Help:Watching pages/ja

ウォッチリストとは、ログインユーザーが気になるページのリストを登録しておくことで、それらのページに対して最近行われた編集が通知される機能です.

MediaWikiでは、利用者はページを「所有」することはできません. しかし、ウォッチリスト機能と、ページの差し戻し機能を組み合わせることで、特定のページに関心を持っている利用者は、ページを好ましい状態に維持することができます. しかも、誰かが特定のページに対して絶対的な支配力を持つことを回避できます.

MediaWiki内蔵のウォッチリストのほかに、http://tools.wikimedia.de/~luxo/gwatch/ では複数のウィキを横断したウォッチリストを使うことができます.

ウォッチするページの管理
自動生成されるページはウォッチできません.

ページは常にトークページ（ノート）と一緒にウォッチリストに登録されます. 本文ページとトークページのウォッチリストへの追加・削除は常に同時に行われます. 片方だけをウォッチし、もう一方をウォッチしないということはできません.


 * ページの閲覧中:


 * ページの余白にある""リンク（ベクタースキンの場合は白い星のアイコン）をクリックすると、閲覧中のページがウォッチリストに登録されます. 登録されるとリンクは""（もしくは青い星）に変わります.


 * または のどちらかがページの上部に表示されており、クリックによって ""が  に、またはその逆に変化します.  ブラウザによっては、ページのリロードをしなくても [/skins-1.5/common/ajaxwatch.js ajaxwatch.js] を使うことで操作可能です.


 * ページの保存時:


 * ページを保存する時には、「」のチェックボックスを利用して、そのページをウォッチリストに追加するか、ウォッチリストから削除するか選択することができます.


 * 個人設定で「」を有効にすると、この編集ページのチェックボックスが自動でチェックされ、保存前に手動でチェックを外さない限り、ウォッチリストに追加されます. 次の操作も同様です.
 * "" (「$edits」が有効であれば、これも有効になります. )


 * ウォッチリスト全体の編集:
 * Special:Watchlist 上部には2つのリンクが用意されています. :


 * Special:Watchlist/edit はウォッチリストに登録されているページ（とそのトークページ）全てを一覧表示します. ウォッチリストから削除したいページのチェックボックスを選び、 ボタンをクリックすると、それらのページの登録が解除されます.


 * Special:Watchlist/raw リンクはウォッチリストをテキスト形式で表示します（トークページは表示されません）. 1行に1ページ表示され、名前空間毎にユニコード順に並びます. この機能をつかえば、リストを直接編集したり、外部エディタへコピーしたり、オフラインで編集したリストを貼り付けることができます.  重複した行がある場合には、保存時に自動で整理されます.

ウォッチリスト
ログインしている時には、全てのページに利用者のウォッチリストへのリンクが表示されます. ウォッチリストには Special:Watchlistを使ってもアクセスできます. ウォッチリストには、ウォッチしているページのうち最近更新されたものが、設定した時間の範囲で、新しいものから順番にリストされます.

ウォッチリストの各行は、そのページに加えられた編集の詳細を示しています. 具体的には、編集日時、細部の編集かどうか（'）、ボットによる編集かどうか（'）、ページへのリンク、差分や履歴へのリンク、投稿者の利用者名（またはIPアドレス）とその投稿履歴、増減したページのバイト数、そして編集の要約が示されます. Depending on site configuration, the page name is bolded if the page has changed after the last time the user viewed the page (while logged in).

Technically, the watchlist is just another way to filter recent changes. The entries come from the table and are therefore restricted to edits not older than  (30 days in most WMF projects).

オプション
One can hide or show the following types of edits, using the corresponding links: minor edits, bot edits, one's own edits. These can also be set in preferences as initial options when the user comes to Special:Watchlist page.

Another preference option, although named "Maximum number of days to show in watchlist", also sets only the initial value for a period of time for which changes are shown. This period can be easily changed with corresponding links.

There is also a drop-down box that allows to see the changes only in one specific namespace.

Unlike recent changes, watchlist cannot hide edits by logged in/logged out users, there are no links to show only specific number of edits, and there is no way to show all namespaces except one.

単純なウォッチリスト
By default watchlist only shows the last edit to each watched page.

There are two possible problems if a page had a non-minor recent edit, but the last edit was marked as minor:


 * non-minor edits will not be shown. Since one is typically interested in all changes since one last checked, in this case the history of the page needs to be checked.
 * if watchlist is set not to show minor changes, then the page will not appear in the watchlist at all.

Many experienced users prefer to use Expanded Watchlist.

拡張されたウォッチリスト
With the preference "" the watchlist will show all recent edits, listed in chronological order.

In this case the preference "", which toggles enhanced recent changes, also affects the watchlist the same way: recent changes of watched pages are grouped by day, and within a day by page.

Another preference option is "". A site can limit the maximum value for this option, for example the maximum seems to be 1000 on WMF projects.

To show pages with older edits, view the changes by namespaces or use the non-enhanced watchlist, and/or reduce the number of watched pages.

Other effects of watching a page
The watchlist is only one of the features with regard to watching pages; even without ever using it, specifying pages to watch is useful.

Recent and related changes, page history
In Recent Changes, Enhanced Recent Changes, and Related Changes, watched pages are bolded.

If one views the history of a watched page directly, without first viewing the page, the edit at the top (the most recent one) may be marked with update marker "" (or the ); this applies if the edit was made by someone else and you have not viewed the page (while logged in) since it was made. This is actually enabled together with email notification.

メール通知

 * See also for the 2013 extension.

From MediaWiki 1.5, you can get an e-mail after a watched page has been edited by somebody else. This will not be repeated until you view the page. Viewing a diff or the page history is not enough. Note that you have to be logged in when viewing the page, otherwise you will not be notified of further changes. Optionally this notification system can ignore minor changes (this is the default).

Whether the feature is enabled on a wiki can be seen in the preferences: if it is, the (default: "") will be one of the options of the main section. The notifications for user talk edits are enabled by another preference option.

Having a separate email for every edited page that one likes to watch in the sense of the other watch features, may be too much. New features are being proposed and developed to deal with this: the option to have e-mails sent, after a delay, with a list of edited pages, and/or the possibility to specify a subset of watched pages for e-mail notification. も参照してください.

For the latter, as a workaround, one may be tempted to log in under a different username just to specify a different (typically smaller) watchlist for e-mail notification. However, after viewing a page under one username, one would have to clear the notification flag for that page for the other username too.

Technical details: to enable it on a wiki, is set to true, and it still depends on preference settings. The email-message is the. メール通知を参照してください. Since May 2011 the feature is enabled on all Wikimedia projects for the user talk notifications, and since April 2012 for watchlist edits too. From early May 2012, the preference for edited pages to be added to watchlist is the default.

利用者の個人設定
The following options are (or can be) available in Preferences >> User Profile tab



よくある誤解
E-mail notification has many settings, so if you think you've missed something check them carefully.


 * The notifications about a page that "has been created" may be about any log action (such as protection) on the page, see bug 14901 and sons.
 * If you don't click the link in the notification, you won't receive it next time. Look for bolded items in your Special:Watchlist: they're pages you've not yet seen after recent changes and you won't be notified about them (note: your wiki may have hidden this essential highlighting feature).
 * Edits by authorised bots sometimes don't cause an email notification even if you've configured your preferences to receive one for that kind of action: namely, if they make a minor edit on your talk and you've set (only?) "". This behavior is not documented nor configurable and has some bugs; see bug 38874.

既知のバグ一覧も参照してください.

ウォッチできないもの
Watchlist only detects actual edits to the wikitext of the page.


 * Included pages:
 * Changes to transcluded pages can also change the way the watched page is rendered, however these changes do not appear in the watchlist. For more information see Help:Page history#Linking to a specific version of a page. One may choose to watch all the templates used, and the templates used by these templates, etc.


 * Actions will not appear in watchlist:
 * Note that after the move both the old and the new name are watched.
 * Note that after the move both the old and the new name are watched.


 * Some projects have special templates (such as sprotected) that should be added to protected pages, thus partly solving the problem.
 * Some projects have special templates (such as sprotected) that should be added to protected pages, thus partly solving the problem.


 * Some projects might have a policy to add a deletion notice to the page first, or even to notify main authors on their talk pages.
 * One can also periodically check Special:Watchlist/edit page and inspect all broken (red) links.
 * One can also periodically check Special:Watchlist/edit page and inspect all broken (red) links.


 * Images and Categories
 * Watching an image or a category means watching only the editable part. Watchlist will not show uploads of new versions of images. It is not possible to watch a category in the sense of being notified if pages are added or removed. With "related changes," additions to categories can be detected; for removals, one has to watch all pages in the category (also see Help:Category#Detection of additions to a category).

存在しないページをウォッチする
One can watch a nonexistent page. This page will appear in the watchlist changes when somebody creates it.

For example, if you watch a page that does not yet have a talk page, you will be notified when someone starts a new discussion on the talk page.

You can watch a page even if neither the content page nor the talk page exists. To do that, go to the page's URL, either by typing the URL directly or following a (broken) link, and then press "Watch" (depending on the skin you may have to press Cancel before getting the link Watch).

ページの移動とウォッチリスト
If a page you have watched is moved to a new title, the new title will be automatically added to your watchlist. Even if the page is later moved back, the new title will remain in your watchlist along with the old one.

Even if the new title is deleted after the page has been moved back, a note about the deletion will appear on your watchlist and the title will remain in your list of watched pages. If you notice mysterious nonexistent pages appearing on your watchlist, this is the most likely explanation.

Related changes feature


The "Related changes" can be used to set up watchlist-like functionality, as explained below.

Pages with links (possibly specially created for this purpose, e.g. as subpages of one's user page) can be used with Related Changes as a collection of separate "watchlists". Note however that unlike My Watchlist, Related Changes does not automatically include talk pages; to watch also the corresponding talk pages, links to them also have to be in the page on which Related Changes is applied. If the links to the talk pages are put just for this purpose, a blank space as link label can be used, which makes the link invisible and ineffective, except for Related Changes. Also, using Related Changes there is not the convenience of pressing a "watch" link to add the current page to the list of "watched pages".

Note that Related Changes does not detect an edit in the page itself and its talk page. Either include a self-link and a link to the talk page in the page, or put the page in another "special watchlist", or in one's standard watchlist.

Such pages can use the template mechanism to include other pages. However, see Pollution of categories.

Watching pages in a category by applying Related Changes to the category has a major drawback: removal of a page from the category is not detected.

An advantage of using Related Changes as alternative for the list of watched pages is that a revision history of the page(s) with links is available, while the system does not keep a record of pages that one has watched. However, Special:Watchlist/raw allows storage of the list: locally, or in a user subpage on the wiki.

If privacy is a concern, an advantage of the watchlist feature (if the list is not stored in a page on the wiki) is that it does not publicly reveal one's interest in a page (if one does not edit it). 下記も参照してください.

CSS
As an alternative or in addition to using the watchlist feature, one can also define a user style for links to selected pages, putting in one's CSS a list of lines like:

a[title ="pagename"] {color: white; background: red; font-size: 150% }

This works in Opera, but not in IE.

On the (Enhanced) Recent Changes page it works like the bolding feature mentioned above, but it is more versatile, e.g. allowing extra emphasis on pages one is very interested in, or different styles for different categories of interesting pages. Furthermore, it also works on user contributions pages, and on regular pages (also for piped links, but not for indirect links through a redirect). It also applies, less usefully, for the section editing links in the page itself.

To highlight links to the given page also from other websites, including interlanguage links, use instead of the above:

a[href ="full URL "] { .. }

Note that the full URL is needed, even to highlight links from the same project, even though the HTML code uses the relative URL /wiki/pagename.

ウォッチリストのプライバシー
Ordinary users or administrators cannot tell what is in your watchlist, or who is watching any particular page. Developers who have access to the servers that hold the Wikipedia database can figure out this kind of information. Publicly available database dumps do not include this kind of information.

関連項目

 * m:Watchlist sizes for enwiki 2004-08-11
 * m:Watchlist sizes for enwiki 2004-08-11