Manual:Restoring a wiki from backup/fr

Le wiki doit être sauvegardé régulièrement, même s'il vous n'avez jamais besoin de le restaurer : les sauvegardes rassurent. D'un autre côté la sauvegarde est inutile si vous ne pouvez pas restaurer, et s'entraîner à restaurer enlève l'angoisse à venir. D'où ces instructions.



Versions et mise à jour
Les instructions de cette page sont en majorité applicables à pratiquement toutes les versions de MediaWiki. Vous pouvez restaurer la base de données vers une version plus récente de MediaWiki, mais assurez-vous de bien exécuter le script de mise à jour. Par contre il ne vous est pas permis de restaurer une base de données issue d'une version récente, dans une version plus ancienne du logiciel.



Transfert de fichiers
A moins que vous ayez un accès direct au serveur qui héberge votre wiki (et même dans ce cas) il vous faudra choisir une méthode pour transférer les fichiers :


 * Secure copy with SCP or WinSCP
 * SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
 * Using a FTP client.
 * The hosting company might provide a file manager interface via the web browser, check with your provider.
 * Some other method, there is a list of these at List of file transfer protocols

Vue d’ensemble

 * 1) Re-create the database, user and permissions
 * 2) Import the database backup
 * 3) Import the MediaWiki files
 * 4) Check the configuration file
 * 5) Test



Recréer la base de données, les utilisateurs et les droits
Sur le serveur où vous restaurez MediaWiki, assurez-vous d'avoir


 * 1) une instance fonctionnelle de MySQL
 * 2) un utilisateur MySQL avec les droits suffisants dans le cas où vous ne pourriez pas utiliser l'utilisateur root de MySQL

If you are restoring from backup due to database corruption, consider reinstalling MySQL! Once MySQL is working properly, create a new MySQL database and grant your user account permissions on the database listed below. You may need to consult the MySQL documentation, your hosting provider's control panel documentation, or the documentation of any other utilities you are using for information on how to do this. From the MySQL prompt as MySQL user root you can:

CREATE DATABASE wikidb; CREATE USER wikidb_user IDENTIFIED BY &#39;wikidb_userpassword&#39;; USE wikidb; GRANT SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT, DELETE, ALTER, CREATE, INDEX, DROP, LOCK TABLES, USAGE ON wikidb.* TO wikidb_user;



Importer la sauvegarde d'une base de données
Puis importez la sauvegarde de votre base de données. Cela va créer les tables de la base de données et les remplir avec les données. Importing takes a variable amount of time, depending upon the number of pages, users, edits, etc. in your wiki.

Méthodes


A partir de la ligne de commande en utilisant
If a database exists and you want to entirely replace it from the backup. To destroy the database:

mysqladmin -u wikidb_user -p drop wikidb

Substituting as appropriate for  and. The  parameter will prompt you for the password.

Ensuite pour créer une nouvelle base de données :

mysqladmin -u wikidb_user -p create wikidb

For example after backing up with mysqldump: mysqldump --default-character-set=binary --user=wikidb_user --password=wikidb_userpassword wikidb > dump_of_wikidb.sql
 * 1) Don't do this now: This is how you might have created a backup earlier.
 * 1) The wikidatabase wikidb from which you backed up may have a different name
 * 2) than the wikidatabase wikidb you've created above. Of course wikidb_user and
 * 3) wikidb_userpassword may be different as well.

Make sure to specify the correct character set or the restore may fail, check  to find out which character set it is.

Pour importer  à partir de la ligne de commande faites simplement :

mysql -u wikidb_user -p wikidb < dump_of_wikidb.sql

and afterwards if required do:

php wikifolder/maintenance/update.php
 * 1) Most people name their wikifolder simply "w", making this pathname
 * 2) something like "htdocs/w/maintenance/update.php"

See also Executing SQL Statements from a Text File



Avec le navigateur pour phpMyAdmin
Open the browser to your phpMyAdmin, login, choose the wiki database. (Check LocalSettings.php if you're not sure). Select Structure, localhost, Your_Table. Select CheckAll. From the drop down select Drop, then Ok to wipe the old table. Click on Import, select Browse, pick your SQL file and import it. Press Go.

Remember to also restore file system components of the wiki that might be required, eg. images, logo, and extensions, (see above under mysql).

Depending on timeout settings and the size of the SQL file, it may take multiple attempts to import everything. Failure to complete the import may leave the database in an inconsistent state, e.g. with missing revisions.



A partir d'un dump XML
Main article: 

To import an XML dump into a wiki, use the command-line tool. Do:

php wikifolder/maintenance/importDump.php --dbpass wikidb_userpassword --quiet --wiki wikidb path-to-dumpfile/dumpfile.xml php wikifolder/maintenance/rebuildrecentchanges.php

Substitute,   and   as appropriate.

Afterwards use to import the images: php wikifolder/maintenance/importImages.php wikifolder_backup/images 

Importer les fichiers MediaWiki
Next, restore your backup of the MediaWiki filesystem: this is the final "large" step in the restore process.


 * If you followed the backup manual instructions, and backed up the entire directory, this will include the images and extensions directories, plus custom skins, etc. and the configuration file.
 * If you backed up only portions of the directory, e.g. images, extensions, etc. then you will need to first upload/copy a fresh install of the MediaWiki files, then transfer the backed-up directories and files into the correct locations in the new filesystem.



Pour effacer et restaurer le système de fichiers du wiki
Remember to also restore the file system components of the wiki that might be required, eg. images, logo, and extensions. Especially to edit  to check everything is correct. A sequence of Linux commands to wipe and restore the wiki file system could look like this:

wget http://download.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/ /mediawiki-.tar.gz tar -xvzf mediawiki-.tar.gz rm mediawiki-.tar.gz rm -fR wikifolder/ mv mediawiki- wikifolder rm -fR wikifolder/extensions/ cp -R wikifolder_backup/extensions wikifolder/extensions

Open the wiki from the browser and click on the Set up the wiki first link. See for details. If needed, you can run the command-line installer. After this is done edit  to suit the fresh install, restoring lines for extensions, etc. Restore from backup any other files, such as a custom logo and favicon to the correct paths.

If you've not installed as a root Linux/Unix user and the images and thumbnails don't work, you'll need to fix the owner or permissions recursively on the folder that has the uploaded images, usually in wikifolder/images.

Vérification du fichier de configuration
The final task involves verification of, and possibly modifying, the  file.


 * If you are restoring onto the same server from which you backed up, you probably need not change anything.
 * If you are restoring onto a new server (i.e., if you are moving or duplicating the MediaWiki), certain entries will almost undoubtedly require changing, and you may need to change the database connection information as well.

Check the following configuration options:

You might also need to check the paths to diff3, ImageMagick, etc.

Test
At this point, attempt to access the wiki on the new server and use it. Log in as a sysop and a regular user and check that viewing, creating and editing pages and uploading files still works. You will need to fix any problems reported either by PHP or MediaWiki itself.



Problèmes fréquents
After your move you might see PHP warnings stating that certain files could not be accessed. This is most likely caused by T37472: The column md_deps in the module-deps table contains absolute file paths, which are used to locate the images and LESS files that CSS depends on. These paths will break when the wiki is e.g. moved to another folder or to another server.

Until this bug is solved, you can use this workaround to manually fix wrong entries in the module_deps table: This can be used to update wrong path segments and to fix the error.



Voir aussi

 * (si vous n'avez pas de sauvegarde valide)
 * Script: Fullsiterestore
 * (si vous n'avez pas de sauvegarde valide)
 * Script: Fullsiterestore
 * Script: Fullsiterestore
 * Script: Fullsiterestore



Liens externes

 * Detailed instructions on 'Migrating to a new server'