Phabricator/Help/ja

Phabricator (ファブリケーター) 利用者の皆さん、なにか質問があれば、Discussion page（ノートページ）で質問してください. 私たちは受け取ったフィードバックに基づいて文書を改善していきます. Phabricator を試してみる場合は、クラウド サービスのインスタンスで行わなければなりません.

ファブリケータの基本とできることを理解するには、. もしくはこのページを読み続けて、ファブリケータに飛び込んで利用を始めてください.

アカウントの作成
新しい Phabricator アカウントはウィキメディアのグローバルアカウントでも、同開発者アカウントでも紐付けできます. どちらの場合にもパスワードは共通でかまいません.

ウィキメディアのグローバルアカウントを使う



 * まず、ウィキメディアに していることを確認してください.
 * ウィキメディアのアカウントをまだ持っていないなら、.
 * ファブリケータのログインページに行ってください (ログアウト状態のとき、ログインのためのリンクはページの右上部分のドアに矢印の形で表示されています).
 * ひまわりのアイコンのついている"Login or Register - MediaWiki"（ログインまたは登録 - メディアウィキ）というボタンをクリックしてください.
 * すると　MediaWiki.org から連携を承認するか聞かれます.
 * Phabricator から利用者名を尋ねられます. 疑いがある場合は本名ではなく、ウィキメディアの利用者名だけ用いますが、Phabricator はASCII文字以外は受け付けないので、たとえば العَرَبِيةُ や 中华民族、Xïのような文字（漢字・カタカナ・ひらかなを含む）、あるいは空白は使えません（アンダーバー「 」で代用してください）. 認証には有効なメールアドレスも求められますが、公開はされません.


 * 左のナビゲーション欄にあるManageボタンを押します.
 * 続いてEdit Profileを押し、他の人が探しやすいように Also Known As 欄（別名としてたとえば姓名）を記入します.

ウィキメディアの開発者アカウントを使う

 * もしウィキメディア開発者アカウント &mdash; 別名 LDAP アカウントまたは Gerrit アカウントあるいはwikitech アカウントとも呼ぶ — をもっているなら、それでもログインできます. 単一のファブリケータの利用者名に対して、MediaWiki.org と LDAP の両方と連携できます. これは万一、ウィキメディアの統一アカウントがうまく使えない場合のバックアップになりえます.  ひとつのファブリケータの利用者名にウィキメディアの統一アカウントと LDAP アカウントを紐付けしましょう！  そうしないと、ファブリケータのアカウントをふたつ作ることになってしまいます.

2要素認証
セキュリティ作業にアクセス権のある利用者は除外しますが、ウィキメディアのファブリケータでは2項目認証システムの使用は推奨しません. それでも使いたいとお考えなら、まずmulti-factor authentication のガイドラインと要件を読んでください.

トラブルシューティング

 * もし入力した電子メールアドレスの間違いが原因で Phabricatorのアカウントが無効になった場合は、ヘルプページにその旨を投稿してください.
 * Phabricator アカウントにログインできなくなった場合には、Talk:Phabricator/Helpページにそのことを投稿してください.
 * Phabricatorアカウントを作成しようとして「そのメールアドレスは既に使われています」というエラーが表示された場合は、「MediaWikiにログインもしくは登録」経由でアカウント作成を試みてください - もしかしたら過去にウィキメディア開発者アカウントからPhabricatorアカウントを登録してあったのかもしれません. その場合は開発者アカウントから Phabricator にログインします. 開発者赤運とのパスワードを忘れた場合は、wikitech:Special:PasswordResetでリセットします.
 * もし何らかの理由で Phabricator の利用者名を変更する場合は、Talk:Phabricator/Helpにそのことを投稿します.

以前のバグジラとRTのアカウントをClaimする
ここのリンクをたどってください

更新と通知を受け取る
利用者に関係のある事象について、ご本人の挙動を含めてPhabricatorから通知が届きます.

Phabricatorには通知を受け取る方法がいくつかあります.


 * 単一のオブジェクト（タスクやモックアップなど）に興味があるなら、そのページの （登録する） をクリックしてください. コメントをつければ、自動的に登録されます.
 * あるプロジェクトの事象すべてに興味がある場合は、プロジェクトの説明ページにある （プロジェクトをウォッチする）をクリックしてください. 詳しい情報はProjectsの利用者ガイド「Watching Projects」の項目を参照してください.

See Phabricator/Help/Managing mail for reducing the amount of mail notifications and about filtering mail notifications.

トラブルシューティング
タスクに関連して想定外のメール通知を受信した場合.


 * タスクのメーリングリストを購読した記憶はありませんか.
 * プロジェクト、サブプロジェクトに参加しませんでしたか. 自分が参加しているプロジェクトの一覧が売っています.
 * そのタスクに関連のあるプロジェクトをウォッチリストに入れていませんか. ウォッチリストに登録した全記事の一覧を利用できます.
 * In your email preferences under "Maniphest Tasks", you might have enabled "One of a task's subtasks changes status".
 * You might have a personal Herald rule set up. Check the "X-Herald-Rules" message header field to see a list of all applied Herald rules.

もっと複雑な通知のルールを設定（Herald 利用）
こちらのリンク先では、カスタム（個人用）通知ルールをWikimedia Phabricator's Heraldで作成する方法を述べています. 高度なオプションのため操作しづらい点がある上に、個人設定の観点からも慎重に使う必要があります.

タスクの作成
タスク策正野方法はいくつかあり、伝えたい情報の種類によって使い分けます. フォームに記入するとき、よくわからない欄は変更しないでそのままにしてください.
 * 新規タスク：上部のナビゲーションバーの右側にある星型のボタンを押すとドロップダウンメニューが開きます. Create Taskを選ぶと、記入用のフォームが開きます.
 * セキュリティの問題：上部のナビゲーションバー右側の星型ボタンを押します. ドロップダウンメニューが開くので、Report Security Issueを選んで押します.  するとすでにSecurityタグがついた記入用のフォームが開き、セキュリティ上のバグを報告する方法について、特別な指示を受けるページへのリンクが添えてあります.
 * 既存のタスクのサブタスク：既存のタスクの右欄にある、Edit Related Tasks… > Create Subtaskの順に押します. 2件のあいだの依存関係が設定され、親タスクと同じ指数が既定で付きます（Assigned To、Subscribers、Priority、Projects）. 作成したサブタスクは親タスクの「Task Graph」に置かれ、並びは最近の更新の順になります.

フォーマットする
Phabricatorではテキスト記述領域にいくつかの書式が使えます. [https://secure.phabricator.com/book/phabricator/article/remarkup/ Phabricatorの書式の概念はこのリンク先で参照してください. ]

プロジェクトを選ぶ
Phabricatorを利用するプロジェクトに特定のタスクを関連付ける（タグ付けする）には、Tags欄にプロジェクト名を記入し、自動補完で表示されるリストから該当するものを選びます（リストにはヒットした5件だけ表示）. プロジェクトを検索して短い説明を読むには、Tags欄の虫眼鏡アイコンを押します. Tags欄には2件以上プロジェクトを記入できます. もしわからなければ空欄のままでかまいません — プロジェクトを指定していないタスクは triagers が対処してくれます. プロジェクトの一覧（list of projects=長文）もあり、プロジェクトを検索するには と入力します. （左記の一覧はPhabricator/Projectsでも閲覧できます. ）

タスクの優先度を設定する
通常、優先度を設定するのは、プロジェクト管理者かメインテイナー、もしくはそのタスクを担当する予定の開発者、あるいは bugwrangler かコミュニティ内の経験豊かなメンバーであり、バグレポートの報告者自身や外部の開発者は適任ではありません. 詳細はPhabricator project management（プロジェクト管理）を参照してください.

メールを使う
タスクの作成は[mailto:task@phabricator.wikimedia.org task@phabricator.wikimedia.org]宛てにメールを送って処理することもできます. メールの題名がタスクのタイトルになり、メール本文をそのまま読み込んでタスクの説明に、添付ファイルはトークページに読み込まれます. プロジェクトを指定するには、メール本文の冒頭に"!projects"コマンドに続けてハッシュタグを、例えば と記述します. [https://secure.phabricator.com/applications/mailcommands/PhabricatorManiphestApplication/task/ その他のコマンドを使い、メール経由でタスクの担当者、優先度、状態を設定できます. ]

''注記: もしメールの署名の書式が慣行上の標準（本文と署名を識別する 「 -- 」半角ハイフン2個を含む）に従っていないと、それも同様に投稿されます. 初回の利用時に、メール署名から個人を特定できる情報を削除するよう推奨しています.

タスク作成URLと特定の設定値
"Report a bug in Phabricator" link can pass numerous values via URL parameters appended to the generic task creation link.

This is a very advanced feature. Learn more here.

コメントに返信、マークアップする
返信するにも、やはりアカウントが必要です.

コメントと説明文を書く
Phabricatorではコメントや説明文の投稿や編集ができ、書式を付けたり、「添付ファイルをアップロードする」に説明したように、画像その他のファイルを添付したりできます. 入力欄の上にツールバーがあるので、.

ページのいちばん下にはその場でプリビューが表示され、思ったとおりに表示されるかどうか確認できます. よく使うマークアップの例を挙げます.
 * 利用者名を の形で書くと、相手のプロフィールにリンクして、相手を購読者にします.
 * タスク番号を例えば のように追加すると、タスクとのリンクで結ばれ、またホバーカードが付きます. と入力すると、文中にタスク名が挿入されます.
 * Adding a project name as in  will create a link to the project main page.
 * If you want to quote text, you can simply add " " at the beginning. If you want to reply a comment including it as a quote, click the drop down arrow at the right end of the comment you want to reply.
 * If you want to display an uploaded mockup image file, e.g., like, embedded in your comment, write.
 * If you want to create an external link, e.g.  in wiki markup, use   including the whitespaces in Phabricator.
 * If you want to add a web address (URL link) in a comment for example to provide a testcase, it is highly recommended to copy and paste the full web address from your web browser's address bar, e.g.,  instead of  . Interwiki prefixes like   are not supported in Phabricator and most customizations that Bugzilla had neither, e.g., Gerrit changes should be pasted as full web addresses too.
 * If you want to paste lines of code, add a line with three backticks before and after the code: . Or create a Paste and link to the Paste from the task.

Note that Phabricator's own markup language is different from MediaWiki's markup.

添付ファイルをアップロードする
There are several ways to upload files: You can add a file (for example a screen photo) to a comment or a task description via drag and drop with your mouse. Users can also copy and paste images via the clipboard functionality of their system.

If this is not available on your system you can use phabricator:file/upload and refer to the file number (like "123") that is shown after a successful upload by writing  in a comment. This will create a link to the file. To include the file in the comment, enclose the ID in braces:. Per default it's included as thumbnail. For more formatting options, visit Remarkup reference. If you have to upload files frequently and consider the currently available options uncomfortable, you could also add a text panel to your homepage with a direct link.

Note that you cannot upload a file and then decrease the access level to the file (e.g linking it to a restricted security ticket). You would have to delete the file and re-upload it with stricter access permissions. It is recommended to upload files which should have restricted access together with the creation of a restricted (security) ticket. Further, note that anyone with the full URL to a file can download the file or share the link with others. There is no authentication protecting files from being accessed. Phabricator files rely entirely on security through obscurity; guessing the (pseudo-random) URL for any given file would be very difficult. If you need more protection for particularly sensitive files then you should consider a more secure alternative.

If you ever need to delete a file that you uploaded, open the list of files you authored, select the file and click "Delete File" in the sidebar.

ファブリケータにおけるプロジェクトの運営
If you maintain or manage a project, please follow this link for more details.

親タスクとサブタスク
Tasks can be a parent task or a subtask of any number of other tasks. If Task A is not solved until Task B is solved, then Task A is the parent task, and Task B is the subtask. Such relations can be set via "Edit Related Tasks...". Parent tasks and subtasks are displayed under "Task Graph" in the task. This feature can be used to accomplish a few different things:

NOTE: There is a "Edit Related Tasks... > Create Subtask" feature. In addition to setting up the correct parent/subtask relationship, it also caries the CC (subscription) list into the new subtask.
 * Blockers and Subtasks. A (parent) task might simply be blocked by another (sub)task, representing a dependency (see Phabricator/Project management on how to add a subtask).
 * Tracking. A "workless" (parent) task blocked by several (sub)tasks might be tracking a collection of (sub)tasks within a release or other time period. Note that "Tracking" here has a different meaning from the deprecated #Tracking tag in Phabricator.
 * Approval. Several (parent) tasks (such as draft team goals) might be blocked by a single (sub)task which represents the draft tasks getting approved, after which those draft goals are now real goals.

優先順位付け
See Phabricator/Project management

割り当て
See Phabricator/Project management

タスクの "追跡"
The term "tracking task" was brought over from Bugzilla, where it had a specific meaning: A task which was blocked on other tasks, but which itself did not represent any work, and which was not tied to a specific release/date. An example might be a Task named "Clean up the documentation", which might then have a variety of subtasks, each of which would describe specific work to be done. These "Tracking" Tasks tended to stick around for a long time (or forever), as their subtasks would get resolved but new ones would get created. In Phabricator, projects are favored over 'tracking tasks' with dependencies.

Note, however, that there are other types of work-less umbrella tasks which do still make sense in Phabricator. Notably, "Release" tasks. An upcoming release could be represented by a Task, which lists as subtasks all the actual work tasks which are targeted for that release. Once the release goes out, it can be resolved. A similar use would be to have a task which represents a teams overall goals for the quarter, and then each goal might (or might not) be a blocking subtask.

Search context (global vs advanced)


Phabricator consists of several applications (task management in "Maniphest" being one of them, or Diffusion for code browsing).



There are 2 different search forms:


 * The global search at https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/search/query/advanced/. This one is fairly simple. It is in the upper right corner. By default, it searches across all applications and hence all types of documents (open tasks, closed tasks, code commits, etc…). You can change the default context using the the arrow menu to the left of the search bar. For example, select "Open Tasks" to only show results in open tasks from the Maniphest issue tracker. Or select "Current Application" to search Maniphest in Maniphest, Diffusion in Diffusion etc.
 * Advanced, application specific search, for example at https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/query/advanced/ for Maniphest. This one has more fields, and auto-completion that includes "Not in:..." (equivalent to NOT) and "In any:..." (equivalent to OR) (for example, type "echo" in the "Tags" field). There is also an advanced search for most other applications (e.g. file/query/advanced for Files). To only search for tasks / bug reports, use the Maniphest advanced search.

Inside Maniphest, custom, saved searches and advanced search options are listed in the navigation bar on the left.

Search terms
Special care needs to be put in choosing correct search terms.

Some locally-valid properties for the "Query" field:
 * Case insensitive:  is the same as
 * phrase search works:
 * basic tokenization is performed, e.g. to strip punctuation
 * Stemming is performed: "edited" is also found when searching for . However,   does not match   as quoted text does not stem.
 * Substring search is supported:  matches , but   does not.
 * matches  as quoted and substring-operator text uses substring search.
 * Boolean queries to exclude certain terms are possible by using the - symbol before the unwanted term. E.g. use  to exclude "non-fatal" errors from results.
 * To only search in a task title but not in the task description or comments, use  which is the same as  . To search for one term in the task title and other terms anywhere in a task, use   or  . See https://secure.phabricator.com/book/phabricator/article/search/ for more information.

The advanced search forms are not explicit about the logic but in general use AND between different fields. You can exclude specific projects from the results by entering  (equivalent to NOT) and combine several projects via   (equivalent to OR) via the auto-completion suggestions. There's a limit of 5 items in the maniphest autocomplete. To increase this limit, see these userscripts for Chrome and for Firefox.

Alternatives ways to find something
If you don't remember the exact words used in an item you are looking for you can follow one of these paths:
 * use the activity feed and edit the query to be restricted to certain projects or timeframes
 * use the activity feed to list all actions that you performed in a certain timeframe at feed/query/EW2FwdAi.Kfz/
 * use an external search engine;
 * remove all search terms, refine the search only by project etc. and then scan all the possible results manually or use Ctrl+F to search specific strings (this might require setting "Page Size" to a high value to display more than only 100 results);
 * file a new task, mentioning that a past report exists as well, and wait for someone to merge the new report to the old.

Selecting Dates and Date Ranges
This is only available in the Advanced Search.

Using the Date fields like "Created After" and "Created Before" allow entering absolute and relative dates. Note that Maniphest uses UTC.

To get a list of tasks which were created in the last 24 hours, set the "Created After" field to "-24 hours" or "-1 day". Note that "Updated Before" actually means "Last updated before" and that absolute date values like "2014-11-26" refer to UTC time while your time zone setting might be different. The "Updated After" and "Updated Before" fields return any and all changes to a task. For example, when a task is moved to another column in a board it registers as "updated". This may add noise to your search results.

Examples of how Maniphest interprets searches:
 * "02/25/2015" is interpreted as "00:01 on February 25th, 2015" (UTC)
 * "5 days ago" is interpreted as "00:01 on the fourth calendar day before today" (UTC)
 * "2:45 AM 5 days ago" is interpreted as "02:45 on the fourth calendar day before today" (UTC)

The "X days ago" range can be confusing. Phabricator interprets today as part of any data set. Even if it is 12:30 UTC, Phabricator will interpret that as a potential day in the range.

Saving and Managing Searches/Queries
Queries can be saved and managed inside Maniphest.

Maniphest offers links to some predefined search queries in the navigation bar on the left. For example, click authored to get a list of tasks that you have created.

Search query addresses (URL) are stable so you can save and reuse them. You can share the address in your web browser's address bar with other people, e.g. via posting the link on a wikipage.

If you want to save a search, select the "Save Query" button at the bottom of the Advanced Search UI.

When looking at the navigation bar on the left in Maniphest, click on the "Edit Queries…" link. You will see a list of your saved queries. All users have a default set which can be deleted in this UI.

Some options in this UI:
 * Use the line elements on the left to drag queries up and down in the list.
 * The "x" will permanently delete a Query.
 * The Pencil icon allows a user to edit the name of a query
 * Clicking on the name of a Query will bring up the search options and results of that query

Once you save a query, you cannot change its parameters, but you can change its name. To edit a query, click on it's name, change parameters and save it as a new query. Also, Phabricator allows users to save multiple queries with the same name.

To make the user name dynamic (e.g. for "Tasks assigned to the person running this query") in searches that you'd like to share with others, set "Current viewer".

Note that some common queries are also available in the "Activity" tabs on the Phabricator frontpage.

Finding the Maniphest task corresponding to a Bugzilla bug number
This is only available in the Advanced Search.

All Phabricator tasks migrated in 2014 from Bugzilla have a Reference field that contains a value "bz" followed by the number of the equivalent report in Bugzilla. If you want to search the task corresponding to a specific Bugzilla report, use the Reference field in the advanced search or just add 2000.

ダッシュボード
Dashboards are specially designed home pages which can display a wide range of custom information. They can be created, managed and shared between users.

Click here for a detailed Dashboard walkthrough.

一括編集
Phabricator offers the possibility to perform mass/bulk edits for tasks. At the end of any Maniphest search query you will find a "Batch Edit Selected" to edit all the tasks you have selected using Shift-click. Users willing to use this feature need to join the Triagers group.

Batch editing can be reversed by noting the "Bulk Job" ID that is generated at the start of a Batch Edit. This can be accessed by clicking "Details" before or after executing. On the following page, there will be a "Continue" menu item to the right, which will generate a Maniphest query of all the affected tasks.

Favorites
The Star menu in the top navigation bar can be customized with links to your preferred forms and actions. See the Profile Menu instructions for more information.

アイテムの個人的リスト
The "Flag For Later" functionality offers marking objects (like tasks or revisions) which "you want to remember to look at later". Eight flag colors are available. Flags are personal and private so your lists cannot be shared with others. Your flagged objects are listed on flag. They can be searched by color or object type, in contrast to tokens.

プロジェクトの作成


In Phabricator projects are tags, tags are projects. Hierarchy via sub-projects is available since February 2016. Tasks can be assigned to more than one project, and they can also be submitted without assigning them to any project.

どんなときにプロジェクトが必要か？
In general, you need a project...
 * when you have an established team running one or several projects (start here, ask more only when you need more)
 * when you need a workboard (i.e. a sprint)
 * when you need a tag or keyword to organize a type of task that can be part of any project (for example "Accessibility")

新しいプロジェクトを要請する
See Phabricator/Requesting a new project.

Restricting access to tasks
Access to a specific task can be changed via "Edit Task" and then changing the "Visible To" field to something else than "Public".

Note that tasks filed as Security issues are not publicly visible. See Reporting security bugs for more information. See Phabricator/Creating and renaming projects for default project settings (and using Spaces).

Displaying and using a Space
''Spaces (upstream documentation) allow restricting access to groups of objects (like tasks) to members of a specific group only. See Restricting access via Space policies for setting up.''

If you can access at least two spaces, you see an additional Spaces dropdown under "Visible To" when creating and editing an object. Users with access to only one space will not see this control.

In Maniphest's task view, the Space will also be displayed in front of the task summary. You can batch-edit tasks to move them to a different Space.

Note that you will still have to associate the corresponding "public" project (if existing) to a task to make a task in a restricted Space (which you have access to) to show up in search queries and the workboard of the project. The "public" project could be automatically added via requesting a global Herald rule.

When creating tasks in Spaces, use the "Create Advanced Task" option in the "Create Task" dropdown. This option will display an additional Spaces dropdown under "Visible To" in the task creation UI that will allow you to set visibility to the Space for which this task should be visible.

If you instead create a task via the "Create Simple Task" option in the "Create Task" dropdown, then after you create it, you will have to edit the task to restrict visibility to members of the Space. Before this edit, the task will be visible to anyone and notifications about your task might have been sent to public logged IRC channels and other subscribed individuals.

MediaWikiのテンプレートとリンク

 * You can link to Phabricator tasks from wiki pages using  and its shorter version , for instance   generates example.
 * Template:Tracked has been updated to include links to Phabricator objects — see at the right how  is rendered.
 * Template:Phabricator is also available;  generates.

Existing Bugzilla links and templates will still work, because those links will continue to point to  which will redirect them to the converted Phabricator task.

チャットに参加 (Conpherence)
Conpherence is a Phabricator application that enables private conversations between two or more users, similar to instant messaging and private chat rooms. No team is known to use this. It may conflict with other established communication channels such as IRC. To learn more click here.

Conpherence has an optional persistent window/column that can be shown and hidden with the keyboard key "\". Users may accidentally activate this feature, and it can only be hidden again by using the "\" key (there is no graphical UI feature to close it).

統計
Phabricator offers tables showing the open tasks by priority and by either user or project (not available due to T125357). Apart from that, Phabricator doesn't support further statistics, metrics, charts, reports (e.g. over time) or however you may call them, whether built-in or via an API. その他、PhabricatorはPhragileとPhlogistonというレポートツールをオプションで使用します.

リポジトリ・ブラウザ（Diffusion）


DiffusionとはPhabricatorのリポジトリブラウザ です. 別のオプションとしては、リポジトリの閲覧専用のミラーとしてhttps://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/plugins/gitiles/?format=HTMLでgitiles を用います. 現状ではデモのため、Gitリポジトリを一部だけPhabricatorにミラーしています.

To request and set up a new code repository, see Gerrit/New repositories/Requests.

既定の領域 (Forms)


Phabricator allows some customization of the fields shown for a given task. These are handled via the Forms feature.

API (Conduit)
Conduit is the name of the web API. https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/conduit/ offers some explanation and examples. See the Conduit upstream documentation. Also see Phabricator/Bots.

その他のリンク

 * その他の
 * OAuth consumer phabricator-production, 接続するアプリの管理には接続済みアプリケーションの管理を使います.
 * Phabricatorエチケット&mdash;行動規範と平行して守るべきガイドライン