Help:Extension:ParserFunctions/ru

Расширение добавляет одиннадцать новых функций парсера в набор «волшебных слов», используемых в MediaWiki. (Оно может быть сконфигурировано для обеспечения дополнительных функций синтаксического анализа при обработке строки; такие строковые функции задокументированы в ). Все функции парсера, представленные этим расширением, принимают форму:

#expr
Эта функция принимает в качестве аргумента математическое выражение и возвращает вычисленное значение. Эта функция также доступна в посредством функции.



Доступные операторы перечислены справа, в порядке очерёдности. См. справку Мета-вики с более подробной информацией о функции каждого оператора. Точность и формат возвращаемого результата будет варьироваться в зависимости от операционной системы сервера, на котором работает вики, и формата языка сайта.

При вычислениях, использующих булеву алгебру, ноль рассматривается как  а любое ненулевое значение (положительное или отрицательное) рассматривается как  :



Пустое входящее выражение возвращает пустую строку. Недопустимые выражения возвращают одно из нескольких сообщений об ошибках, которые могут быть перехвачены с помощью функции :



Порядок операндов сложения и вычитания до или после числа имеет значение и может рассматриваться как положительное или отрицательное значение, а не в качестве операнда с ошибочным вводом:



Обратите внимание, что при использовании выхода магических слов, вы должны использовать их сырой формат, чтобы удалить запятые и перевести цифры. Например, результатом будет ; когда мы хотим получить 0, это можно сделать с помощью. Это важно для некоторых языков, где цифры могут переводиться. Например, в бенгальском даст ৩০,০৬১.



Округление
Округляет число слева до кратного 1/10, возведённой в степень с показателем, равным усечённому значению числа справа

Для округления вверх или вниз используются соответственно унарные  или.

Строки
Выражения работают только с такими значениями, как числа — они не могут сравнивать строки или символы. Возможная замена —.



#if
Функция определяет, является тестовая строка пустой или нет. Строка, содержащая только пробелы, считается пустой.





Сначала функция проверяет первый параметр. Если параметр не пуст, функция выводит второй параметр. Если параметр пустой или содержит только пробельные символы (пробелы, переводы строк и т.д.), функция выводит третий параметр.



Тестовая строка всегда интерпретируется как текстовая, математические выражения не вычисляются.



Последний аргумент (false) может быть опущен:



Функция может быть вложенной. Для этого вложите внутреннюю #if функцию в своей полной форме вместо параметра вмещающей #if функции. Возможно до семи уровней вложения, хотя это может зависеть от вики или же от лимита памяти.

Вы также можете использовать в вашем #if-утверждении параметр в качестве тестовой строки. Вы должны убедиться, что вы добавили  (вертикальную черту) после имени переменной. (Так что, если параметр не имеет значения, он рассматривается как пустая строка вместо строки " ".)



Больше примеров по этой функции парсера можно найти на странице справки «».

#ifeq
Эта функция сравнивает две строки, определяет их идентичность и возвращает одну из двух строк. Если требуется больше сравнений и выходных строк, используйте.



Если обе строки представляют корректные числовые значения, они сравниваются как числа



Otherwise the comparison is made as text; это сравнение регистрозависимо:


 * →  (сравнивая со схожим примером выше, без кавычек)
 * →   (сравнивая со схожим примером выше, с  ) 
 * →  (сравнивая со схожим примером выше, без кавычек)
 * →   (сравнивая со схожим примером выше, с  ) 

Как практический пример приведён существующий , устанавливающий стандартные короткий и длинный размеры; его код выглядит как:



и работает следующим образом:


 * → 20
 * → 40
 * → 40

#iferror
This function takes an input string and returns one of two results; the function evaluates to  if the input string contains an HTML object with , as generated by other parser functions such as  ,   and  , template errors such as loops and recursions, and other "failsoft" parser errors.



Одна или обе возвращаемые строки могут быть пропущены. Если пропущена строка, будет возвращена  , если it is not erroneous. Если строка  также пропущена, при ошибке будет возвращена пустая строка:


 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;
 * → &zwnj;

#ifexpr
Эта функция вычисляет математическое выражение и возвращает одну из двух строк в зависимости от логического значения результата:



Входное   вычисляется точно так же, как и   выше, с теми же доступными операторами. Затем выход вычисляется как логическое выражение.

An empty input expression evaluates to :



As mentioned above, zero evaluates to  and any nonzero value evaluates to , so this function is equivalent to one using   and   only:



except for an empty or wrong input expression (an error message is treated as an empty string; it is not equal to zero, so we get ).

comparing

Either or both the return values may be omitted; no output is given when the appropriate branch is left empty:



#ifexist
This function takes an input string, interprets it as a page title, and returns one of two values depending on whether or not the page exists on the local wiki.



The function evaluates to  if the page exists, whether it contains content, is visibly blank (contains meta-data such as category links or, but no visible content), is blank, or is a. Only pages that are redlinked evaluate to, including if the page used to exist but has been deleted.



The function evaluates to  for  that have been customized, and for  that are defined by the software.



If a page checks a target using, then that page will appear in the  list for the target page. So if the code  were included live on this page, /Foo will list.

On wikis using a shared media repository,  can be used to check if a file has been uploaded to the repository but not to the wiki itself:

If a local description page has been created for the file, the result is exists for all of the above.

does not work with interwiki links.

Ограничения ifexist
is considered an "expensive parser function"; only a limited number of which can be included on any one page (including functions inside transcluded templates). When this limit is exceeded, any further  functions automatically return false, whether the target page exists or not, and the page is categorized into Category:. The name of the may vary depending on the content language of your wiki.

For some use cases it is possible to emulate the ifexist effect with css, by using the selectors  (to select links to unexisting pages) or   (to select links to existing pages). Furthermore, since the number of expensive parser functions that can be used on a single page is controlled by, one can also increase the limit in LocalSettings.php if needed.

ifexist and wanted pages
A page that does not exist and is tested for using #ifexist will end up on the Wanted Pages.

#rel2abs
This function converts a relative file path into an absolute filepath.



Within the  input, the following syntax is valid:
 * → the current level
 * → "go up one level"
 * → "go down one level into the subdirectory /foo"

If the  is not specified, the full page name of the page will be used instead:



Invalid syntax, such as  or , is ignored. Since no more than two consecutive full stops are permitted, sequences such as these can be used to separate successive statements:



#switch
This function compares one input value against several test cases, returning an associated string if a match is found.

Примеры:




 * 1) switch with partial transclusion tags can effect a configuration file that enables an editor unfamiliar with template coding to view and edit configurable elements.

По умолчанию
The  is returned if no   string matches the  :



In this syntax, the default result must be the last parameter and must not contain a raw equals sign.



Alternatively, the default result may be explicitly declared with a  string of " ".

Default results declared in this way may be placed anywhere within the function:



If the  parameter is omitted and no match is made, no   is returned:



Группировка результатов
It is possible to have 'fall through' values, where several  strings return the same   string. This minimizes duplication.

Here cases 2, 3 and 4 all return ; cases 6 and 7 both return

Порядок сравнения
As with, the comparison is made numerically if both the comparison string and the case string being tested are numeric; or as a case-sensitive string otherwise:





A  string may be empty:

Once a match is found, subsequent  are ignored:

Raw equal signs
"Case" strings cannot contain raw equals signs. To work around this, create a template = containing a single equals sign:, or replace equals sign with html code.

Пример:





For a simple real life example of the use of this function, check Template:NBA color. Two complex examples can be found at and w:Template:BOTREQ.

Замена #ifeq
can be used to reduce expansion depth.

Например: is equivalent to i.e. deep nesting, linear:

On the other hand, the switch replacement could be complicated/impractical for IFs nested in both branches (shown with alternatives of indentation, indented on both sides), making full symmetrical tree:

#time
This parser function takes a date and/or time (in the Gregorian calendar) and formats it according to the syntax given. A date/time object can be specified; the default is the value of the magic word  – that is, the time the page was last rendered into HTML.



The list of accepted formatting codes is given in the table to the right. Any character in the formatting string that is not recognized is passed through unaltered; this applies also to blank spaces (the system does not need them for interpreting the codes). There are also two ways to escape characters within the formatting string: In addition, the digraph  is interpreted as a single literal "x".
 * 1) A backslash followed by a formatting character is interpreted as a single literal character
 * 2) Characters enclosed in double quotes are considered literal characters, and the quotes are removed.



The  can be in any format accepted by PHP's strtotime function. Both absolute (eg ) and relative (eg  ) times are accepted.


 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 
 * &rarr; 

The  in ISO 639-3 (?) allows the string to be displayed in the chosen language

The  parameter specifies if the date/time object refers to the local timezone or to UTC.

This is a boolean parameters: its value is determined by casting the value of the argument (see the official PHP documentation for details on how string are cast to boolean values).

See the following examples for details:





If you've calculated a Unix timestamp, you may use it in date calculations by pre-pending an  symbol.



Full or partial absolute dates can be specified; the function will "fill in" parts of the date that are not specified using the current values:



A four-digit number is always interpreted as a year, never as hours and minutes:

A six-digit number is interpreted as hours, minutes and seconds if possible, but otherwise as an error (not, for instance, a year and month):
 * →  Input is treated as a time rather than a year+month code.
 * →  Although 19:60:09 is not a valid time, 196009 is not interpreted as September 1960.

The function performs a certain amount of date mathematics:



The total length of the format strings of the calls of  is limited to 6000 characters.

Вопрос часового пояса
There is a bug in this #time parser function (more specifically in PHP DateTime) that does not allow the passing-in of non-integers as relative time zone offsets. This issue does not apply when using an on-the-hour time zone, such as EDT. For example:
 * &rarr;

However, India is on a +5.5 hours time offset from UTC, and thus using its time zone will not normally allow the correct calculation of a relative time zone offset. Here's what happens: To workaround this issue, simply convert the time into minutes or seconds, like this:
 * &rarr;
 * &rarr;
 * &rarr;

(Tim Starling, the developer of this function, provided the exact syntax for this solution.)

#timel
This function is identical to, when the   parameter is set to  , so it always uses the local time of the wiki (as set in ).

Syntax of the function is:



For instance, see the following examples:



#titleparts
This function separates a page title into segments based on slashes, then returns some of those segments as output.



If the number of segments to return parameter is not specified, it defaults to "0", which returns all the segments from the first segment to return (included). If the first segment to return parameter is not specified or is "0", it defaults to "1":


 * →  See also.
 * →  See also.

Negative values are accepted for both values. Negative values for the number of segments to return parameter effectively 'strips' segments from the end of the string. Negative values for the first segment to return translates to "start with this segment counting from the right":


 * →  Strips one segment from the end of the string. See also.
 * →   Strips all 4 segments from the end of the string
 * →   Strips 5 segments from the end of the string (more than exist)
 * →   Returns last segment. See also.
 * →   Strips one segment from the end of the string, then returns the second segment and beyond
 * →   Start copying at the second last element; strip one segment from the end of the string

Before processing, the pagename parameter is HTML-decoded: if it contains some standard HTML character entities, they will be converted to plain characters (internally encoded with UTF-8, i.e. the same encoding as in the MediaWiki source page using this parser function).


 * For example, any occurrence of,  , or   in pagename will be replaced by.
 * No other conversion from HTML to plain text is performed, so HTML tags are left intact at this initial step even if they are invalid in page titles.

Then the decoded pagename is canonicalized into a standard page title supported by MediaWiki, as much as possible:


 * 1) All underscores are automatically replaced with spaces:
 * →  Not bah_boo, despite the underscore in the original.
 * 1) The string is split a maximum of 25 times; further slashes are ignored and the 25th element will contain the rest of the string. The string is also limited to 255 characters, as it is treated as a page title:
 * If for whatever reason you needed to push this function to its limit, although very unlikely, it is possible to bypass the 25 split limit by nesting function calls:
 * 1) Finally the first substring is capitalized according to the capitalization settings of the local wiki (if that substring also starts by a local namespace name, that namespace name is also normalized).
 * 1) Finally the first substring is capitalized according to the capitalization settings of the local wiki (if that substring also starts by a local namespace name, that namespace name is also normalized).
 * 1) Finally the first substring is capitalized according to the capitalization settings of the local wiki (if that substring also starts by a local namespace name, that namespace name is also normalized).

{{Warning|1= Certain characters that are illegal in a page title will cause #titleparts to not parse the string:


 * → {{#titleparts: {one/two} | 1 | 1 }}. Does not produce the expected: {one
 * → {{#titleparts: page/123 | 1 | 2 }}. Does not work because brackets are illegal in page titles and this parser function does not process links embedded in its input pagename parameter, even when they use the MediaWiki syntax, or any other HTML or MediaWiki tags.
 * → "{{#titleparts: red/#00FF00/blue| 1 | 3 }}". Does not work because "#" is also illegal in page titles.

}}

Подстановка
Parser functions can be substituted by prefixing the hash character with :


 * → the code   will be inserted in the wikitext since the page exists.

Substitution does not work within, you can use &hellip;  for this purpose.

Перенаправления
Especially   could be handy in  to pages including dates, but this does not work.

Escaping pipe characters in tables
Parser functions will mangle syntax and pipe characters, treating all the raw pipe characters as parameter dividers. To avoid this, most wikis used a template    :! with its contents only a raw pipe character, since MW 1.24 a  replaced this kludge. This 'hides' the pipe from the MediaWiki parser, ensuring that it is not considered until after all the templates and variables on a page have been expanded. It will then be interpreted as a table row or column separator. Alternatively, raw HTML table syntax can be used, although this is less intuitive and more error-prone.

You can also escape the pipe character for display as a plain, uninterpreted character using an HTML entity:.

Stripping whitespace
Whitespace, including newlines, tabs, and spaces, is stripped from the beginning and end of all the parameters of these parser functions. If this is not desirable, comparison of strings can be done after putting them in quotation marks.



To prevent the trimming of then and else parts, see m:Template:If. Some people achieve this by using &lt; &gt;  &lt; /nowiki &gt; instead of spaces.


 * → foofoo
 * → foofoo

However, this method can be used to render a single whitespace character only, since the parser squeezes multiple whitespace characters in a row into one.




 * || → || foofoo 
 * }

In this example, the  style is used to force the whitespace to be preserved by the browser, but even with it the spaces are not shown. This happens because the spaces are stripped by the software, before being sent to the browser.

It is possible to workaround this behavior replacing whitespaces with  (breakable space) or   (non-breakable space), since they are not modified by the software:


 * →  foofoo 
 * → foofoo

См. также

 * m:Help:Calculation
 * m:Help:Newlines and spaces
 * m:Help:Comparison between ParserFunctions syntax and TeX syntax
 * Module:String obsoleting
 * Module:String obsoleting
 * Module:String obsoleting