limits may be too strict, generating unnecessary noise or preventing perfectly valid translations from being published. On other wikis, the limits may not be strict enough, allowing the publication of translations that have not been edited enough.

Adjusting the different thresholds allows each wiki to tailor the tool's limits according to its particular needs. Feedback from native speakers is essential in properly adjusting the limits imposed. If the current limits don't seem to work well based on your experience in creating or reviewing translations, please share your feedback, and we can explore how to better adjust them.

When providing feedback about adjusting the thresholds, we recommend that you first create several example translations (make sure to check the publishing options if your test is not intended to be published as regular content). When testing how the limits work for your language, it is useful to keep in mind the following:

In this way, you can more easily find the right balance for the tool's limits feature. Checking only one type of problem can lead to moving the thresholds too far in the opposite direction. For example, content that is full of numeric data or technical names may require less editing by users than content with more descriptive text. Make sure to test by translating of a variety of different article types, of varying lengths, with disparate content. It may require custom adjustments to the thresholds or that you improve your general approach. In any case, after each change, further testing may be needed to verify the improvements made.
 * Check for both cases. Make sure to check how the limits work for both: translations where the content has not been edited enough, versus where it has been edited enough.
 * Check different content. Content in our wikis is highly diverse, and machine translation may work much better for some cases compared to others.
 * Prepare to iterate. Adjusting the thresholds is an iterative process.

Adjusting the limits in collaboration with editors has proven to be effective. For example, initial results show that the Indonesian community was able to significantly reduce the number of problematic translations they were receiving by restricting the publication of translations with more than 70% of unmodified machine translation content. Similar adjustments have been made for Telugu and Assamese language wikis. There is no automatic tool that is infallible, and these limits are not an exception.

The process of content review by the community is still essential, but these limits provide communities with a tool to reduce the number of translations they have to focus on, making the review process much more effective. Please share your feedback and we can explore how to better adjust them.

Tracking potentially unreviewed translations
A tracking category with the name "cx-unreviewed-translation-category" is provided for communities to easily find articles that have been published with some content exceeding the recommended limits.

You can find this category in the list of tracking categories on each wiki. Using it, you can track articles that passed the limits preventing publication, but that still had some paragraphs that were edited less than expected. For example the Indonesian Wikipedia's category includes articles that have less than 40% of machine translation overall, but which have some paragraphs with more than 80% of unmodified machine translation.

Measuring translation quality
Evaluating content quality automatically is not trivial. Deletion ratios provide a useful measure for estimating whether the content created was good enough for the community involved not to delete it. Based on the analysis of deletion ratios, articles that are created as translations are less likely to be deleted when compared with articles created from scratch. This suggests that it may not be practical to set the limits for participation through translating much higher than those set for other ways of article creation.

Find published translations
Content translation adds a contenttranslation edit tag to the published translations. This allows communities the ability to use Recent changes, and similar tools, to focus on pages created using the translation tool. In addition, data on published translations and the statistics for machine translation use are available for anyone to analyze.

Inspect a specific translation
The Translation debugger is a tool that allows the inspection of some metadata for a given translation, including the percentage of machine translation used for the whole document, and the translation service used for each paragraph. For specific types of content such as templates, the Content Translation Server API can be queried to check how templates will be transferred across languages.

Other limits based on user expertise


Some wikis have implemented other restrictions for translating based on the user rights as a way to reduce the creation of low-quality translations. For example, English Wikipedia requires users to be extended confirmed, which means they need to make 500 edits on English Wikipedia before they are allowed to publish a translation as an article. Newer editors can still publish translated articles in the  or   namespaces, and then move the article to the mainspace.

This restriction was created before the system of limits described in this page was available, and it is not the recommended approach to encourage the creation of good quality translations.

Before adding restrictions that do not take into account the content created, consider going through the process of adjusting the limits of unmodified content as described above. The limits can be made as strict as needed to prevent low-quality translations, while still allowing publication by editors making good translations.