Help:Extension:Translate/Translation best practices/zh

需要翻译的内容总是超过有效翻译者的工作量. 而维基媒体在运行中十分重视自愿翻译者工作的价值，即使并非绝大部分那么也有许多翻译者没有经过正式训练：成为一个好译员需要大量实践，这里提供了这样的机会以提升他们的能力. 翻译维基站点可以增强社交能力，且这里鼓励翻译者分组协作并采取“提问、但不猜测”的态度. 我们同时鼓励翻译管理员回答问题并欢迎新的翻译者.

在这样的欢迎中，未经正式训练的多语维基人也可以称为好的翻译者，但要达到专业标准通常需要数年的磨炼. 如果通过复核过程为翻译者提供直接和建设性的反馈则可以缩短这个过程需要的时间. 因为总有别人检查您的译文，所以经验丰富的翻译者也可有所收获，尽管有时可能只是些表面错误.

The long journey starts from the basics. Translators should be able to copy-edit in their own language, and have a conscious awareness of grammar; and they should have a reasonable understanding of the language they're translating from.

For small languages that are just starting to use computers and the internet, even the way to spell words or the vocabulary itself might still be under discussion. Regardless, translators should be prepared to create something new – there are bound to be words and concepts that have not been translated into their language before.

入门
Before starting, make sure you are able to type and read in your language. This might involve installing additional fonts and key maps for your computer.

Orient yourself. You might find many reasons to translate, whether you just do it for fun, hone your skills and accumulate credit or just want to give something back to the causes you support. You should understand and adopt the core principles of translation, like translating the meaning, not word by word, but still trying to be as close as possible to the original text.

Try to join pre-existing translation communities and ask others to review your work. You will encounter non-linguistic mark-up like variables and wiki text when translating. The gist in that is to recognize what parts should be left untranslated and what is the special meaning of them.

消息文档
The plain source text is not enough to make good translations. This is more relevant in shorter texts, but it applies to all texts. With the Translate extension, along with each message, there is a place to provide context and more information for translators; such message documentation is wiki text and can contain anything from links to images. It might take a few minutes to write good documentation for a message, but that documentation will save each of the potentially hundreds of translators a minute or more and produce higher quality translations, so it's definitely worth it.

It is possible to configure an Ask question button to show up in the translation editor. This provides a low barrier and very direct way for translators to make sure they are making a good translation, instead of making a best guess translation. Of course you should make sure that someone will be on the target support page to answer the questions and update the message documentation, otherwise translators will only be discouraged.

一致性
The translation administrators can make glossaries and link them from the group description or use them in the translation documentation descriptions. When multiple translators work together, it is crucial that they first of all recognize the terminology, and secondly that they use the same translations. When making glossaries, it is a good idea to write a short definition for each term instead of just providing translations. The definition helps translators to understand and apply them better in their translations, and is also a good exercise to improve consistency in source texts.

扩展阅读

 * Foss localisation manual – http://www.africanlocalisation.net/foss-localisation-manual
 * A good introduction for translators, although the chapters about other localisation tools are not relevant here.


 * FOSS localisation – FOSS Localization
 * Less of a translator-oriented book, this discusses localisation in a bigger picture. It contains some information about localisation efforts in Asia.


 * Sourceforge localisation guide – http://translate.sourceforge.net/wiki/guide/start
 * Not very good, but may be useful sometimes.


 * Translating WordPress – http://codex.wordpress.org/Translating_WordPress
 * Specifically for WordPress, but with some general advice


 * Writing for translation – http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/writing-for-translation-pbTF3110675/
 * A booklet from the Translation Centre for bodies of the European Union (CdT), especially for longer texts but always valid