Help:TemplateData/it

 è un modo di organizzare le informazioni concernenti wikitext template e i suoi parametri, affinché l'editor visuale possa recuperarli e visualizzarli nel suo editor di template, facilitando la modifica di pagine che usano quel template. È anche usato altrove in script, strumenti e gadget.

As of April 2019, TemplateData functionality is part of the default user experience for all users on all Wikimedia wikis when they add a template, even unregistered users. Both the default source and visual editors incorporate it in some way, as do many scripts, tools and gadgets. Se Hai la tua wiki, allora devi installare Extension:TemplateData.

Adding TemplateData to a template for this extension to use involves inserting a small, simple block of JSON (explained below) into the template's documentation page. You can do this manually or with the TemplateData editor, a graphical user interface you can access on a template's "Edit"/"Edit source" pages on wikis with the TemplateData extension installed. The JSON contains a list of the template's parameters and information about those parameters and about the template as a whole (see below for details).

Templates that contain TemplateData will display this information in the user interface when a user adds the template. In some cases, it will change how the editor behaves when you use it to edit or insert a given template, making it much easier for users to perform the steps needed to add a given template.

History
TemplateData was originally developed in early 2013 with in mind, which was in MediaWiki testing stages at the time. VisualEditor is the main visual editing interface for Wikimedia wikis, and TemplateData allowed it to have a more useful interface when adding templates. It was officially supported by VisualEditor immediately. As VisualEditor was rolled out to the various major Wikimedia wikis as a default feature from 2013 through 2016, TemplateData became a part of them as well.

In December 2016, the VisualEditor interface was made available for editing source code as a beta feature. This was termed the 2017 wikitext editor. This brought the features of TemplateData to source editing for the first time.

In March 2018, Sam Wilson developed, a GUI template editor extension for the default Wikimedia source editor, (otherwise known as the 2010 wikitext editor), designed to make the process of adding templates easier by using information from TemplateData. In April 2019, TemplateWizard was made a default part of the 2010 wikitext editor on all Wikimedia wikis. This meant that TemplateData was now a default part of both the visual editor and the source editor on Wikimedia wikis.

Adding or editing TemplateData
To add or edit TemplateData, first navigate to a template's page, located at "/Template:Templatename".

Checking the current state
Before adding or editing TemplateData, check whether the template has a documentation subpage. Then check whether the template already contains TemplateData and, if so, whether it's located on the template page or the documentation subpage.

Documentation subpages
There are two main ways templates on most Wikimedia wikis store their usage notes and other data that shouldn't be included in the actual template itself, like categories the template should be contained in:

On pages like this, the Documentation template transcludes all the /doc page's content onto the template page, keeping the template's source code much cleaner.
 * The vast majority of templates keep usage notes and other data that doesn't belong on the template page itself on a documentation subpage: "/Template:Templatename/doc".
 * On templates with documentation subpages, the "Test Template Info-Icon - Version (2).svg Template documentation" heading will be followed by links such as [view], [edit], [history] and [purge].

You can spot it on these pages by looking for an occurrence of  between  tags.
 * A few template pages have retained that information on the template's main page.

Different wikis may present all this differently. Rarely, main template pages may still contain documentation even when you've checked all of the foregoing; here, a user will have added a custom /doc page title between " " and " " and then added content after " ".

You can also look for a notice at the bottom of the page similar to this: "The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Templatename/doc".

Templates without documentation subpages
If a template doesn't have a documentation subpage, create it and move the template's documentation there (or a placeholder for it). Then you can add TemplateData to the documentation subpage.

Creating the subpage and moving the documentation
.

To create the documentation subpage, click "Edit"/"Edit source" on the main template page; look for the tags and their contents (usually at the bottom).

It should look something like this:

You may also find that it already contains TemplateData. If so, it will look something like this:

Select everything after " " and before "" and cut it into your clipboard or save it in a temporary document. Delete " ", leaving only the following:

Save the template page.

Now, to create the new subpage, look at your browser's address bar and add  to the end of the URL. Press Enter, then choose the option to create a new page.

If this wiki has a Documentation subpage notice template, add it at the top of the new page. You may also wish to add other templates, such as a Purge button or Purge link (if supported by the wiki in question). See m:Help:Template documentation for more info.

Insert the text you cut or saved in the previous text (beneath the notice template, if applicable).

Wrap any categories in tags so that they apply only to the template's main page:

Many wikis have a template. Use this template here if it's likely that the template you're editing exists in a sandbox version (located at ) in order to prevent the categories from applying to the sandbox page:

Finally, publish the page.

You can now add and edit the TemplateData on the documentation subpage using the instructions described in.

Adding and editing TemplateData on the main template page
If you can't create the  page, you can add and edit TemplateData on the template's main page by following the instructions in.

If a template has a documentation subpage, check both the main page and the documentation subpage for the presence of TemplateData (the  tag followed by an array inside curly brackets:   ).

Alternatively, the TemplateData extension can perform this check for you. Click "Edit" or "Edit source" on either page. If the template already has TemplateData on either page, you will see a yellow notice at the top of the page saying either:


 * "Please note: there is already a TemplateData block on the related page "Template:Templatename/doc"", or


 * "Please note: there is already a TemplateData block on the related page "Template:Templatename""

If the template has TemplateData on its documentation subpage

If the template has TemplateData on its documentation subpage, this is the page you should edit. You can do this by clicking the "[edit]" located after the heading " Template documentation" (or similar), or, if you are already on the /doc page, by clicking "Edit" or "Edit source" at the top. Follow the guidance at to add or edit the TemplateData.

If the template has TemplateData on its main page

If the template has TemplateData on its main page, you once again have two options:


 * You can either move to its documentation subpage. This is the preferred option.
 * Or, you can edit it on the main template page.

Moving TemplateData to the documentation subpage

To do this, click "Edit"/"Edit source" on the main template page, and look for the tags, enclosed within  tags. It should look something like this:

Cut only the tags and their contents out of the code, then save the page.

Next, edit the documentation subpage by clicking the "[edit]" located after the heading " Template documentation" (or similar).

Type a heading, like "TemplateData", then beneath it paste the TemplateData.

You can now edit the TemplateData based on the guidance at.

Editing TemplateData on the main template page

If you do not wish to move the TemplateData to the /doc page, you can edit it on the main template page. See for how to edit TemplateData.

If the template does not yet have TemplateData but has a doc subpage

If the template does not yet have TemplateData, you should add it to the documentation subpage.

Do this by clicking the "[edit]" located after the heading " Template documentation" (or similar), or, if you are already on the /doc page, by clicking "Edit" or "Edit source" at the top. Type a heading, like "TemplateData", then add it beneath this heading. The section explains how to add TemplateData.

Editor del TemplateData
This is the simpler way to add or edit TemplateData, possible for inexperienced users.

C'è uno strumento integrato per modificare facilmente TemplateData. It is part of the TemplateData extension. Per usare l'editor di TemplateData, vai alla pagina del template (o alla sotto-pagina di documentazione) e premi "Edit". Comparirà il tasto "$manage", proprio sopra la finestra di edit:

After clicking "Edit" or "Edit source", you will see a button above the editing area and page title that says "".

Clicca questo tasto per abilitare l'interfaccia GUI (Graphic User Interface) e modificare TemplateData. L'editore permette di aggiungere parametri e stabilire gli attributi più comuni. Se la pagina che hai modificato già contiene un blocco di TemplateData, le informazioni già documentate verranno automaticamente visualizzate quando si apre la pagina corretta nell'editor TemplateData.

Features in the above window:


 * The top item is "Language". This item allows you to enter text content in multiple different languages, which will show depending on the language setting of the user in Preferences. It will not show depending on the language wiki, as different wikis have entirely different databases of templates. If no language TemplateData exists yet, only the language of the wiki the user is on will be available, but the user can click "Add language" to add more inputs. The language code will show in brackets next to the parameters for which it can be applied to. These include descriptions and labels.
 * The next item is the template description. This is the description of the template as a whole and is shown in various places to the user in the template editors while adding a template. This parameter and its effects are outlined here.
 * The third item is the wikitext formatting of the template. This parameter determines how the wikitext should be laid out when the user clicks "Insert", the two main types being "inline" (on one line) and "block" (on new lines). This parameter and its effects are outlined here.
 * If the user chooses "Custom", they will be able to enter a set of wikitext under "Custom format string", according to rules outlined here, to create a custom layout for the template when the user clicks "Insert".


 * The fourth item is "Template parameters". This contains a list of parameters already defined in the TemplateData, if they exist. If there are parameters stated in the template's source code for which no TemplateData exists yet, you may see a button called "Add suggested parameters". These are extracted from the template's source code by looking for  or  . Clicking "Add suggested parameters" will add these parameters under their names as defined in the source code. This will also show a green notice at the top: "2 new parameters were imported: names of parameters".
 * At the bottom is "Add parameter". This allows you to add a parameter manually with a custom name.

The next stage is clicking any one of the parameters in the list. This will allow you to edit that parameter's info.



All of these features and their effects are outlined at #Within a parameter's name.

When you are finished, click "Apply". This will automatically insert the TemplateData at the bottom of the page before the tag; or, if it already exists, it will update it with the new information without changing its position at all. The TemplateData text will also be selected when you click "Apply".

The TemplateData editor creates a  parameter at the bottom of the TemplateData or updates it if it already exists. This contains the current TemplateData parameters in the order they were displayed in the TemplateData editor. You can change the paramOrder by dragging the parameters in different orders in the TemplateData editor using the three horizontal bars on the left. and its effects are outlined here.

After this, click "Save" to save the revision of the page.

Manual method
The alternative is to add or edit TemplateData manually. You may need or wish to do this in some cases. La struttura di TemplateData è basata sullo standard JSON. Si noti che tutte le descrizioni in TemplateData devono essere in testo semplice (senza wikitext, senza collegamenti, ecc). It follows a few very simple rules and takes only a few dozen possible predefined parameters and values, almost always in a  format.

Adding TemplateData manually

Preconsiderations:


 * If you're adding TemplateData on a template's documentation subpage, you may add it anywhere on the page; check to see if your language's Wikipedia has a preferred location for it. For example, on the English Wikipedia, TemplateData is typically near the bottom of the documentation page; on the German Wikipedia, it is typically at the top.
 * If you're adding TemplateData on a template's main page (which is not preferred; see #Prior checks), you must make sure that it is within the  tags.

First, click "Edit" or "Edit source" on the respective page, then go to the position you are adding the TemplateData and write a heading like "TemplateData".

Many wikis (but not all) have a TemplateData header template, which adds a short notice about the TemplateData. If yours does, add this after the heading.

To start adding the TemplateData, type an opening and closing tag and a pair of curly brackets on new lines, with an empty line between them:

Next, add an indent on the empty line between the two curly brackets, and start adding parameters. Details for the parameters can be found at. Most are optional, but some are highly recommended.

Parameters can be in any order, but the order that will best correlate with what shows in the TemplateData documentation and contribute to ease of use for editors is the following:

Also, make sure the parameters within, for example, the  object are kept within that object, or you will receive an "Unexpected property" error when you try to save.

Esempio

Here is some example TemplateData for a hypothetical cleanup template. The template would display a notice, and its source code would be programmed to place the page into a dated category based on the month and year entered. The notice could also contain a link to a talk page section, if specified. The TemplateData would look something like this:

The corresponding TemplateData documentation would display as the following:

{	"description": "Use this template to indicate that an article is in need of cleanup.", "format": "inline", "params": { "date": { "label": "Month and year", "description": "The month and year that the template was added", "type": "string", "autovalue": " ", "example": "January 2013", "suggested": true },		"reason": { "aliases": ["1"], "label": "Reason", "description": "The reason the article is in need of cleanup", "type": "string" },		"talk": { "aliases": ["talksection"], "label": "Talk page section", "description": "The section of the talk page containing relevant discussion", "type": "string" }	},	"paramOrder": [ "date", "reason", "talk" ] }

Descrizione e parametri
All available TemplateData parameters are listed below with a description and example. They are also listed in more technical detail at Extension:TemplateData#Format.

Within a parameter's name
Note: if neither "required", "suggested" nor "deprecated" are set as true for a parameter, its status will show as "optional" in the TemplateData documentation.

Una volta che hai finito, premi "Save". Se hai commesso errori, non ti consente di salvare (che disturba, ma significa che non puoi fare nulla). In caso di errori, spiega sulla feedback page cosa stavi cercando di fare e saremo felici di aiutarti.

Note that if you are abusing a hack template to dynamically generate TemplateData, it cannot be checked for errors before saving.

Si noti che ogni bit di informazione è racchiuso tra virgolette (ad eccezione di  e  ) e separato dal bit successivo da una virgola (a meno che non sia l'ultimo).

Type parameter
Dopodiché abbiamo, che controlla come l'editor di template interpreterà quel parametro. I tipi più comuni sono: In some cases, template editors have been programmed to modify the user interface for a certain parameter according to this TemplateData value, such as to only allow the user to enter valid values that match the specified type. This parameter does not have any functional effect on the template parameter or its value; it merely controls how template editors see and treat the parameter in editing mode.

How to use

It is used by adding the  parameter, followed by a colon and a space, then adding any of the values listed in the table below in quotation marks.

Example:

Effects

As of February 2020, only 5 of the 13 type values have visible effects in VisualEditor and the 2017 wikitext editor, while 8 have visible effects in TemplateWizard.

The effects of certain values are likely to change as the template editors get updates to support them. One such effort for VisualEditor and the 2017 wikitext editor is tracked in the Phabricator task T55613. A similar effort to get TemplateWizard to support the boolean value is tracked in T200664.

The currently known effects are listed as follows.

Formati personalizzati
When editing the  value, you create custom formats by inputting a set of wikitext symbols using some predefined rules.


 * - start of the template
 * - content (e.g., string, integer or parameter). This underscore serves to indicate the minimum length of a value in characters and can be repeated, like . If this length is not reached, it fills the remaining characters with spaces. This can be used to align all equals signs to a specific position after a parameter (if used with   for new lines).
 * - pipe (separates parameters)
 * - equals sign (precedes the value of a parameter)
 * or pressing the enter key - new line (this will display as  in the entry field)
 * - space (can be used with  to indent new lines)
 * - end of the template

The wikitext should at least meet the minimum of, otherwise there will be an invalid format string error.

Blank boilerplate
You can copy the blank boilerplate below to add new TemplateData to a template. Only the most common tags are included.

Syntax error in JSON / Bad JSON format
These errors occur when saving TemplateData, usually manually edited, with invalid JSON code (duplicate keys/parameters, trailing or missing commas, etc.) in VisualEditor or the 2017 wikitext editor.

"Syntax error in JSON" appears in VisualEditor and the 2017 wikitext editor; "Bad JSON format" appears when editing in the TemplateData GUI editor.

These errors can be difficult to detect and come in too many forms to list. The best way to avoid them is to edit template data exclusively with the TemplateData editor; the best way to detect them once they've occurred is to use an external JSON validator, such as JSONLint, which will highlight errors and aid in fixing them.

The 2010 wikitext editor does not check for invalid JSON thanks to an old, unfixed bug. Pages that contain invalid JSON may throw alarming "Internal error" messages. To fix these errors, your best bet is to use a JSON validator (see above).

Required property "paramOrder(number)" not found.
This error occurs if you state a parameter in  that is not stated in. The number in the square brackets refers to the parameter in  that is missing. It refers to its order in the sequence, but it is one less than its actual position, since  is an array; 0 is the first one, 1 is the second, etc.

To fix this, make sure all parameters stated in  are listed in. Alternatively, you can remove the  object to remove this error.

Invalid value for property "paramOrder(number)".
This error occurs if you state a parameter in  that is not stated in. The number in the square brackets refers to the parameter in  that shouldn't be there. It refers to its order in the sequence, but it is one less than its actual position, since  is an array; 0 is the first one, 1 is the second, etc.

To fix this, make sure all parameters stated in  are listed in. Alternatively, you can remove the  object to remove this error.

Property "params.parametername.required" is expected to be of type "boolean".
This error occurs if you put quotation marks around the value of either  or.

These are boolean values, not strings, therefore they require no quotation marks. To fix this, remove any quotation marks around the values  or   for these parameters.

Property "format" is expected to be ...
If the  parameter exists but its value is not ,   or a valid format string, you will see the error message "Property "format" is expected to be "inline", "block", or a valid format string."

To fix this, make sure the value after  equals   or   and that there no spelling mistakes. Alternatively, if it's wikitext, make sure it contains a minimum of  and that there are no mistakes in the syntax that would normally cause a template to fail, such as duplicate equals signs or missing/duplicate curly brackets; see the section #Custom formats for the syntax for custom formats. Alternatively, you can remove the  parameter to remove this error.

Unexpected property "parametername".
This error occurs if you state a parameter that does not exist in TemplateData. This is probably due to spelling mistakes.

It also occurs if you state a parameter in any TemplateData object that is not a parameter of that object. This may be due to spelling mistakes, or you may have written the parameter of one TemplateData object under another object that it doesn't belong to.

For example, you might have written the parameter  under the root TemplateData object instead of inside  :

Alternatively, if the unexpected parameter is under a template parameter inside, you'll see its name after "params.parametername." in the error.

To fix this, make sure there aren't any spelling mistakes in the parameter names, and make sure your parameters are in their correct location. Additionally, make sure you don't state any parameters that don't exist for a TemplateData object. You can check which parameters exist for an object in the section #TemplateData parameters.

Required property "params" not found.
This error occurs if there is no  object in the TemplateData. This is a necessary object, as it contains all the details of each parameter, so to fix this error, make sure it's added and that there are no spelling mistakes. See the section above on how to add the  parameter.

Limitazioni e domande

 * Le funzionalità che mancano – TemplateData è un esempio di uno strumento reso disponibile con poche funzionalità, nella speranza che possa aiutare a guidare gli utenti nello sviluppo delle funzionalità che si desiderano. Se desideri richiedere nuove funzionalità per TemplateData, per favore faccelo sapere.
 * Ritardi nella visualizzazione dei template – Dopo aver aggiunto TemplateData a un template, i metadati dovrebbero essere immediatamente visibili quando il template viene aperto nell'editor visivo. Tuttavia, è possibile che siano necessarie diverse ore prima che i metadati vengano visualizzati. È possibile forzare un aggiornamento apportando una modifica nulla alla pagina del template (non alla sottopagina della documentazione). Per eseguire una modifica nulla, apri la pagina del template per la modifica e salva la pagina "senza apportare modifiche e senza aggiungere alcun riepilogo di modifica".
 * Segnalazioni aperte – Un elenco di bug e richieste di funzionalità correnti è disponibile nel bug tracker di Wikimedia.

Other tools

 * : A toolbar dialog window for entering template wikitext via an form built from TemplateData.
 * TemplateData Wizard: A tool that generates TemplateData through an interactive interface.
 * Skeleton TemplateData generator: A tool that reads the source wikicode of a template, tries to find all the parameters used and outputs a skeleton document with the parameters listed.
 * JSONLint: A tool that allows you to validate manually-written JSON to help find errors in the syntax.
 * [ List of all templates with TemplateData] on this wiki
 * With dewiki template TemplateData template data is shown in a box, and the template is added to a category of templates with template data
 * https://query.wikidata.org/ and Query Helper