Manual:Upgrading/fr



Transfert de fichier
Choisissez une méthode pour transférer les fichiers :


 * wget
 * Transfert sécurisé avec SCP ou WinSCP
 * SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
 * Utiliser un client FTP.
 * Votre hébergeur peut mettre à disposition un gestionnaire de fichiers en ligne, vérifiez auprès de votre hébergeur.
 * Une autre méthode. Voir List of file transfer protocols

Préalable
Lisez.


 * 1) Vérifiez les prérequis
 * 2) Lisez les notes de version
 * 3) Sauvegardez les fichiers existants et la base de données
 * 4) Décompressez les nouveaux fichiers
 * 5) Mettez à jour les extensions
 * 6) Exécutez le script de mise à jour pour vérifier la base de données
 * 7) Testez la mise à jour


 * 1) Vérifiez les paramètres nécessaires

MediaWiki nécessite :


 * PHP +
 * L'une des options suivantes :
 * MySQL + (ou équivalent MariaDB)
 * PostgreSQL 8.3+
 * SQLite 3.3.7+
 * Oracle 9.0.1+

Si vous utilisez PostgreSQL, veuillez lire également

Pour plus d'information, lisez et.

Lisez les notes de version
Dans l'archive de l'installation ou dans les fichiers obtenus depuis Git sont présents des fichiers nommés en majuscules dont un contient les notes de version  (wiki). Il est maintenant temps de l'ouvrir et de rechercher ce qui a changé dans cette version.

Sauvegarder les fichiers existants et la base de données

 * Instructions complètes : 

Même si les scripts de mise à jour sont maintenus et robustes, les choses peuvent mal tourner. Avant de procéder à la mise à jour du schéma de base de données, faites une sauvegarde complète du wiki, incluant à la fois la base de données et les fichiers :
 * le contenu du wiki, en commençant par la base de données (assurez-vous de spécifier correctement le jeu de caractères, vérifiez d'abord dans Localsettings.php). Il peut être utile de générer un export XML en plus de l'export SQL de la base de données.
 * MySQL, les deux exports SQL et XML sont à utiliser avec la commande :

mysqldump --user=wikidb_user --password=wikidb_userpassword wikidb > file.sql mysqldump --user=wikidb_user --password=wikidb_userpassword wikidb --xml > file.xml
 * PostgreSQL, un export de la base de données à utiliser avec la commande  :

pg_dump --create -Fc wikidb > file.db.dump
 * SQLite, utilisez un script de MediaWiki pour créer la sauvegarde :

php wikifolder/maintenance/sqlite.php --backup-to file
 * les images et autres fichiers multimédia (le contenu du dossier images, logo /skins/common/images/wiki.png personnalisés)
 * les fichiers de configuration, comme par exemple Localsettings.php et .htaccess (si présent)
 * les fichiers du programme MediaWiki, en incluant toutes les apparences et extensions en particulier si vous les avez modifiés.

Utiliser le paquet tarball
Vous pouvez déposer les nouveaux fichiers en utilisant FTP ou la ligne de commande. Privilégiez la ligne de commande si vous y avez accès ! Celle-ci sera beaucoup plus rapide que de transférer un à un chacun des fichiers qui composent l'installation via FTP.

Vous devriez extraire les fichiers de l'archive tarball dans un répertoire vide sur votre serveur. Si vous choisissez d'extraire l'archive de la nouvelle version directement à la racine de votre vielle version, plutôt que dans un nouveau répertoire, suivez les instructions dans Back up existing files and the database : sinon, les customisations préalablement effectuées pourraient être perdues sans possibilité de les retrouver pour les ré-appliquer. Extraire l'archive à la racine de votre copie de production de MediaWiki risque de laisser derrière des fichiers de l'ancienne version de MediaWiki qui peuvent interférer avec le code mis à jour. Il est recommandé de décompresser les nouveaux fichiers dans un nouveau répertoire, et ensuite d'appliquer les modifications sur le nouveau répertoire (restaurer LocalSettings.php, le dossier des images, les extensions, et autres modifications comme les apparences personnalisées)

Client FTP ou interface graphique
Si vous ne pouvez pas utiliser la console sur votre serveur, téléchargez l'archive MediaWiki en local et utilisez 7zip pour extraire l'archive en local.

Une fois les fichiers extraits, utilisez le client FTP de votre choix pour héberger les dossiers et fichiers sur le serveur.

Ligne de commande
Il est possible que vous ayez à exécuter les commandes en tant que sudo si votre compte courant n'a pas toutes les permissions d'écriture dans le directoire d'installation du wiki. Lors de l'extraction de l'archive tarball de MediaWiki normalement se créera un nouveau directoire pour la version de MediaWiki et vous aurez à y copier les anciens fichiers de configuration et le dossier 'images' depuis le directoire où se trouve l'installation antérieure :

$ cd /path/to/your/new/installation/ $ wget https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki//mediawiki-.tar.gz $ tar -xvzf mediawiki-.tar.gz $ rm mediawiki-.tar.gz

Les utilisateurs d'(Open)Solaris doivent utiliser gtar ou :

$ gzip -dc mediawiki-.tar.gz | tar xf -

Autres fichiers
Après avoir extrait les fichiers, vous devez copier ou déplacer quelques fichiers et dossiers depuis l'ancien répertoire d'installation vers le nouveau : Une fois fait ceci, faites de ce nouveau dossier le dossier publié sur le serveur, ou renommez le dossier d'installation antérieur puis renommez le nouveau pour qu'il coïncide avec le nom du précédent.
 * , qui contient les options de votre précédente configuration.
 * Le répertoire  (ou   dans des versions antérieures), qui contient tous les fichiers hébergés sur le wiki, sauf si vous avez spécifié un dossier d'upload des fichiers différent. Vous devrez changer le propriétaire et les permissions de façon appropriée, par exemple avec   et   si l'utilisateur web est apache.
 * Les extensions dans le répertoire . Vous devriez toujours utiliser des versions actualisées des extensions ; il n'est pas garanti que les anciennes extensions fonctionnent avec une version plus récente de MediaWiki.
 * Si utilisez un logo personnalisé, ce fichier doit aussi être restauré à partir de la sauvegarde. Avant la version 1.24 il doit se trouver dans . À partir de la version 1.24 il se trouve dans le dossier   ou dans   si vous avez préféré l'utiliser. Dans ce cas indiquez-le dans Localsettings.php, par exemple avec.
 * Les apparences personnalisées au sein du répertoire.
 * Toutes modifications réalisées sur les anciens fichiers d'installation ou aux extensions.
 * Les éventuels fichiers .htaccess (si vous utlisez Apache et que vous y avez défini des règles).

En utilisant Git
Si vous utilisez, exportez les fichiers dans un dossier vide et ensuite copiez uniquement les fichiers modifiés dans le nouveau répertoire comme détaillé dans la section précédente.

Si vous mettez à jour vers MediaWiki 1.25 ou supérieur, vous devrez aussi installer certaines bibliothèques PHP externes via Composer ou une archive maintenue la ferme de wikis de Wikimedia. Plus de détails sur l'installation et l'actualisation des bibliothèques externes au sein de la documentation téléchargée depuis Git.

En usant un patch
A small patch file is usually made available for a minor version upgrade. Manually download and extract the patch file from the dumps site or follow the directions with wget below. Patches are incremental, you can not  skip a version.


 * 1) cd to your main MediaWiki directory (the one with LocalSettings.php).
 * 2) Download the patch file and gunzip it.
 * 3) Use   to check what will be changed (e.g.,  )
 * 4) If all is well, run patch again without.
 * 5) Check your Special:Version and you should see the new version number in place.

Files remaining that may cause errors
If you unpacked over the old installation directory, some old files can cause problems with the new version.

If you are not using profiling, but have a  file in the MediaWiki root folder, you may receive errors referring to. Deleting, or renaming, the  file will resolve this error. The  file, also in the MediaWiki root folder, can serve as a template should you enable profiling in the future.

MediaWiki 1.23 deprecates the skin autodiscovery mechanism of core skin files. After upgrading to this version, you should ensure that the old files,  ,   and   directly in the   directory as well as the according subfolders inside the   directory got removed. MediaWiki will log warnings if any of them are still found to help you remember. (You will also need to adjust any custom skins to follow a similar convention.) See for details.

MediaWiki 1.24 changes the paths of core skin files. After upgrading to this version, you should ensure that the old files,  ,   and   directly in the   directory are no longer present. See for details.

Mettre à jour les extensions
Certain extensions have been updated in order to work with the new version of MediaWiki. Be sure to upgrade to the latest versions of such extensions. You might need to perform manual updates to custom extensions.

Different tarballs include some subsets of extensions and have versioning which helps you upgrade choosing the right one for your MediaWiki core release.

Extension Distributor works well for most people who want a snapshot of extensions that will work with their supported versions of MediaWiki.

If you want a lot of extensions then downloading from Git is probably best.

Adapt your LocalSettings.php
If you use the same LocalSettings.php from the old version, you may need to adapt it to how new versions handle it:

Skin registration
Since MediaWiki 1.24, bundled skins like Vector, Monobook, Modern and CologneBlue are no longer part of MediaWiki core, and they need to be registered explicitly in LocalSettings.php to use them, otherwise MediaWiki will warn that you don't have installed skins.

This is what you need to add to LocalSettings.php when upgrading from versions older than 1.24 and want to have available one of those skins:

This code is for MediaWiki 1.25 and newer. For MediaWiki 1.24 you need to use the following code:

Other skins may still not be adapted to the new skin registration system, so refer to the documentation page about each skin to see how to register it properly in case of problems.

Extension registration
Since MediaWiki 1.25, extensions use a new extension registration system.

Previously your LocalSettings.php would include something like:

This can be converted to:

Extensions are being adapted to use the new extension registration system. Extensions that are not adapted should use the old way of installing them. Refer to the installation instructions on the extension's page for more information.

Other variables
Some variables may be obsolete or even removed. Having them in LocalSettings.php</tt> usually won't have any effect. New variables may be added in newer versions, or some existing variables changed their type. We usually try to use sane defaults for them, and in case of type change, be backwards compatible. In any case, take a look to the release notes to see those changes.

Run the update script
You can upgrade the MediaWiki database in two ways: Either from the command line or from the web browser. If you have shell access to your server, upgrading from the command line is recommended, since this reduces the risk of the upgrade process being interrupted by a timeout or connection reset.

The script will also attempt to download any missing dependency which MediaWiki needs.

Command line
Access the command line of your server or an SSH shell or similar. You can access the command line by connecting to your server via SSH. If the local PC you are working on runs Microsoft Windows, you will need a tool like PuTTY to use SSH. From the command line or the Shell, change to the maintenance</tt> directory and execute the update script:

$ php update.php On a Linux server if you get an error try performing the same command as root ( sudo php maintenance/update.php ). Note for simple installations on Windows (e.g. with ): First make sure that your web server (such as Apache) and your database (such as MySQL) are running. Then run update.php: right-click it, select Open With, and browse to PHP.exe. The resulting command prompt window will likely autoclose when the schema upgrade completes.

You might see a message that your PHP version is too old and that MediaWiki needs a newer version. After that message the update aborts. Reason for this error is that the command line can use another PHP version than that one which you have when you execute MediaWiki from the web server. When you get this message you should check, if you can execute a newer PHP version on the shell by using a different command: That might e.g. be php5 or php56. If another version is available and - if so - under which name, depends on the setup of your server. If it does not work, ask your hoster; he will surely know.

MediaWiki will inspect the existing schema and update it to work with the new code, adding tables and columns as needed.

What to do in case of "ALTER command denied to user" error (or similar)
In case the scripts abort with a message similar to: Error: 1142 ALTER command denied to user 'wiki'@'localhost' for table 'mytable' (localhost) ERROR: must be the owner of the mytable relation This means that you should check that you have defined and  in your  file (in the main directory). These are the user and password needed by this script in order to access to the database.

What to do in case of "unexpected T_STRING" error
Individuals running update.php from the command line may encounter the following error: <pre style="overflow:auto;"> syntax error, unexpected T_STRING, expecting T_OLD_FUNCTION or T_FUNCTION or T_VAR or '}' \ in ~/maintenance/commandLine.inc on line 13 This error occurs when update.php is run from php4.

Individuals who have their site hosted by providers who provide both php4 and php5 should take the following steps:
 * 1) from the command line, enter the command 'whereis php5'
 * 2) once you have discerned the location of the php5 path, list the contents of php5/bin directory
 * 3) once you've determined the name of the php executable (either php or php5), type in the entire path to execute update.php

Below is an example: <pre style="overflow:auto;"> $ whereis php5 $ ls -la /usr/local/php5/bin $ /usr/local/php5/bin/php update.php

What to do in case of 'register_argc_argv is set to false' error
You may encounter the error: <pre style="overflow:auto;"> Cannot get command line arguments, register_argc_argv is set to false

<pre style="overflow:auto;"> register_argc_argv=true
 * 1) Go to ~/maintenance. Either edit an existing 'php.ini' file, or create one.
 * 2) Add a line as follows:
 * 1) Re-run php update.php

Web browser

 * See also 

If your database is already big and in high production usage, then you should not be using the Web updater, e.g. because the update process will time out when the maximum_execution_time is reached. In that case you should use update.php from the command-line interface (not from the web). What exactly is "too big" depends on your server (e.g. on its performance, the load and on how long the maximum execution time of PHP allows the script to run). If your wiki is too big for the web updater and your hosting provider does not allow command-line access, then you need to migrate your wiki to another hosting account, preferably to one that does have shell access.

It might happen that the web-updater does not seem to work: Instead of seeing the initial language selection screen, you might see an empty wiki page, possibly with some error message. In this case it is most likely that your webserver uses Rewrite Rules (most likely for short URLs), which do not show you the updater at mw-config/, but a wiki page at Mw-config/, with capital "M". In this case, rename the .htaccess file for the time of the update. Then you should be able to access the web-updater.
 * 1) Always backup before performing database maintenance.
 * 2) Navigate your webbrowser to /mw-config/</tt>. For example, if your wiki is at  http://example.org/w/index.php </tt>, then navigate to  http://example.org/w/mw-config/ </tt>.
 * 3) Select your language and click continue.
 * 4) The existing installation should be detected. Follow the instructions on the screen to upgrade it. If asked for the "upgrade key", open your  file and look for the key assigned to.

Test the update
Once the upgrade has been completed, browse to the wiki and check that the following operations work as expected:
 * Viewing pages
 * Editing pages
 * Uploading a file
 * Visit Special:Version and check that the version shown is correct and that the extensions are present.

Frequently asked questions
<section begin=FAQ />

How hard is it to upgrade?
If the only file you have modified is, and you are upgrading from 1.5 or later, the process is very simple. The amount of human work involved is only a few minutes. The database schema changes will take an amount of time proportional to the size of your database — potentially hours for wikis with millions of pages, but for a more typical size of a few thousand pages, it is usually done in seconds.

Minor upgrades, within the same major version, say from 1.13.0 to 1.13.1, do not require any schema changes at all. You can just update the files. The database needs no update, hence it is not necessary to run the installer script.

Upgrading from 1.4 or earlier is potentially complicated because support for character sets other than UTF-8 was dropped, and the schema for storing bulk text changed. Please read the relevant section in the UPGRADE</tt> file.

Upgrading becomes difficult if you have modified our source code, and you don't want your changes to be overwritten. Tools such as diff, patch, Meld or WinMerge may be useful. There is also potential for trouble if you are using unmaintained extensions. Upgrade your extensions at the same time as you upgrade MediaWiki.

If you have modified the skin or use a custom skin you very likely will have to adjust it to work again with the new version of MediaWiki.
 * Instead of patching your "global" css and js (javascript) files everytime you can simply add the code to your MediaWiki:Common.js and MediaWiki:Common.css pages. As these are part of the database which will be reused when you upgrade, you will not have to patch the MediaWiki core files any more.

How do I upgrade from a really old version? In one step, or in several steps?
It depends: If you are upgrading from MediaWiki 1.4 or older, you should upgrade to MediaWiki 1.5 first. If you are upgrading from a Latin-1 wiki, use upgrade1_5.php (found in MediaWiki 1.5) to convert the relevant parts of the database to UTF-8 ( needs to be set to true in your for this to work). Next, run update.php, and then set the option in LocalSettings.php to the encoding previously used by the wiki (e.g. windows-1252). This is basically how Wikipedia and other Wikimedia Foundation sites were upgraded from MediaWiki 1.4 to 1.5 – see the relevant settings file (warning: huge page!) and some related notes at Wikitech. You may need to upgrade to MediaWiki 1.4 before running the upgrade1.5 script.

If you are upgrading from MediaWiki 1.5 or newer, you can upgrade in one step, from your old version to the latest stable version. The vast majority of reports, as well as automated testing, indicate that doing it in one step works just fine. If you have trouble believing this, read this mailing list post. However, please note that when you update from old versions, chances that you will encounter PHP errors are bigger than when you upgrade from the version directly previous to the new version. You would have received these errors anyway, also if you had not skipped versions, but if you had each time done each single update. Only will you - when you skipped versions - get them all at the same time. This will make the upgrade more difficult, but do not forget that you did not have the trouble updating to the intermediate versions, which you skipped!

If upgrading from a MediaWiki version below 1.19, you may need to add the sha1 field to the revision table manually before running the update script (see and a relevant support desk thread).

Dois-je faire une sauvegarde préalable ?
Réponse courte : oui.

Réponse plus longue : cela dépend de a) la valeur que vous prêtez à vos données, b) la difficulté à créer une sauvegarde et c) l'expérience que vous avez en entretien et administration de MySQL.

An upgrade failure may leave your database in an inconsistent state, in between two versions. A PHP or MySQL error might happen during upgrade leaving your database partly upgraded. In such situations it may be possible to somehow fix this problem with much manual work. However, it will be way easier to just put a database backup from before running update.php in place and to continue with that. Otherwise you might have hours of - needless - work.

Recovery is often complex. Volunteers on the support forums are unlikely to be impressed if you neglect to make a backup and then need help to recover from upgrade-related corruption. A better outcome is if you can revert to your backup, and then report the bug against the corresponding MediaWiki project in the upgrade process which caused the corruption.

Puis-je conserver mon fichier LocalSettings.php ?
Oui, mais il se peut que vous deviez faire quelques petits changements. Le format de est fondamentalement compatible avec les versions précédentes. Les changements qui peuvent casser la compatibilité de Localsettings.php sont documentés dans la section "Changements dans la configuration" des notes de version.

Est-ce que mon wiki peut rester en ligne pendant la mise à jour ?
En général oui, néanmoins Git peut le casser temporairement (pendant quelques secondes).

Si vous mettez à jour entre des versions mineures de MediaWiki, il est uniquement nécessaire de mettre à jour les fichiers source.

Note : ce qui suit suppose que vous avez accès à la ligne de commande. Si vous êtes en train de mettre à jour entre des versions majeures de MediaWiki, la procédure recommandée est la suivante :
 * 1) Décompressez la nouvelle version de MediaWiki dans un nouveau dossier.
 * 2) Préparez ce nouveau dossier : copiez votre Localsettings.php actuel de l'ancien répertoire, ainsi que les extensions et apparences personnalisées que vous pouvez avoir installées.
 * 3) Dans les notes de version de la nouvelle version, vérifiez s'il faut faire des modifications dans Localsettings.php.
 * 4) Mettez la base de données en lecture seule en insérant la variable suivante dans Localsettings.php de l'ancien répertoire ; les utilisateurs verront ce message s'ils essaient de modifier une page pendant le processus de mise à jour :
 * 1) Exécutez le script de mise à jour ou via l'interface web dans le nouveau dossier.
 * 2) Copiez les images du sous-dossier 'images' de l'ancien répertoire vers le nouveau.


 * 1) Échangez l'ancien répertoire avec le nouveau.

Pourquoi mettre à jour ?

 * ''Abonnez-vous à la liste mediawiki-announce pour être notifié des nouvelles versions.

Parce que c'est souvent suffisamment facile, en une étape depuis votre version vers la dernière et aussi via web.

Recent releases receive security fixes to keep your wiki and your host safe from vandals, while old releases don't (see ). That makes dozens good reasons to upgrade!

New major releases come with new features, which you might want to use: see the release notes for details. In case you need additional arguments to convince your bosses to let you upgrade from a pretty old version, here is a summary:


 * Since 1.5, edits can be previewed before saving also as diff.
 * Since 1.9, an undo button is available.
 * Since 1.12, patrolling on Special:NewPages is much easier.
 * Since 1.13, you can rename (move) files.
 * Since 1.14, you can fix double redirects automatically.
 * Since 1.16, is available.
 * If you have appropriate caching, since 1.17 optimizes pageload speeds a lot.
 * Since 1.17, category sorting makes sense! (especially for non-English letters); extended to 68 languages after 1.21.
 * Since 1.18 and 1.19, users of all languages and genders are correctly addressed by the interface and logs (before 1.15, no gender at all).
 * In 1.19 the skinning system was reworked making it easier to reuse parts of existing skins in your own skins.
 * Since 1.20, diffs are better readable.
 * In 1.21 and 1.23, email notifications become clearer and more predictable, making your wiki more effective.
 * Since 1.22, vandal fighting (patrolling) is less time-consuming.

See also the list of the most voted fixed issues on up to 2014.

Also, in MediaWiki 1.18 we started bundling some vital extensions, like a better editor and anti-vandalism tools ConfirmEdit and Nuke; more have been added in later releases. <section end=FAQ />

Voir aussi

 * Un article du blog de Greg Sabino Mullane offre plus de détails sur les mises à jour mineures.
 * Le support si vous avez besoin d'aide ou quelque chose s'est mal passé
 * (if you don't have a successful backup)
 * (if you don't have a successful backup)
 * (if you don't have a successful backup)
 * (if you don't have a successful backup)
 * (if you don't have a successful backup)