Manual:FAQ/pt



Quais são as diferenças entre MediaWiki, Wikimedia, Wikipedia e wiki?
É uma pergunta frequente; consulte Diferenças entre Wikipedia, Wikimedia, MediaWiki e wiki para uma resposta detalhada.

Pretendo usar uma instância do MediaWiki para X. Posso?
O MediaWiki é software livre: isto significa que pode utilizá-lo para qualquer fim sem impedimentos legais. Adicionalmente, as condições de licenciamento aplicam-se exclusivamente ao próprio software. Isto significa que, embora muitas wikis licenciem o seu conteúdo ao abrigo de uma licença permissiva, você não tem de licenciar o conteúdo da sua wiki de nenhuma forma em particular. Sendo um projeto fundado para apoiar sites como a Wikipédia, é claro que o encorajamos a disponibilizar os textos que criar com uma licença livre, mas, em suma, não é obrigado a fazê-lo.

Se pretende alterar ou emendar o próprio software, em geral, pode fazê-lo, mas existem algumas restrições e deve consultar o texto completo da licença GNU GPL versão 2 para conhecer os detalhes. Porque o MediaWiki é disponibilizado de forma gratuita, não tem qualquer garantia, na medida permitida pela lei aplicável.

De onde posso transferir o MediaWiki?
A última versão estável pode ser transferida a partir da página Versões e downloads. Os ficheiros são fornecidos num arquivo .tar.gz. O MediaWiki também pode ser obtido diretamente do nosso repositório Git.

Como instalar o MediaWiki?
A instalação do MediaWiki demora entre 10 a 30 minutos, e involve o envio/cópia de ficheiros, e executar o script' instalador para configurar o software''. Consulte o Guia de instalação, onde também encontrará os requisitos mínimos do sistema.

Como é que eu instalo o MediaWiki, utilizando um pacote?
Várias distribuições de Linux fornecem o MediaWiki num formato de pacote (package) para aquela distribuição. A equipa de desenvolvimento do MediaWiki reencaminha-o para a sua distribuição de Linux para assistência com a instalação, configuração e utilização. As comunidades e empresas que mantêm pacotes deste género devem fornecer instruções de instalação.

Note que as distribuições de terceiros podem conter versões antigas, por isso consulte atentamente, na informação sobre compatibilidade fornecida, as recomendações e o suporte de extensões.


 * Ver também: 

Eu posso instalar mais do que uma wiki num servidor, utilizando o MediaWiki?
É possível instalar mais que uma wiki num servidor, tendo em conta que:

Ou
 * Use uma base de dados diferente para cada wiki
 * Use um prefixo de base de dados diferente para cada wiki. No Postgres, pode obter um efeito semelhante usando esquemas (schemas) e utilizadores diferentes.

Para informação sobre estas opções, ver $wgDBname e $wgDBprefix respetivamente.

Para informação sobre como configurar uma família de wiki, ver Manual:Wiki family.

Para informação sobre uma forma alternativa de instalar mais de uma wiki usando o mesmo servidor, base de dados e código-fonte, consulte o excelente artigo (versão arquivada) de Steve Rumberg, com comentários adicionais dos utilizadores.

O MediaWiki funciona com o safe_mode (modo_seguro) ativado?
Sim, mas de forma limitada. Para informações, consulte Safe mode.

O MediaWiki requer acesso de consola?
O acesso à consola de comandos (shell, SSH) não é necessário para instalar o MediaWiki, mas é altamente recomendado. Sem acesso à consola, pode até ser difícil fazer uma cópia de segurança da sua wiki, ou atualizá-la para uma versão nova. Algumas tarefas de manutenção não são possíveis de todo sem acesso à consola. Muitas das principais extensões funcionam melhor com acesso à consola.

Como é que eu instalo as extensões?
Consulte Manual:Extensões para informação sobre como instalar e gravar extensões. Consulte Categoria:Extensões para encontrar as extensões existentes.

Como é que eu adiciono espaços de nome extra?
Consulte Criar um nome de espaço personalizado.

Como é que eu ativo o envio de ficheiros?
O envio de ficheiros é uma funcionalidade do MediaWiki normalmente utilizada, mas é desativada por predefinição em todas as versões de lançamento atuais. Para o ativar, primeiro tem de criar uma pasta (por omissão ) com permissões de escrita pelo servidor web (CHMOD 777 ou permita o utilizador Apache escrever nela, etc.) depois altere $wgEnableUploads para   no LocalSettings.php (p.e. "$wgEnableUploads = true;"). Se receber um erro "failed to mkdir" quando tenta enviar, isso provavelmente significa que há um problema de permissão.


 * Consulte também: 

Como é que eu ativo as formulas de matemática integradas?
O MediaWiki permite formulas de matemática integradas. Consulte Extensão:Matemática para instruções de completas de configuração.

Como é que eu defino a zona horária para o meu MediaWiki?

 * Consulte: Manual:Zona Horária

Como é que eu atualizo uma página na cache?
Para atualizar a cache de uma página, tais como quando a efetuar alterações na barra de navegação, adicione  ao final do endereço da página.

p.e. http://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=purge

Ou

Exemplo; http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Main_Page?action=purge


 * Ver também:, 

Como é que eu desativo completamente a colocação em cache?
Adicione as seguintes linhas no seu ficheiro LocalSettings.php:

= false; = false;

Como é que eu permito o envio de formatos adicionais?
O MediaWiki requer que formatos e extensões de ficheiros carregados permitidos sejam especificados utilizando a diretiva de configuração $wgFileExtensions. Usually this directive is situated in LocalSettings.php in the root of your MediaWiki installation.

Por exemplo, para permitir o carregamento de ficheiros PDF, adicione o seguinte no LocalSettings.php:

To extend uploading to more than one type of file, use the following syntax


 * Ver também: 

"Ficheiro está corrupto ou tem uma extensão inválida"
Alguns utilizadores reportaram que após adicionar um formato de ficheiro à lista de extensões permitidas, um erro é encontrado. O texto do erro é semelhante ao seguinte:


 * The file is corrupt or has an incorrect extension. Please check the file and upload again.

Soluções possíveis:


 * Coloque o valor de $wgMimeDetectorCommand, p.e. a correr em Unix ou Linux, este seria
 * Compilar/instalar a extensão PHP fileinfo
 * Fedora - yum install php-pecl-Fileinfo
 * Fedora - yum install php-pecl-Fileinfo


 * Ver também: 

Initial user was not created by installer or it is not an administrator
Sometimes, the installer fails to create the default user, or the user table is lost for some reason. There are a couple of options for solving this:

maintenance/createAndPromote.php

 * If your MediaWiki is older than 1.16, make sure  is set up (see  )
 * Execute  from the shell. Append   to command line if you want that user to become a bureaucrat, in addition to becoming an administrator.

This will create a new user and promote them to an administrator. For help, run the script with the parameter.

Alterar a base de dados

 * Registe uma nova conta, utilizando o método regular (Especial:Sessão do Utilizador).
 * Verifique a Id. do utilizador nas Especial:Preferências).
 * Execute the following SQL statement against the database:
 * above should be replaced with the appropriate user ID which you can see on the user's preference page.
 * Note: if  is defined in LocalSettings.php, prepend its value to the table name. For example, if   is "XYZ", then the table name to use is
 * Note: if  is defined in LocalSettings.php, prepend its value to the table name. For example, if   is "XYZ", then the table name to use is

Temporariamente, deixe que todos atribuam os direitos para promover o seu utilizador inicial
This method essentially involves letting all users temporarily modify user permissions in order to promote one user
 * Registe uma nova conta, utilizando o método regular (Especial:Sessão do Utilizador). Estar autenticado, utilizando esse método.
 * Add the following lines to the bottom of LocalSettings.php
 * Go to special:userrights and add the user you just created to the Administrator and Bureaucrat groups.
 * Remova a  linha do seu LocalSettings.php. This step is very important, as until you remove it anyone can alter permissions, which is bad.
 * Remova a  linha do seu LocalSettings.php. This step is very important, as until you remove it anyone can alter permissions, which is bad.

Como é que eu redefino uma palavra-passe do utilizador do MediaWiki?

 * Consulte Manual:Redefinir palavras-passe

Como é que posso criar hiperligações de interwiki na minha wiki?

 * Consulte Manual:Interwiki

How do I make my base URLs shorter?
(i.e. /wiki/Article_Name as opposed to /w/index.php?title=Article_Name)
 * See Manual:Short URL

How do I organize pages into subdirectories like /wiki/subdir/PageName?

 * See Manual:$wgNamespacesWithSubpages, Help:Subpages

Is downloading and using all of MediaWiki.org free?
Yes, it is free in the sense of Free software. See Project:Copyrights for licensing issues regarding the written content of this site.

How do I administrate/manage user rights?
 See Manual:User rights for general information. See Manual:Preventing access for methods and strategies for restricting access.

How do I stop anonymous users from editing any page?
The recommended method is by changing the value of the  configuration option. Edit  and add the line:

If you use Extension:AbuseFilter, any admin can also disable IP editing temporarily as needed.


 * See also:, 

How do I stop anonymous users from reading any page?

 * Add this to the bottom of LocalSettings.php:

See also Manual:$wgWhitelistRead. See Manual:Preventing access for more information.

How do I restrict account creation?

 * Add this to the bottom of LocalSettings.php:

See Manual:Preventing access for more information.

How do I require an email address be specified at registration?

 * See Manual:$wgEmailConfirmToEdit

How do I put MediaWiki into Read Only mode?

 * See Manual:$wgReadOnly

How do I change default user preferences?
The MediaWiki default user preferences are in the language file, i.e.  if you're using English. Don't edit that file, just use it for reference, like you do with DefaultSettings.php.

Say if you want to change the default number of search results on a page. Language.php says:

To change it to 50, put this in your LocalSettings.php:

Note that you are setting, which contains the site overrides, not $wgDefaultUserOptionsEn, which contains the software defaults. Any settings in $wgDefaultUserOptions will override those set in the language file.

To change the default namespaces to be searched, in any version of MediaWiki, set in LocalSettings.php to an array mapping namespace indexes to boolean values. For example, to search the main namespace and the category namespace, use:

$wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault = array(    NS_MAIN => true,     NS_CATEGORY => true, );

In some cases, after you change a default user preference, you may also want to change the user preferences of all existing user accounts.

If so, use the script in the Maintenance directory. Use the "--dry" option for the first run, assess the impact and go from there. (--dry does not write the database)

php userOptions.php --dry --nowarn searchlimit --old 20 --new 50

Also, always backup your database before making these kinds of changes (you do not need to if you are just using --dry).


 * ''See also:

How can I make MediaWiki run faster?

 * See: 

How do I enable a drop-down list of search suggestions?

 * See: Manual:Enabling autocomplete in search box

Atualizar

 * Consulte também Manual:Upgrading, que o irá redirecionar para as últimas notas de atualização.

Is it possible to move my wiki to a different machine?
Yes. It should be. In essence, you will be backing up your old installation and then "restoring" it onto the new machine. Finally, you will have to make additional modifications to update the wiki configuration so that everything points to the new location.

How do I move my wiki to a different server?
Follow the instructions at Manual:Moving a wiki.

Como é que altero o logotipo?
O logótipo (ou logotipo) que aparece no topo à esquerda em cada página é determinado pela opção de configuração $wgLogo no arquivo LocalSettings.php.

There are two ways to change the logo:


 * 1) Pode também carregar um arquivo através da wiki e utilizar esse endereço (isto permite alterar facilmente o logótipo, portanto pode ser interessante proteger a página da imagem caso utilize este método)
 * Then add the $wgLogo line to LocalSettings.php, for example:
 * 1) ou utilizar uma imagem carregada para o seu servidor através de outros métodos.
 * Add the $wgLogo line to LocalSettings.php, for example:
 * (In this example, the image is in the same folder as the LocalSettings.php file.)
 * (In this example, the image is in the same folder as the LocalSettings.php file.)
 * (In this example, the image is in the same folder as the LocalSettings.php file.)

If you want to change the logo in only specific pages, override #p-logo css's background-image property or use third party extension like Extension:LogoFunctions.

How do I edit the wiki's CSS?
You shouldn't edit the CSS files (such as common.less) directly, because it will make upgrading harder if you need to apply your customizations each time you upgrade the software. Instead you need to edit a wiki page called MediaWiki:Common.css if you want to apply your CSS changes for all skins, or a wiki page called MediaWiki:Vector.css if you want to apply the customizations only for the Vector skin.

The content of the MediaWiki:Common.css and MediaWiki:Vector.css pages always overrides the default CSS styles specified in the skin files.

How do I hide the left vertical navigation toolbar
In other words, how do you make the main content div take up 100% of the display, hiding the logo, toolbox, navigation and search engine?

To hide it permanently, copy and paste the following into the MediaWiki:Common.css page:

To instead hide the toolbar when the user presses F11, enter this in your wiki's MediaWiki:Common.js:

How do I hide the categories at the bottom of each page?
You can hide display of the categories on each page by modifying your MediaWiki:Common.css and adding:

Can I customize the logo in the top left corner? If so, how?
The logo is a portlet block without a pBody section. It is identified by the p-logo id. The background image is specified by the variable, which is defined in. This location is relative to the web server root and not the system root. Redefine this in to change the image. If set wrong there will be no image on the page; check your web server error log and adjust accordingly. However the size of the p-logo will need to be big enough for the logo if it is not to be clipped. This is set in the stylesheet (main.css in Monobook), under the p-logo style, the default setting is:

Note, if you are using a different sized logo, and want to change the CSS, please do not modify any of the core MediaWiki stylesheets. Instead add to the on-wiki css page (MediaWiki:Monobook.css for monobook, MediaWiki:Vector.css for vector. MediaWiki:Common.css will also work for all skins)

Reducing the size of the logo
Note that a tag is on top of the logo so if you are trying to reduce the size of the logo's portlet you will also need to change the #p-logo a and #p-logo a:hover rules. The default setting for these is:

How do I customize the link-URL of the site-logo in the top left corner of all pages that activates when the site-logo is clicked upon?
By default, clicking the site-logo takes you to the main site-page. If you want to change which internal site-page is the "main" site-page, edit MediaWiki:Mainpage.

To make the link of the site-logo link externally to any other arbitrary URL, you can add a hook to your LocalSettings.php to override the mainpage href which is used by the logo.

Como é que altero o ícone na linha de endereço do navegador (favicon)?

 * Simplesmente substitua o ficheiro de imagem favicon.ico na pasta principal na sua wiki ficheiro de imagem .ico que desejar.
 * Alternativamente edite a configuração $wgFavicon no ficheiro LocalSettings.php e adicione $wgFavicon = "$wgScriptPath/caminho/para/o/seu/favicon.ico";

See Manual:$wgFavicon for more details.

Tip: The favicon image should be either 16 x 16 pixels or 32 x 32 pixels.

Rewrite Rule
If you are using a rewrite rule in .htaccess to remove "index.php" from the URL, you will also need to add an exception for .ico files. Simply add the following rule to your .htaccess:


 * RewriteRule .*\.ico$ - [L]

This rule must appear before the index.php rule.

Case sensitivity
When uploading the favicon file, be sure the filename is in lowercase. (That is, "favicon.ico", not "Favicon.ico".) A lot of servers (e.g., those on UNIX-like operating systems) will not be able to find the file unless its name is in lowercase.

How do I customize the navigation bar?
The contents of the navigation bar which appears to the left of each page using the Vector or the Monobook skin are determined by the MediaWiki:Sidebar page there on your wiki. For information on customising these, please see Manual:Interface/Sidebar.

How do I put a text message (sitenotice) on every page?
Put a text in the MediaWiki:Sitenotice page. It will be displayed on top of every article page.

You can also add text to MediaWiki:Anonnotice to create a message that only displays for logged-out users. It is often a good idea to transclude the site notice on the anon notice to make sure that logged-out users still get the information on the site notice.

Como é que altero a página principal?
Por omissão, o MediaWiki procura por uma página com o título Página Principal e apresenta-a como página inicial. Isto pode ser alterado modificando o conteúdo da mensagem de sistema MediaWiki:Mainpage para apontar para um título diferente. Isto não irá afetar quaisquer ligações na barra de navegação principal, incluindo a hiperligação 'Página Principal' incluída ao instalar; para alterar estas ligações edite MediaWiki:Sidebar.

How do I change the Main Page title?
Simply click on the "Move" tab, and move the page to the desired page title.

Usually you also want to change which page is the configured as "main page".

How do I hide the main page title?
MediaWiki does not have a built-in option to hide the main page title (see ), but you can use CSS to hide the title. Alternatively, you can use the NoTitle extension.

Add the following to on your wiki:

If your main page uses a localized name or you have renamed the main page you need to change the  part. You can find a correct parameter by viewing HTML source of the main page and searching for the  tag.

For example, if your language is Lojban, the body tag looks like this:

Therefore you should put this line in your instead:

If you would like to hide the title of a "Main Page" in a specific namespace like "Help:Main_Page" add the following to on your wiki:

Note the difference:  in comparison to. The latter will not work.

If this doesn't work, you may be using a skin that doesn't support this, or you moved your main page without updating MediaWiki:Mainpage, or you have a really old MediaWiki version.

If the skin uses a different element for the title than a  element with class , you'll need to find the appropriate CSS selector to apply for that skin.

Como é que escondo a tabela de conteúdos (Índice)?
The table of contents (TOC) is automatically shown once there are four or more headings in the article. There are multiple ways to hide it.


 * Para uma página
 * Coloque a palavra mágica   no código da página.


 * Para todas as páginas
 * Install Extension:NoTOC
 * or
 * Add the following rule to MediaWiki:Common.css:


 * Por utilizador
 * Os utilizadores podem optar por esconder a tabela de conteúdos. Isto é uma preferência de utilizador, especificada em Especial:Preferências.


 * There was a user preference to hide the table of contents, it was removed in MediaWiki 1.23 (T54813).

How do I change the interface text?
Interface text is altered using the MediaWiki namespace. For each deviation from the default in the site language there is a page MediaWiki:Englishmessagename, and for each deviation from the default in each other language a page MediaWiki:Englishmessagename/languagecode. (Since release 1.9 there are no pages for messages equal to the default.). On creation of a page the edit box autofills with the default. When creating a page to override the default it is useful to first save the default version, to allow diffs with it. See also.


 * For a list of system messages, see Special:Allmessages
 * To switch off the MediaWiki namespace, see the  configuration setting
 * To remove the Privacy policy or Disclaimers links at the bottom of each page, set the content of pages MediaWiki:Privacy or MediaWiki:Disclaimers respectively to a single hyphen.

How do I change the interface language?
To change the default interface language, alter the value of  in , for example

You may also need to bypass your browser's cache to see the changes.

The new default interface language will be applied to all users who haven't ever customised it.

If you want to provide users the possibility to create and choose pages and interface elements in languages other than the default one of the wiki, you need the Translate extension, which can make your wiki multilingual.

If you want to change the language settings for all existing users, use the maintenance script. For instance, to have all users with English set use French instead, run:

How do I remove the article/edit etc tabs?
For a little more control see: User:Subfader/Hide_page_tabs

Edit MediaWiki:Common.css on your wiki, and add this:

See the page source for the various #ca-* ids used in the content tabs.

Note: this will only work for Monobook and derived skins such as Modern and Vector (the default skin), and doesn't actually stop people from editing. To do that, see Manual:User rights.

How do I add/remove tabs throughout my wiki?
See Manual:User group CSS and Javascript or write your own extension (See: Manual:Hooks/SkinTemplateNavigation):

For example, to remove the talk tab and then add a tab that always goes to the main page you would save this code in :

and then add

to the bottom of LocalSettings.php

How do I remove a tab on only one page?
For example, to remove the Discussion (talk) page tab from the Main Page, on the MediaWiki:Common.css page add:

To modify MediaWiki:Common.css you must have administrative privileges.


 * See also: 

How do I remove a tab on all pages
For example, to remove the Discussion (talk) page tab on all wikipages, on the MediaWiki:Common.css page add:

Other tabs to remove are #ca-history, #ca-viewsource, #ca-view (Read tab), #ca-nstab-main (Page tab).

Other drop down menu items you can remove are #ca-watch, #ca-move, #ca-delete.

To modify MediaWiki:Common.css you must have administrative privileges.

How do I hide the section edit links for users who are not logged in?
You can change the value of the configuration option.

Edit and add the line:


 * Also see 

How do I remove the "Talk for this IP" link at the top right (e.g. when is true)?
One option is to hide the link using the following CSS in the wiki page MediaWiki:Common.css in your wiki:

Another option is, inside your LocalSettings.php file, to use the PersonalUrls hook to remove the link to the talk page of anonymous users:

How do I remove the "Create an Account or Login" link at the top right of the screen?
To remove the login / create account links from the personal_urls you can use this code in your to hook in and remove them:

How can I suppress actions and special pages?

 * NOTE: MediaWiki is not designed for this kind of usage! It should be noted that the following 'answer' is a hack that only 'works' with the Apache webserver. Note also that this system is not foolproof, it's just one step further than hiding the links (see above).

Suppressing actions and special pages can be useful when you want to create the illusion of a static website via a particular URL or VirtualHost, but also have an 'internal' view that is a true wiki. i.e. if you have an inward facing 'view' of your wiki that users can edit, and an outward facing 'view' that should appear like a static website (no history, no discussion, etc., etc.).

After hiding all the appropriate links (see above), if you are using the Apache web server, you can disable actions and special pages using the following rewrite rules:


 * 1) Lock down the site (disable MediaWiki commands)

RewriteEngine On


 * 1) RewriteLog /tmp/rewrite.log


 * 1) RewriteLogLevel 9


 * 1) See http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Parameters_to_index.php#Actions

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (.*action=.*) RewriteRule .* http://www.my.domain.com?

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/index.php/Special:Search RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^(.*Special:.*) RewriteRule .* http://www.my.domain.com?

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*Special:.*) RewriteRule .* http://www.my.domain.com?
 * 1) Catch a trick...

Above, a request for, for example, will be simply rewritten to. Similarly any page in the Special namespace (with the exception of Special:Search) will be rewritten to. Remember, this is only a hack, and isn't intended as a solution for a secure CMS.

Note that you will need to adjust the above rules to match your specific URL naming schema.

Other issues to consider when trying to lock down a site like this is the API and POST requests for the wiki content (rather than GET).

How do I edit error messages?
Special:Allmessages contains a complete list of messages (error or otherwise), that can be edited.

How do I change the footer?

 * See Manual:Footer and Manual:Configuration settings

How can I edit / remove the Powered by MediaWiki image (and possible other images) from the footer?
You can hide the Powered by MediaWiki image by adding the following to your wiki's MediaWiki:Common.css:

If you want to remove it completely in 1.17 and newer you can use to remove it using this in your :

In 1.16 and below you will have to use a hook to remove it:

Note that this will also remove other powered-by icons, e.g. also the one coming from BlueSpice.

If you wish to change the icon images, urls, alt text, or add new icons please see ' documentation.

How do I add a reply link to default signature tildes ( ~ ) template?
You can customize signatures in MediaWiki:Signature / MediaWiki:Signature-anon.

For example, changing the entries to  will put a link to users' talk pages and   would give a more direct link.

Users can change their signature in their preferences.

How can I change what the of each page is? Where do I make changes?
Most of the text that you want to change can be found in the namespace of MediaWiki.

In order to change titles, texts, announcements, etc., go to Special:AllMessages, where you will see the text associated with the pages you wish to change. You need to log in as an administrator to edit the protected entries in the MediaWiki namespace.

If you want to change the title in your browser, you need to edit MediaWiki:Pagetitle. Go there and edit it just like you would any other page in your wiki.

In recent versions of MediaWiki, MediaWiki:Pagetitle is $1 - by default. If is producing the wrong text for you, you need to set  in your LocalSettings.php.

If $wgSitename is correct in LocalSettings.php but is still wrong, it may be that you're using a user-contributed language file which incorrectly sets $wgSitename to a transliteration of "Wikipedia". Edit the language file to correct this. For example, the Hebrew language file is at  in your wiki directory.

Don't forget to clear your browser cache after you change your settings.

Does MediaWiki automatically capitalize the first letter of $wgSitename?
Yes. This can be changed using the configuration setting.

How do I make external links open in a new window?

 * See Manual:$wgExternalLinkTarget

How can I suppress MediaWiki from formatting URLs, tags, etc?
Put "" tags around the URL or tag.

Example: svn co http://svn.example.com/myproject/

Produces: svn co http://svn.example.com/myproject/

How can I force users to preview before they save?

 * See: Manual:Force preview and Extension:ForcePreview

How do I add more buttons on the edit page?

 * See: Manual:Custom edit buttons

How can I get more special characters or tags clickable on the edit page?
For adding more selectable special characters, etc., below the edit field, see Extension:CharInsert.

How can I use a different skin (e.g. Wikipedia's old Monobook skin) on my wiki?
While the Vector skin is the default skin for all installations made with MediaWiki 1.17 and newer, the Monobook skin has been the default before. See Manual:$wgDefaultSkin for more information on configuring your default skin.

How do I disable external links from showing in the printable version of a page?
Edit the page MediaWiki:Print.css on your wiki and add the following code there:

This will override the styles defined in the CSS files coming with the MediaWiki source code. For more information, see Manual:CSS.

If instead you want to have the external links underlined in the printable version, then also add the following code:

How do I change the text of the article (page name) tab of my wiki's main page?
To change the text of the tab, as one example used in Wikipedia, you first open the page " ".

After you've done that, click Edit and type in the edit box the text you want to be seen later on the main page - that's it. Don't forget to save the page as well.

Como é que edito uma página?
Para editar uma página simplesmente clique na ligação editar que aparece em cada página. Utilizando o tema por defeito Monobook, esta ligação será na forma de uma aba no topo da página. Um formulário será carregado, contendo o código existente da página. Quando tiver terminado de fazer as alterações, clique no botão Salvar para as submeter.


 * See also: 

Como crio uma nova página?
Existem vários caminhos para criar uma nova página:

Em algumas wikis, uma pesquisa sem sucesso por uma página irá conter uma ligação que permite editar essa mesma página.
 * Crie uma ligação para a página numa outra página, clique depois então na ligação vermelha que aparece
 * Navegue para a localização da página pretendida, p.g. http://www.foowiki.org/index.php/Nova_página e clique na ligação editar


 * See also: 

Como apago uma versão antiga de uma página?
Old versions of page data are retained in the database and can be accessed via the page history features. This is useful for reviewing changes and correcting or reverting undesirable ones, but in some cases, administrators might want to make this information unavailable, for legal reasons, or to reduce the size of the database.

Os administradores podem eliminar páginas, de modo a não poderem ser vistas por utilizadores regulares.
 * The Oversight extension (also known as HideRevision) can be used to move harmful revisions out of page histories on older versions of MediaWiki (<1.16).
 * For newer MediaWikis (1.14+), you can enable the core RevisionDelete feature that allows privileged users to remove single revisions from page histories.
 * The  maintenance script can mass-delete all old revisions of pages and their associated text records.


 * See also: 

How do I use oversight/delete revisions in the page history?

 * See: 

You can also delete a page, and then restore only the revisions you want.

Existem tutoriais de edição disponíveis?
Existem vários tutoriais de edição disponíveis, sendo a maior de projectos da Wikimedia, tais como a Wikipédia. Existem também várias referências de código, etc. disponíveis no Meta.


 * The page Help:Editing pages on this site
 * Conteúdo de ajuda de edição no Meta
 * O guia Wikipedia:Como editar uma página e o tutorial da Wikipédia em português

Como é que visualizo uma página em versão de impressão?
O MediaWiki inclui folhas de estilo que automaticamente alteram o estilo da página para o estilo apropriado quando é impressa; utilizando quer a função imprimir ou visualizar impressão do seu navegador a página deverá ser apresentada no formato de impressão.

Pode também ver o formato de impressão utilizando a ligação versão de impressão nas ferramentas.

How do I use templates?

 * See Help:Templates

Can I use media (images, video, audio, etc.) from Wikimedia Commons in my installed version of MediaWiki?
Yes, this is encouraged through the use of Manual:$wgUseInstantCommons.


 * See also: 

How do I use a template as a signature?
When you look at your preferences, you see a check box for "raw signature." But the field will only take a certain number of characters. What if you want more?

You will need to create two pages, possibly in your userspace.


 * 1) Create the first page (FIRST PAGE)
 * 2) Go to your preferences, check "raw signature" and put  in the signature.
 * 3) Create a second page (SECOND PAGE) (possibly a sub-page of the first)
 * 4) Go back to the first page (FIRST PAGE) and do
 * 5) Go to the second page (SECOND PAGE) and place the code you wish to have for your signature.

If you don't have this structure, you will still be inserting all your signature code into the raw code wherever your signature is used, because the software will insert "SUBST" in your preferences. You may not mind this, in which case you only need one page. If you want the raw code to only display, which looks a lot cleaner, then you need to use the two-page structure.

How do I add the sandbox functionality to my installation of the wiki?
In wiki terms, a sandbox is simply a "play pen"; a page which users can mess about in. This is an ordinary page created in the normal manner, and can be located wherever you like. There is no special sandbox functionality built into MediaWiki.

Users often inquire about the Wikipedia sandboxes, which seem to be self-emptying. This is not quite correct; there are a number of volunteers who run bots to clean these up and return them to a certain state at regular time intervals.

How do I add a "Sandbox" link to personal tools (top right)?
You need to add the Gadget extension and add the Sandbox gadget. You will probably also want to make it a default gadget.

How do I make my wiki serve all languages?
To make your wiki multilingual and a tool for translation, allowing translation of pages and of the custom interface (like the sidebar), use the Translate extension; there's extensive documentation.

Importing from MediaWiki XML dumps

 * See Manual:Importing XML dumps

Importing from other types of wiki software
Note: The following is directly copied from old meta FAQ. It might need to be corrected.

There is some documentation about importing in the UPGRADE file distributed with MediaWiki.

To follow on from those, this is how at least one individual imported pages from usemod to MediaWiki:

Because MediaWiki does not automatically link to CamelCase style links, you will need to add brackets  to all your links. You can do this with the following:

First, obtain ImportStage1.txt (or whatever you want to call it) from the importUseModWiki.php script ( use > to pipe the output to a file )

Second, do

sed '/Importing/!s/\ [A-Z]\w*[a-z]\w*[A-Z]\w*[a-zA-Z]/\ \[\[&\]\] /g' ImportStage1.txt > ImportStage2.txt

This should create proper links in place of your CamelCase links.

This doesn't work so well for SubPage links - someone care to fix?

Then,

sed 's/upload\:\w*\.\w*/http\:\/\/aberwiki\.org\/uploads\/& /g' ImportStage2.txt > ImportStage3.txt

This fixes your upload links. Change the replace text so it fills in your url such as http://www.yourwiki.org/uploads/filename

You are now ready to import ImportStage3.txt into your database with a command such as

mysql -u -p < ImportStage3.txt

Note: If your  outputs an XML file instead of SQL statements, this probably means you have a rather new version of MediaWiki. In such a case, you can import the XML file -- see Importing a Wikipedia database dump into MediaWiki, towards the bottom of the page ('Import XML'). Don't forget to rebuild all the tables -- that page also explains how to do that.

Importing from other types of files
There are a variety of tools available to help convert content from HTML (and other formats) to MediaWiki markup.


 * Developer and SysAdmin tools
 * HTML::WikiConverter::MediaWiki - a Perl module for converting from HTML to MediaWiki markup.
 * Wikificator - a Javascript MediaWiki extension that converts XHTML to MediaWiki markup.
 * The and  maintenance scripts can be used to import text and images into MediaWiki.


 * End-user tools
 * HTML to Wiki Converter - an online HTML to MediaWiki markup conversion service. (Based on HTML::WikiConverter::MediaWiki)
 * wikEd - a text editor for MediaWiki that can import HTML (including Microsoft Word-generated HTML.)


 * Instructions
 * Brief notes on converting from Microsoft .chm help files to MediaWiki
 * Notes on converting from Microsoft Office formats to MediaWiki

MediaWiki auto importing script
Taken from wiki_import - MediaWiki auto import script:

Description
The script is designed to import a whole folder of files into MediaWiki, with the folder directory tree mapped as wiki category hierarchy.

Features

 * economic, build wiki site from existing knowledge base collection without "double-entry"
 * persistent, map folder directory tree as wiki category hierarchy
 * sophisticated, import/handle all well-known file types automatically
 * complete, cover every applicable scenario, even the case when you need to control access to individual wiki pages
 * versatile, highly customizable

Quick Help
wiki_import.sh $ $Revision: 1.1 $

mediawiki automatic file import script

Usage: wiki_import.sh [OPTIONS]...

The script is designed to import a whole folder of files into mediawiki, with the folder directory tree mapped as wiki category hierarchy.

The specification of the file-to-import is passed from standard input.

Options: -s, --sect=n    the root category section of the wiki of the imported article (mandatory) -1, --header    include standard header (category hierarchy path & notice) -l, --link      link to actual file on the web site -f, --footer    include standard footer (article category) -R, --res[=p]   add restricted tag in the footer as                     '' (default=`$_opt_sect')

Configuration Options: -p, --php=fn    mediawiki import php script specification -r, --root=n    the root category name for the whole wiki site -m, --max=n     max_allowed_packet for mysqld to import -u, --user=n    wiki user used for the import -a, --arch=p    the root url that linked-to archive files based on

Examples:

echo ./path/to/file.ext | wiki_import.sh -1 -l -f -s 'Customer Support' -R

For the rest of details, check out wiki_import.

Templates imported from other wikis (such as Wikipedia) don't work for me
You probably need to install some extensions used on the source wiki, such as ParserFunctions or sometimes Cite. Also, make sure that you copied all site CSS and JavaScript required by the template.

I want to have multiple wikis, but only require registration once

 * If you're starting from scratch or you're switching from one wiki to multiple, you can use and  to have all wikis share the user table of the "main" wiki. You can share other tables as well, as long as they don't contain any data dependent on non-shared tables or data specific to one wiki. See Manual:Shared database for examples and more information.
 * If your wikis are already established and you want to switch to a single sign-on, you can use the CentralAuth extension. It has a few more features than a shared user table, but it's more difficult to configure and it's tailored toward a Wikimedia-style setup. However, it is easier than attempting to completely merge multiple user tables into one.

How can I allow use of HTML tags?
See Manual:$wgRawHtml as well as Manual:$wgGroupPermissions and Manual:Preventing access.

See Extension:Secure HTML and Extension:HTMLets for ways to make this safer.

How do I fix problems or add features to MediaWiki?
The basic steps to improving MediaWiki (that is, becoming a MediaWiki developer) are:


 * Install Git
 * Download the Git "clone" of the MediaWiki source code
 * Get a server, a database, and PHP running on your computer (this can be annoying, so please ask for help if something isn't working)
 * Get MediaWiki running on your computer off that Git checkout (can be annoying as well, so, ditto)
 * Fix the problem or add the feature you were thinking of
 * Edit the source code of the relevant file(s) to fix the problem
 * Follow Gerrit/Tutorial

How do I run a bot?

 * See Manual:Bots

You might want to use the framework.

How do I change noindex nofollow
Set  in

How do I create a small wiki farm?

 * See: Manual:Wiki family

How do I add meta tags?
The OutputPage class includes an addMeta method which can be used to add meta tags. The RequestContext can be used to get the relevant OutputPage object.

To add further Meta tags just add further lines as last lines of the function addMetaTags like:

$out->addMeta ( 'description', 'This is a meta description.' );

…is the Help namespace empty?
The Help namespace currently ships in a blank state. It's up to you how much or how little help you give to your site visitors and whether this relates to other aspects of your site. Obviously you can easily link your visitors to help resources elsewhere.

We don't currently have a clean, internationalised set of help pages under a free license. However, if you want to copy in some help information onto your site, about how to use a wiki (a MediaWiki powered wiki) you are free to copy the Help:Contents from this wiki. This set of pages have been deliberately created for this purpose, with wiki-neutral information, and no license restrictions. See Project:PD help. More help is available at the Meta-Wiki MediaWiki Handbook.

…are some of my images not showing up after an upgrade?
Several users have reported that, following an upgrade or a moving of their wiki, several images fail to be shown inline. The files exist, and the image description pages show a MIME type of  and, in some cases, a warning about potentially dangerous files.

To fix this, run the  script from the command line. This will set MIME information for each file in the database.

Recent versions of MediaWiki implement responsive images. Due to a bug, if the server locale is set to one that uses commas instead of dots for representing a decimal point, images may not render on some browsers/devices. This can be confirmed by inspecting a thumbnail of a medium or big image on a page with the browser tools, looking at the HTML code, and see if the  attribute contains commas instead of dots when representing the   value.

…are all PNG files not being turned into thumbnails?
After upgrading to a more recent version of PHP, it is possible a different MimeMagic.php function is being used to detect file MIME types, particularly the built-in PHP function mime_content_type, which fails to detect PNG files. Search the web for mime_content_type png for information on fixing this bug at the PHP level, possibly by editing your magic.mime file.

See here for more info.

…is a search for a short keyword giving no hits?
By default, MediaWiki uses MyISAM's fulltext matching functionality to allow searching page content. The default settings for this mean that words of less than four characters won't be indexed, so will be ignored in searches with older versions of MediaWiki.

MediaWiki 1.13 and earlier are unable to work around this; you must either change MySQL/MariaDB's configuration to index shorter words, or upgrade to a more recent version of MediaWiki.

Note that some particular words may still not be indexed if they are in MySQL/MariaDB's default stopword list.

…can't I download MediaWiki {{#expr:{{MW stable branch number}}+.01}}?
MediaWiki 0000 is in a development state at present, and has not been packaged into a general release. The code can be downloaded from Git if desired. Or, if you want the latest development version packaged as an archive, get it at.

…doesn't this work? It works on Wikipedia!
Wikipedia and other Wikimedia web sites use the current version of the code in development; at present, this is MediaWiki, pulled from the current development branch. Coupled with the use of several extensions, this means that functionality between these wikis and your particular setup may differ.


 * To obtain the current development code, read Download from Git
 * To check what version a Wikimedia wiki is running, as well as what extensions are installed, visit the Special:Version page for that wiki

…do I get a 403 Forbidden error after setting permissions on my Fedora system?
Fedora Core enables SELinux by default. Instructions for setting SELinux permissions for MediaWiki are available.

…do I get logged out constantly?
This is probably related to cookies or session data, for example a problem with PHP's session.save_path setting. See Log in problems for information.

If this is happening constantly to all users, it probably means that caching is misconfigured. Setting  can be used to determine if caching is the cause of the problem. If that solves the problem, you should still investigate what is wrong with your caching configuration.

…doesn't my wiki work on Sourceforge?

 * See Manual:Installing MediaWiki on SourceForge.net.

…is it a good idea to keep user accounts?
At many times you just want to remove a user account out of the wiki either because it belonged to a spammer account or you just feel like it. The appropriate choice is to block the account or rename it if needed. Here is why:

Do I just remove his row from the User table?

Rob Church posted the following regarding this issue on the wikitech-l mailing list:

"If the user has made edits, then removing rows from the user table cause theoretical loss of referential integrity. Now, to be honest with you, I can't think of any conditions where this would cause an actual problem; "undefined behaviour" is the phrase we use.

What I'd suggest doing, to be on the safe side, is running a couple of quick updates against the database:



What this will do is cause MediaWiki to treat the revisions as having been made anonymously when generating things like page histories, which should eliminate any problems caused by these routines attempting to check user details from other tables.

If the user has caused log entries, i.e. rows in the logging table, or uploaded images, then the situation becomes trickier, as you'll have to start mopping up all the rows everywhere and it could become a bit of a mess, so if the user's done anything other than edit, I would strongly recommend just blocking them indefinitely.

If the username is offensive or undesirable, then you could consider renaming it using the RenameUser extension."

Another option is to give Admins the 'hideuser' right, and indefinitely block the user with the Hide username from edits and lists option selected.

Extension:UserMerge is also useful.

De onde arranjo a lista negra de spam e como a instalo?
A extensão lista negra de spam (spam blacklist) pode ser encontrada no repositório. Para instruções de instalação, consulte o ficheiro LEIAME.

Como utilizo o $wgSpamRegex para bloquear mais que uma frase?
O $wgSpamRegex é um poderoso filtro para conteúdo de páginas. Adicionar múltiplos itens ao regex, contudo, pode ser bastante cansativo. Considere este código:

Este código de exemplo permite adicionar convenientemente itens adicionais ao regex sem estar sempre a alterar o código. Demonstra também dois filtros populares, que bloqueiam alguns dos ataques de spam mais comuns.


 * Pode também instalar a extensão Lista Negra de Spam.

Are there additional ways to fight spam?
See Manual:Combating spam for an overview of anti-spam measures such as Captcha, content filtering and restricting edition.

Anti-vandalism
See Manual:Combating vandalism for hints and suggestions on how to deal with wiki vandalism.

Encontrei um erro ou tenho um pedido para uma funcionalidade. Onde é que o coloco?
Erros e pedidos para funcionalidades podem ser colocados no MediaZilla, a nossa implementação do Bugzilla. See How to report a bug.

I'm getting a strange error. What now?

 * See if it is covered by Manual:Errors and Symptoms
 * Try to find out more about the problem, see How to debug MediaWiki
 * See the section below for information on how to contact developers and other knowledgable users.

I tried that but it didn't work

 * I had a problem, I came to this page and it told me how to fix it. But it didn't work, the problem is still there!!!!

Nine times out of ten this is because you didn't clear your cache. The simple test for this is to request a page that hasn't been requested before. Select the part of the URL in the address bar that contains the page title (e.g. Main_Page). Twiddle your fingers on the keyboard for a while, hit enter. Check if the problem is on that page too.

MediaWiki uses both a server-side cache and a client-side cache, so clearing your browser cache is often not enough. See the relevant entry above for more details.

Here are some other things to check:
 * Were you editing the right file? Try inserting some garbage into the file you edited, does it break anything?
 * A great debugging tool in this case is to create a file called phpinfo.php, containing only . Upload it into your web directory and invoke it with your browser. Check the document root and the path to php.ini.
 * Were you editing the right part of the file? Did you create a duplicate entry in php.ini? Add new settings to the end of LocalSettings.php, not to the beginning.
 * If you created a .htaccess, are you sure AllowOverrides is on? Ask your hosting provider.

Tenho uma questão não respondida aqui. Aonde vou a seguir?
Se procurou na FAQ acima, por favor tente o seguinte:


 * Verificar outras fontes de ajuda neste sítio
 * Pesquisar no resto deste sítio
 * Pesquisar o nosso arquivo de documentação no Meta
 * Pesquisar na web
 * Dig into the source
 * See the section below for information on how to contact developers and other knowledgeable users.

Still no luck. Where can I ask for help?

 * Colocar uma mensagem no apoio técnico
 * Enviar uma mensagem por correio electrónico para a mediawiki-l mailing list
 * Perguntar aos programadores no nosso canal de IRC (rede Freenode, canal #mediawiki).

Leitura recomendada

 * Asking smart questions
 * Effective bug reporting
 * Getting help on IRC
 * Books about MediaWiki