Help:Extension:Translate/it



The Translate extension enhances MediaWiki with essential features needed to do translation work. It can be used to translate the content pages, the interface of the wiki and even other software products, as it is used at translatewiki.net. The Translate extension comes with an easy to use translation interface and can separate the content structure from the text content that needs to be translated, showing only the translatable text to translators by splitting the content into manageable units. Each unit is automatically tracked for changes, and translators immediately see what needs updating on a specific page or throughout the wiki.

The Translate extension is used to translate the user interface of MediaWiki and other software projects at translatewiki.net by hundreds of translators every month. At userbase.kde.org it is used to translate almost a thousand content pages with user documentation. It is easy to start using the Translate extension, but at the same time it also scales up and provides advanced reporting, reviewing and workflow features.

Caratteristiche


Interfaccia: La funzione principale dell'estensione Translate è la interfaccia semplice e funzionale di traduzione. Oltre alle informazioni essenziali quali definizione e documentazione di messaggi, puoi anche vedere le traduzioni in altre lingue. Se una definizione è cambiata, tu vedi il cambiamento. L'estensione arriva con alcuni controlli integrati, che possono aiutare con errori comuni come parentesi sbilanciate e variabili inutilizzate. A seconda della configurazione, ci sono altri suggerimenti dalla memoria traduzione e da altri servizi di traduzione come Google Translate, Microsoft's Bing Translator e Apertium.

The usability of the translation interface is enhanced with JavaScript and AJAX. The backend provides WebAPIs than can be used in mobile interfaces or interfaces tailored to specific kind of content. It is also possible to export messages for translation in other off-line and on-line tools that accept the Gettext po file format.

Message groups and tasks: Many of the features are built around two basic concepts: message groups and tasks.

A message group represents a collection of messages. One content page would be one message group, where, in the simplest form, each paragraph would be one message in that group. Messages used in each MediaWiki extension form a message group on translatewiki.net – a few of the largest extensions have multiple groups. You can also make a group of groups, like All newsletters or All Translate extension messages. Many of the statistics and the tasks work on the message group basis.

The tasks, or in other words different listings of messages in a message group, facilitate different use cases. Normally a translator gets a list of all untranslated messages in a chosen message group, but there are tasks where you can review messages or just get a list of all messages, translated or not.



Reporting and statistics: The extension has extensive reporting features ranging from a view of untranslated messages across all message groups in a given language to lists of translators per language with their activity level.

Content translation: If you have ever tried to translate content in MediaWiki without any tools, you know it does not scale. The translated versions get out of date and there is no way to track changes to the master page, so there are many half-translated and outdated translations without a clear overview of the overall status. Translators often feel discouraged when they can not work with small manageable pieces of text. Translators don't find what to work on or what needs updating. The users also get confused by outdated information.

This is all solved with the Translate extension and its page translation feature. It adds a bit of overhead to the pages that need translation, but the benefits far outweigh this. Essentially you only need to mark the parts of the page that need translation. The extension then splits such parts into paragraph sized units and creates a message group for them. After that translators can use all the features described above. In addition you can easily add a language bar with the tag or have links automatically go to the user's preferred language version (only) when it exists, by using links of the form Special:MyLanguage/Pagename.

Per maggiori informazioni guarda l'esercitazione (tutorial) How to set up a content page for translation e in-depth documentation of the page translation feature.

Developers: The extension comes with built-in support for many common translation file formats, like Java properties and Gettext po files. It has an extensive set of tools, both in-wiki and on the command line, to efficiently import and export translations.

Search Translations: Without a search feature, it is difficult for translators to find relevant messages with the search query. Usually, translators know the messages they are looking for and it may be inconvenient for them to traverse through all the translations to find messages relevant to their search. Also, translators might want to know the translated messages in their language for the query in a source language.

This is solved by a search tool called Search Translations. Translators can enter a search query in any language and find the messages containing the query words. With this search feature, not only can the translators find messages containing the query words, but also messages that are translated or untranslated or outdated in their own language.

Use cases
Puoi tradurre quasi tutto con l'Estensione per la Traduzione (Translate extension). Naturalmente ci sono degli strumenti specializzati per la traduzione di certi tipi di testi e con risultati migliori come per i sottotitoli dei video; ma in generale Translate funziona molto bene con qualsiasi tipo di testo che puó essere suddiviso in messaggi con una lunghezza che va da una parola a un buon paragrafo. I messaggi piú lunghi diventanto poco maneggevoli da tradurre e sono dunque piú difficili da maneggiare.

The three primary use cases that the Translate extension supports are content translation, local interface translation and software translation. All of them are covered in the following sections, with links to tutorials and to reference documentation or in-depth topical help where available. Of the three use cases the interface translation has been utilized the least.

Content translation


Most wikis have content they would like to be available in multiple languages. Whether just a few or hundreds of pages, it doesn't matter. In order to prevent wasting translator's time, pages should be marked for translation only when they are reasonably stable. Each change that is made afterwards can affect tens or hundreds of old translations, and the time needed to update them adds up. Especially with volunteer translators, you should be aware of this aspect, and respect the time they spend making translations and updates, avoiding unnecessary work. If you use the Translate extension to translate pages, you are already well on your way to using the translator time available in the most effective and efficient way.

The way the Translate extension splits up a page into paragraph sized units does not leave too much freedom for translators to change the content. This is usually a good thing and is ideal where continuity and consistency of content across languages is desired. It can be worked around, but in principle this way of doing translations is not generally suitable, for example, for Wikipedia articles, which usually are totally independent of each other. Even if they originally start as a translation from a different language, they usually begin living their own independent life from the original version. With Translate, the original page is always the main version, and new content cannot be developed in translated versions.

With these limitations in mind there are still plenty of cases where this feature is a perfect match. Most, if not all, user documentation falls into this category as well as news-like content that does not change once written. If you have the Translate extension already installed and access rights configured, try creating a page and wrapping the whole text inside  and follow the links, or follow the tutorial How to prepare a page for translation.

Local interface translation in multilingual wikis
One thing almost every wiki has customized is the sidebar. It is possible to create a message group for the custom sidebar messages and also for other local interface customisations.

One interesting expansion is the multilingual pages or templates built with the magic word. The translatewiki.net main page and some Wikimedia Commons templates are good examples of this. The magic word is an alternative to the content translation feature and it is more suitable to mark-up heavy pages just like the translatewiki.net main page. Another nice feature is that the language of the page automatically follows the user interface language, so there is no need for a language bar, although you might want to have an interface language selector instead.

Setting this up is currently a bit more complicated than content translation and needs software configuration, but it is all covered in the tutorial How to make an interface message group.

Software translation
The Translate extension is a good fit for translating software interface messages. At translatewiki.net, it is used to translate tens of software products from games to web applications. The Translate extension supports reading and updating translations from and to common formats used in web development including Java properties, Gettext and Yaml files.

Change tracking is also available for externally tracked files, because internally the extension uses a cached derivative version of the localisation files where the source text and its translations are stored, instead of using them directly in their original format. Translation administrators can either use the web interface or a command line interface to check new message definitions and "fuzzy" (request update of) translations when they need updating. This works regardless of the underlying file format or version control system (if any).

With simple command line tools, translation administrators can easily import even a large set of existing translations and with just one command they can export all translations in the correct format and in the correct directory structure. You can export directly to your VCS repository checkout, where you can easily commit changes and new files.

Search Translations
The tool comes with essential features that you can use to reach messages you need. The uses the tool to search through large data sets across multiple languages. It can help translators to search in a wiki's source language and get results in their language. The results themselves are categorized into four columns: message content matches, translated matches, messages which need translations and outdated translations respectively. The left panel allows users to narrow down search results based on language and group filters. A limit is set to not get all the results at once to avoid excessive resource usage and navigate through the next set of messages using Previous and Next button at the bottom of the tool.

You can put '*', the wildcard character at the end of the string that can always finish words for you and will give you the results of the search term before it. For instance, if you can remember only a part of terms, type what you can remember and add the * at the end - Search Translations takes care of the rest. You cannot use the wildcard searches in the middle of a term (e.g. Wiki* or Wiki*edia gives you the same results). As a translator, you may also already know about the message key which you can reach with a single click. Normally, the search returns translations that match any of the search terms. If the search returns many results, then it provides a notice for the users as an option to perform a search for messages that have all terms. It does not provide case sensitive search by default but you may tick the checkbox to make your search case sensitive.

For translators and translation administrators

 * Come tradurre [Tutorial]
 * Translation best practices
 * Statistiche e segnalazioni
 * Quality assurance
 * Message group states
 * Traduzione offline
 * [In corso] Glossario

Per gli amministratori delle traduzioni

 * Come preparare una pagina per la traduzione [Tutorial]
 * Page translation administration
 * Interface message groups (localised sidebar, main page and templates) [Tutorial]
 * [In corso] Message group management
 * YAML configuration format
 * How to write YAML configuration for file based message groups [Tutorial]

Riferimenti per gli sviluppatori

 * Installazione e Configurazione; MediaWiki Language Extension Bundle should be enough in most cases.
 * [In corso] Translate explained for developers
 * Hooks
 * [In corso] Gruppi di messaggi
 * [In corso] Supporto dei formati di file
 * Translation aids
 * [Unwritten] Web API
 * Insertables
 * Translation memories

Related

 * Translation notifications
 * Localisation/Tutorial: General localisation tutorial for developers, for use at hackathons & trainings
 * Extension:TranslateSvg: Adds support for translating SVG files
 * Universal Language Selector: Provides webfonts and input methods

Da fare

 * Implementation on Meta-Wiki.
 * See translate-doc for specific tasks.