Manual:Job queue

In MediaWiki 1.6, a job queue was introduced to perform long-running tasks asynchronously. The job queue is designed to hold many short tasks using batch processing.

Performance issue
By default, each time a request runs, one job is taken from the job queue and executed. If the performance burden of this is too great, you can reduce $wgJobRunRate by putting something like this in your LocalSettings.php:

There is also a way to empty the job queue manually, for example after changing a template that's present on many pages. Simply run the maintenance/runJobs.php maintenance script. For example:

MediaWiki also allows you to set the $wgJobRunRate to 0, and then use some sort of scheduler to run jobs completely in the background. For instance, if you were to use cron to run the jobs every day at midnight you would enter in your crontab file:

Changes introduced in MediaWiki 1.22
In MediaWiki 1.22, the job queue execution on each page request was changed so, instead of executing the job inside the same PHP process that's rendering the page, a new PHP cli command is spawned to execute runJobs.php in the background. It will only work if $wgPhpCli is set to an actual path or safe mode is off, otherwise, the old method will be used.

This new execution method can cause some problems:
 * If $wgPhpCli is set to an incompatible version of PHP (e.g.: an outdated version) jobs may fail to run.
 * PHP  restrictions are in effect, and $wgPhpCli is disallowed ( STATUS:NEW).
 * Performance: even if the job queue is empty, the new PHP process is started anyway ( STATUS:NEW).
 * Sometimes the spawning PHP process cause the server or only the CLI process to hang due to stdout and stderr descriptors not properly redirected ( STATUS:RESOLVED FIXED)
 * It does not work for shared code (wiki farms), because it doesn't pass additional required parameters to runJobs.php to identify the wiki that's running the job ( STATUS:NEW)
 * Normal shell limits like $wgMaxShellMemory, $wgMaxShellTime and $wgMaxShellFileSize are enforced on the runJobs.php process that's being executed in background.

There's no way to revert to the old on-request job queue handling, besides setting $wgPhpCli to, for example, which may cause other problems. It can be disabled completely by setting, but jobs will no longer run on page requests, and you must explicitly run runJobs.php to periodically run pending jobs.

MediaWiki 1.23
In MediaWiki 1.23, the 1.22 execution method is abandoned, and jobs are triggered by MediaWiki making an HTTP connection to itself.

It was first designed as an API entry point but later changed to be an unlisted Special Page: SpecialRunJobs.php.

Updating links tables when a template changes
MediaWiki 1.6 adds a job to the job queue for each article using a template. Each job is a command to read an article, expand any templates, and update the link table accordingly. So null edits are no longer necessary, although it may take a while for big operations to complete. This can help to ease strain on a virtual person.

HTML cache invalidation
A wider class of operations can result in invalidation of the HTML cache for a large number of pages:


 * Changing an image (all the thumbnails have to be re-rendered, and their sizes recalculated)
 * Deleting a page (all the links to it from other pages need to change from blue to red)
 * Creating or undeleting a page (like above, but from red to blue)
 * Changing a template (all the pages that transclude the template need updating)

Except for template changes, these operations do not invalidate the links tables, but they do invalidate the HTML cache of all pages linking to that page, or using that image. Invalidating the cache of a page is a short operation; it only requires updating a single database field and sending a multicast packet to clear the caches. But if there are more than about 1000 to do, it takes a long time. By default, jobs are added when more than 500 pages need to be invalidated, one job per 500 operations (see Manual:$wgUpdateRowsPerJob).

Typical values
During a period of low load, the job queue might be zero. At Wikimedia, the job queue is, in practice, almost never zero. In off-peak hours, it might be a few hundred to a thousand. During a busy day, it might be a few million, but it can quickly fluctuate by 10% or more.

Special:Statistics
Up to MediaWiki 1.16, the job queue value was shown on Special:Statistics. However, since 1.17 (75272) it's been removed, and can be seen now with API:Meta:

The number of jobs returned in the API result may be slightly inaccurate when using MySQL, which estimates the number of jobs in the database. This number can fluctuate based on the number of jobs that have recently been added or deleted. For other databases that do not support fast result-size estimation, the actual number of jobs is given.

For developers

 * Job queue for developers