Manual:Namespace/zh

一个名字空间是一组目的近似的页面组合，也就是带有相同目的的页面. 可以把名字空间想象为在同一个Wiki中区分信息不同类型的部分，它保留着页面“实际”的内容，并有别于user profiles, help pages等页面.

技术总览
Pages exist within a namespace, and this can be distinguished using the namespace prefix of a page, which forms part of the title of a page, separated with a colon.

For example:

The "main namespace" does not have a prefix. Also, pages in the main namespace cannot have names starting with any of the existing namespaces prefixes followed by a colon.

Pages can be moved between namespaces simply by changing the prefix part of their title.

Namespace prefixes can be translated, and aliases can be configured for each (see ). All namespaces also have a "canonical" prefix, which works on all wikis regardless of configuration. Aliases and canonical names can be used in links, when performing a search, and in the page title with the help of the magic word.

Each namespace has a corresponding namespace index. Within the database, the title is split into namespace index and text title, and this is used for storage in the  and   columns, among others.

Subject and talk namespaces

 * See Help:Talk pages for instructions on how to use talk pages.

Most namespaces have an associated discussion namespace (or "talk" namespace). All discussion namespaces have odd-integer indices, and the discussion namespace index for a specific namespace with index n is n+1. The namespaces with even-integer indices are subject namespaces (note that this is a distinct concept from content namespaces). The subject-talk duality can be explored using the  and   magic words. The  tag of pages in talk namespaces has the " " CSS class, which might be useful for styling.

Built-in namespaces
MediaWiki ships with 18 built-in namespaces:
 * 16 "real" namespaces, corresponding to actual pages, numbered 0 to 15, and grouped in subject/talk pairs
 * 2 "virtual" namespaces (one for dynamically generated special pages, and one serving as an alias for direct file links), numbered -1 and -2, respectively. Since these namespaces don't correspond to pages stored in the database, one cannot create or delete pages in these namespaces, and there are no corresponding discussion namespaces.

The full list is presented in the table below.

Each namespace also has a constant derived from its name, with all letters in uppercase, spaces replaced by underscores, and prefixed by "NS_". For example, the constant for the "User talk" namespace is NS_USER_TALK. A complete list can be found in Manual:Namespace constants.

in MediaWiki 1.13 and above.

All pages in discussion namespaces have "post a comment" feature (see Help:Section#Adding a section at the end on Meta).