Manual:Installing MediaWiki/pt

O MediaWiki instala-se a si mesmo usando um ficheiro de comandos de instalação interativo, com uma interface para uso pela Internet. Antes de executar este ficheiro de comandos, precisa de fazer algumas coisas: consulte os pré-requisitos ou o guia de instalação breve para peritos.

O MediaWiki pode ser difícil de instalar para o utilizador médio, sem experiência de Apache, PHP e MySQL/MariaDB. A maioria dos utilizadores que desejam criar uma wiki têm a tarefa facilitada se usarem um serviço grátis de alojamento do MediaWiki ou um pacote de programas.

Descarregar o programa MediaWiki
Pode descarregar uma versão estável do MediaWiki na página oficial de download: em geral, em ambientes de produção/exploração deve executar uma versão estável.

Para descarregar o MediaWiki, que é a última versão estável, para uma máquina *nix pode usar o seguinte comando: wget https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki//mediawiki-.tar.gz Como alternativa, usando cURL:

curl -O https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki//mediawiki-.tar.gz

Os ficheiros descarregados estarão no formato, por isso terão de ser descompactados antes de serem usados. Isto pode ser feito localmente (e depois carregado no seu servidor via FTP) ou diretamente no servidor. No Windows, a descompactação pode ser feita com programas como 7-Zip (grátis), WinZip, WinRAR ou IZArc (grátis). Em Linux e no Mac OS X, pode descompactar o arquivo usando este comando:

tar xvzf mediawiki-*.tar.gz

Para programadores
Developers on the other hand should probably download from Git to set up a local repository with the latest code in development. They will also need to manually install dependencies via Composer.

Upload files to your server
If you have not already uploaded the files to your web server, do so now.

Upload the files to your web server's web directory either by:


 * 1) directly copying the unzipped folder or
 * 2) by using an FTP client such as FileZilla (Open Source Software, Windows, OSX and Linux) or Cyberduck (OSX).

If your upload tool has a "change file names to lowercase" option, then you must disable this.

If you installed Apache, the correct directory is specified in your  file (it's the DocumentRoot directive, typically   or  ). Note: This changed in Ubuntu 14.04 with Apache 2.4.7 where the primary configuration file for Apache server settings and directories is.

If you are using a Linux or Unix server you can instead copy the files to any directory on your server and then make a symbolic link to that folder from your web server's web directory.

Rename the uploaded folder to whatever you would like to have in the URL. If your web server is running as  for example, renaming to   directory would mean you would access your wiki at. Do not use  if you want to use it as a Short URL. (And don't set up short URLs until you have run the installation script.)

This (renamed) folder will now be referred as.

Create a database
If you already have a database server and know the root password for it, the MediaWiki installation script can create a new database for you. If this is the case, you can skip to the Run the installation script section below. If you don't know the root password, for example if you are on a hosted server, you will have to create a new database now. Currently, you must use SQLite, MariaDB/MySQL or PostgreSQL to store the actual contents of your wiki.

SQLite
SQLite is a stand-alone database library that stores the database contents in a single file. If PHP has the  module, no further setup is required.

On the installation page, you will need to choose a database name (which can be anything) and the SQLite database directory. For the database directory, the installer will attempt to use a subdirectory outside of the document root and create it if needed. If this directory is not safe (for example, web-readable), change it manually to avoid making it accessible to everyone on the web.

MariaDB/MySQL
MediaWiki will ask you for database and user name and will attempt to create them if they don't already exist. If doing so from MediaWiki is impossible, you can do this using various control panels such as PhpMyAdmin, which are often available from shared hosts, or you may be able to use ssh to login to your host and type the commands into a MySQL prompt. See the corresponding documentation. Alternatively, contact your host provider to have them create an account for you.

If your database is not running on the same server as your web server, you need to give the appropriate web server hostname -- mediawiki.example.com in my example -- as follows:

PostgreSQL
If you are using PostgreSQL, you will need to either have a database and user created for you, or simply supply the name of a PostgreSQL user with "superuser" privileges to the configuration form. Often, this is the database user named postgres.

Here's one way to do most of the setup. This is for a Unix-like system. In this example, we'll create a database named wikidb, owned by a user named wikiuser. From the command-line, as the postgres user, perform the following steps.

createuser -S -D -R -P -E wikiuser (then enter the password) createdb -O wikiuser wikidb

or as superuser (default postgres) execute the following commands at the database prompt:

CREATE USER wikiuser WITH NOCREATEDB NOCREATEROLE NOSUPERUSER ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'password'; CREATE DATABASE wikidb WITH OWNER wikiuser;

Beware of the list of known issues when running MediaWiki with PostgreSQL.

Run the installation script
Once all of the above steps are complete, you can complete the installation through a web browser by going to the index.php URL in your browser — check the instructions mentioned in.

The installation tool will prompt you to download the file, and to save this as.

Alternatively, you can run the command-line installer or CLI:  adding the appropriate configuration parameters.

Keep up to date!
Subscribe to our release announcements mailing list.

Once installed, make sure you stay up to date with releases, and keep your server secure!

Installation assistance

 * Read the FAQ about installation and configuration
 * Chat with MediaWiki developers, system administrators, and users:
 * The mediawiki-l mailing List is the high-traffic list on which to ask for support