Manual:LocalSettings.php/de

Die Datei   bietet lokale Konfigurationseinstellungen (basierend auf der  Datei) einer MediaWiki-Installation. Sie sollten sich Zeit nehmen, um die Einstellungen in dieser Datei zu überprüfen. Die Datei wird normalerweise durch den web-basierten Installer MediaWiki generiert, aber vielleicht möchten Sie einige der Parameter optimieren, möglicherweise im Zusammenspiel mit Apache-Einstellungen. Für MediaWiki-Installationen die als Wiki-Farm konfiguriert sind, kann eine Datei mit dem Namen  verwendet werden.

Ändern einer Einstellung bedeutet in der Regel Sie ändern den Wert einer PHP-Variable. Vielleicht möchten Sie sich erst mit der PHP-Syntax vertraut machen, bevor Sie direkt loslegen. Als Faustregel gilt, dass man im Hinterkopf behält, dass auf PHP-Variablen durch einen vorangestellten "$"-Zeichen vor dem Variablennamen zugegriffen wird; viele Variablen sind einfach entweder auf wahr oder falsch  eingestellt.

Ihre Änderungen werden sofort nach dem Speichern der Datei wirksam: es gibt keine Notwendigkeit, irgend etwas manuell "neu zu starten". In einigen Fällen müssen Sie möglicherweise den Cache Ihres Browsers löschen, um Änderungen zu sehen.

Die Standardwerte von vielen weiteren Einstellungen werden in includes/DefaultSettings.php, was nicht editiert werden sollte; wenn die Variable die Sie ändern möchten nicht bereits in Ihrer LocalSettings.php erwähnt ist, kopieren Sie die entsprechende Zeile aus DefaultSettings und ändern Sie sie entsprechend. Innerhalb der LocalSettings.php könnte man neue Zeilen am Ende hinzufügen. Alle wie diese Linien, sollten auf jeden Fall unterhalb der Linie erscheinen die sagt 'require_once( "includes/DefaultSettings.php" );'.

Within the file, there can also be several lines such as 'require_once( "extensions/extension.php" );', which link to other extensions enabled on the wiki. Those extensions may require setting the values of more variables in LocalSettings.php; check the extension's documentation for further instructions. A list of extensions is available at Extension Matrix.


 * In MediaWiki 1.16 and earlier it is important to not place extensions before the require_once( "includes/DefaultSettings.php" ); line; that will blank the extension setup function arrays, causing no extensions to be installed, and probably making your wiki inaccessible. Since 1.17 it's no longer necessary for LocalSettings.php to include DefaultSettings.php.
 * In MediaWiki 1.16 and earlier it is important to not place extensions before the require_once( "includes/DefaultSettings.php" );</tt> line; that will blank the extension setup function arrays, causing no extensions to be installed, and probably making your wiki inaccessible. Since 1.17 it's no longer necessary for LocalSettings.php to include DefaultSettings.php.

Your version of LocalSettings.php</tt> may not end with a closing PHP tag of ?&gt;</tt>. This is done on purpose, as it prevents people from accidentally adding new information after this tag. PHP will function just fine without a closing tag.

See the configuration settings index and the comments included in the settings files for help on what all the variables do. A short listing of the most important variables, as well as the most requested features, is listed below.

If you have a wiki on a MediaWiki wiki farm you may not have write-access (perhaps not even read-access) to the file LocalSettings.php (see e.g.). The wiki farm company may or may not be willing to make changes you desire. Perhaps it wants to keep most settings the same on all wikis of the wiki farm.

Include-Pfad
The $IP (include path) variable holds the local file path to the base installation of your wiki. Make sure you refer to the fully qualified file path. Do not include a slash at the end of the path.

The DefaultSettings.php file gets loaded from the directory designated by the IP variable.

Seitenname
The $wgSitename variable holds the name of your wiki setup. This name gets included many times throughout the system, such as via MediaWiki:Pagetitle. For instance, the Wikipedia tagline "'From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."' makes use of this setting.

Seitensprache
The $wgLanguageCode variable controls the language of your wiki's interface. While users can switch the language they see in their preferences, this variable sets the default language that all anonymous users and most registered users see.

Deklination von Seitenname
Some translations of interface are ready for inflection of site name. You can set proper forms of word in variables $wgGrammarForms.

Skriptpfad
$wgScriptPath is the URL path prefix to access the main MediaWiki script that is the central acting piece of code of MediaWiki. This setting should correspond to the Apache settings, especially if you are using Apache's rewrite rules.

Servername
$wgServer can be used optionally to overwrite the automatic detection. When the wiki is accessed from either the localhost where it runs, from an intranet or from the internet, e-mail notifications and a few other computed messages would be usually delivered with the different URLs. Using  overwrites the detection and the server name will be constant.

If www.example.com is the server address of your wiki as seen from the internet, add a line such as

The magic word variable  can be used on wiki pages; it equals the value of  ; however, on a wiki, such as those in the WikiMedia family, where relative urls are used, it will not fully expand, for example here it displays, which can neither be clicked nor copy-pasted into the address bar as it is.

Skriptname
$wgScript is the name of the main (index) MediaWiki PHP script, named index.php</tt> by default. Changing the script name is probably not a good idea. However, if you feel the urge to do so, this is the place to make your changes. Make sure you know what you are doing.

Umleitungs-Skriptname
The $wgRedirectScript variable specifies the URL path to the redirect script which handles redirects in MediaWiki. This setting is similar to wgScript as you can configure the exact name of the script. As mentioned above, this is probably not a good idea unless you really know what you are doing.

Artikelpfad
$wgArticlePath is the path to use when accessing a page in MediaWiki. The path should contain the path to the main script (usually making use of ) and use the $1</tt> placeholder for the article name.

If you are using Apache rewrite rules to create pretty and short URLs, you probably need to adjust  to address the right path. Note that wgArticlePath is used to construct URLs from within MediaWiki. If you make a mistake here, internal links will show up incorrectly while you still may be able to access the main page by specifying the correct URL manually. See Manual:Short URL for more information on URL configuration.

Typical values are:

Stylesheet-Ort
Use the $wgStylePath variable to set the URL path to the place where the stylesheets (CSS) for the MediaWiki installation are located. The $wgStyleDirectory variable should point the same place, but note that this is a local file system path for use in internal scripts accessing the file system.

Ort zum hochladen
The upload directory is the place where files uploaded by the users are stored. The $wgUploadPath variable specifies the URL path, the $wgUploadDirectory points to the local file system path.

Logo
The $wgLogo variable specifies which graphical logo is displayed in the top left corner of all mediawiki pages.

Add the following two lines to  (below the "require" statements):

This replaces the default logo in the /wiki/skins/common/images/ directory.

The logo must be web accessible. The value of this variable is passed to the web browser, which uses it to fetch the logo. If in doubt, a good way to pick what to put here is navigate to the logo in your web browser (for example, this wiki the url of the logo is http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mediawiki/b/bc/Wiki.png ), and put the full url as the value of this variable.

Some people just replace the skins/common/images/wiki.png file with their logo. This is not recommended, as the customized logo would be overwritten on upgrade.

Kontaktinfo
The $wgEmergencyContact variable is the e-mail address of the user to contact when things happen. This e-mail address is used to send internal bug reports to. As an administrator, you want to include your e-mail address here.

The $wgPasswordSender variable is the e-mail address where e-mail gets sent from, when passwords are sent out to users who have forgotten their passwords. Choose an address people can reply to in case of trouble or confusion.

Datenbankeinstellungen
MediaWiki needs access to the database (currently either MySQL or PostgreSQL) to store pages, modifications, user information, and a lot more things.

The $wgDBserver contains the hostname where the database is hosted on. In most cases this will be just "localhost" as the database is run on the same system, but for distributed installations, you need to fill in the fully qualified domain name of the computer running the database.

$wgDBname is the database name of the database to be used by MediaWiki. A single MySQL or PostgreSQL installation can store more than one database and you can even run many MediaWiki installations on a single server. Make sure you have stated the correct database name here and use different database names for different wiki installations on the same database server.

The $wgDBuser and $wgDBpassword variables contain the login name and password to be used by MediaWiki to access the database. Make sure the specified user has the proper access rights to be able to manipulate the wiki's table on the database server.

Sicherheit
Keep in mind that the LocalSettings.php permissions should not allow other users to view this file as it contains security-related data, including your database user password. chmod 700 or otherwise set the permissions to something that provides security from public access. The database user only needs to have SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE permissions for the database. See also AdminSettings.php (until MediaWiki 1.16) which defines settings for a MySql user that has superuser database permissions to run the maintenance scripts.

Benutzerrechte
The $wgGroupPermissions is an associative array, controlling permissions for creating and editing pages for your different user groups. In this array, custom permission levels can be created, and permission levels for the different user groups can be set. See Help:User rights for more information about the different permissions and user groups available.

"Capital links" erzwingen
By default, no page name can start with a lowercase Roman letter: in an attempt to do so the first letter is converted to uppercase; if a link target, included page, image or category is specified with a name starting with a lowercase letter, the actual target etc. is the page starting with the corresponding capital.

Alternatively page names can start with a lowercase letter, in addition to the possibilities of starting with a capital, a digit, etc. For that you must adjust the $wgCapitalLinks variable. Setting it to false allows lowercase characters, true chooses the default behaviour.

Unterseiten aktivieren
On localsettings.php, subpages are enabled on a per-namespace basis using the $wgNamespacesWithSubpages variable. For example, to enable subpages in the main namespace:

Bilder hochladen
Before users are allowed to upload files to the MediaWiki system, you have to enable that feature. Make sure the Upload Directory is properly configured and writeable by the Apache web server process. Then set the $wgEnableUploads variable to true to allow uploading in the web user interface.

i.e. Here's some example code from includes/DefaultSettings.php to put in LocalSettings.php. If you want to be able to resize images on the fly to support thumbnails, MediaWiki needs a working ImageMagick installation. Set the $wgUseImageResize and $wgUseImageMagick variables to true once you have installed and tested ImageMagick on your system. Make sure the $wgImageMagickConvertCommand variable points to the proper location of the convert</tt> command of your installation, that the command is executable by the web server process, and $wgMaxShellMemory is large enough. See Manual:Image Administration for detailed information and trouble-shooting.

Also, you may want to modify the list of accepted extensions, which is stored within the $wgFileExtensions array:

In case you run into trouble with ImageMagick, and obtain the following error message:
 * Fatal error: mime_magic could not be initialized, magic file is not available in includes/MimeMagic.php on line 506</tt>

Try adding the following line to LocalSettings.php: $wgMimeDetectorCommand = "file -bi";

LaTeX Inline-Gleichungen
In order to render mathematical formulae in LaTeX, you need a working LaTeX installation on your system. Set the $wgUseTeX variable to true to enable that feature. Also make sure the $wgMathPath, $wgMathDirectory and $wgTmpDirectory are set properly, but you might want to go with the default values unless you have a very good reason to change it.

Interwiki-Unterstützung
InterWiki support is built into MediaWiki but you need to configure the prefix to be used for your internal links. This prefix is usually the same as $wgSitename, but in case you need to change that, you set the $wgLocalInterwiki variable to the preferred name.

Sprache des Benutzermenü
MediaWiki allows for a variety of localized user interfaces languages instead of the english default. If you want to run your wiki in a non-English language, set the $wgLanguageCode variable to the proper language code (e.g. "de" for German, "es" for Spanish, etc.)

You may use any of the languages found in the directory language. E.g., if you find MessagesEs.php, you can use " " for Spanish. Do not use " " with a capital letter. Although it seems to work, not all texts are translated.

Note: After changing the language code, you will need to run a php script to make it work. With your command line tool, go to your wiki directory, open the "maintenance" folder, and type " ". Please note that on Windows, the PHP folder might not be included in the PATH environment variable.

Not all languages are supported. See here for a list of the localisation statistics of. See translatewiki.net for the statistics per released version.

Urheberrecht für die Seite einstellen

 * $wgRightsPage is the page on the wiki that covers the copyrights that it falls under. Usually, this will be Project:Copyrights.
 * $wgRightsUrl is the page describing full details of your license. (For the GNU FDL, for example, this would be .)
 * $wgRightsText is the text in the footer that follows "Content is available under". It will be linked to the page specified in.
 * $wgRightsIcon is the URL of the image placed at the left of the footer.
 * Note: If  is non-empty, the link in the copyright/license notice will link to that page on your site. If   is empty then the copyright/license notice will link to   instead.

To modify the copyright statements of the site, add something like this to LocalSettings.php: Afterwards, edit MediaWiki:Copyright to provide an appropriate message, using  to indicate the position where the link to your copyright page will be.

Example: setting a Creative Commons license

To set a Creative Commons license do the following:


 * Choose your license: http://creativecommons.org/text/publish-website
 * Examine the returned HTML code, e.g.:
 * For  enter the href info from the first anchor:
 * For  enter the text the second anchor links from (add the "a" to the Wiki variable for a more grammatically correct version)
 * For  enter the src info from the img link in the first anchor. You want to copy the badge to your own site instead of using the one from the Creative Commons site.


 * For using RDF metadata about copyright add one or both of the following lines to your LocalSettings.php

Spezielle Namensräume
By declaring the $wgExtraNamespaces array, and modifying the $wgNamespacesWithSubpages, and $wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault arrays, extra namespaces can be added to a MediaWiki installation; and by declaring the $wgNamespaceAliases array namespace aliases can be added. Take heed not to have any pages already titled in that namespace, for instance in you had a page called "Technical:Support" and you created the Technical: namespace, then that page would not only be lost, but you cannot remove it from Special:Allpages. To fix this delete the namespace, move "Technical:Support" to "Support" in mainspace, delete the redirect, reinsert the namespace, and move it back to "Technical:Support". See Custom namespaces for more information as to how to do so.

Skins
The default skin of the site can be modified via the $wgDefaultSkin variable.

Siehe auch

 * Wiki Familien can share the same.
 * Extension:Configure provides a way to set configuration settings from a special page.
 * Manual:Securing_database_passwords - a guide to securing your database passwords and LocalSettings.php file.