Extension:CheckUser/fr


 * Cette page est dédiée entèrement à l'extension CheckUser. Pour consulter la politique de vérification des utilisateurs de la Fondation Wikimedia, allez plutôt sur CheckUser policy.

CheckUser est une extension qui permet à un utilisateur (qui a les droits checkuser) de vérifier quelles adresses IP sont utilisées par un nom d'utilisateur donné, et quels sont les noms d'utilisateurs qui utilisent une adresse IP donnée, sans avoir à lancer manuellement des requêtes dans la base de données. L'extension est toujours active sur tous les wikis Wikimedia.

Installation
L'extension est publiée sous la licence publique générale GNU 2.0 ou postérieure. Le logiciel est fourni en l'état. Les mises à jour se feront en fonction des besoins des wikis Wikimedia, ou lorsque des vulnérabilités critiques seront découvertes.

De base

 * si vous avez installé d'autres extensions sans avoir exécuté, exécutez-le d'abord.

Installation sans utiliser l'invite de commande
Beaucoup de fournisseurs d'hébergement n'autorisent pas l'accès direct au shell mais permettent la création de tâches de type cron (par exemple à l'aide de l'interface web cPanel). Pour ces fournisseurs une tâche temporaire de cron peut être utilisée pour exécuter  (bien sûr avec   pointant vers le chemin réel complet de install.php). If you are using a remote server and do not have command prompt access (nor cron job solution is suitable for you), but do have access through phpMyAdmin, substitute these steps for step #2 above:


 * 1) Téléchargez et
 * 2) Dans phpMyAdmin, cliquez sur la base de données que vous utilisez pour MediaWiki sur le côté gauche
 * 3) Sur l'écran suivant, cliquez sur l'onglet supérieur.
 * 4) At "Location of the text file", choose one of the files, select compression "None", and click the bottom "Go" button.
 * If your phpMyAdmin screen has only a text field and no text file chooser, click the "SQL" button in the left-side column, under the phpMyAdmin logo, and click the "import files" tab in the new window that opens.
 * 1) Repeat for the second file

Sur un nouveau wiki
Follow step 1 as above, then run the MediaWiki installation. The MediaWiki installer will automatically perform the installation tasks if you select the checkbox for CheckUser when prompted for which extensions to install.

Configuration
This tool migrates recent changes data to a separate  table, and adds to that when new entries are added. If  was previously set to false, there will be no initial data to search but new edits will fill in as soon as the extension is set up.

After you run the queries, you can reduce  to make recentchanges shorter, without affecting checkuser. Use  to set how far back checkuser data can go, in seconds.

In versions for MediaWiki 1.22 and later, the CheckUser-specific setting $wgCheckUserCIDRLimit determines the largest range that can be checked in a single check. Its format is the same as. Otherwise, the default limit (for all versions) is /32 for IPv6 checks and /16 for IPv4 checks.

CheckUsers using Mozilla Firefox can add this JS script to their .js file. Cela permet de récupérer plus facilement les données IP de WHOIS. Cela nécessite que la prise en charge de  soit activée (about:config). (Ceci peut être  dans Firefox 3)

Attribuer les droits pour utiliser CheckUser
To grant the right to use the Check User function, a user with user rights management must go to Special:UserRights and enter the user's name in the box, then select the option "Check User". Once this is done, the Check User option will show up on the Special pages page for that user.

To turn on user rights management for sysops, put the following into LocalSettings.php:

To only allow the adding and removing of the checkuser permission, use the following instead:

Interface de base

 * 1) Allez sur Special:CheckUser.
 * 2) In the user field, type in the username (without the 'user:' prefix), IP address, or CIDR range.
 * 3) * IP: toute adresse IPv4 ou IPv6.
 * 4) * CIDR: you can check a range of IP addresses by appending the CIDR prefix (by default, up to /16 for IPv4 (65,536 addresses), up to /64 for IPv6 (~1.8446*1019 addresses) before revision 7352, up to /48 for IPv6 (~1.2089*1024 addresses or 65536 /64s - controlled by $wgCheckUserCIDRLimit in the latest version) after revision 7352, and up to /32 (65536 /48's) after revision rECHU9d7c239bf88866eca577f3241194d440f94fa014). For notation, see Range blocks.
 * 5) * XFF: you can check a client IP address provided by X-Forwarded-For headers by appending /xff (for example, 127.0.0.1/xff).
 * 6) Choisissez l'information que vous voulez récupérer.
 * 7) * Get IPs: returns IP addresses used by a registered user.
 * 8) * Get edits from IP: returns all edits and logged actions made by a user (registered or anonymous) from an IP address or range.
 * 9) * Get users: renvoie les comptes des utilisateurs ayant fait des modifications, à partir d'une adresse IP ou d'un intervalle d'adresses.
 * 10) In the reason field, type in the reason you are accessing the confidential data. Try to succinctly summarise the situation (for example, "cross-wiki spam"); this will be logged in a log visible only to users with the checkuser-log permission.

Informations rendues
A typical entry in the CheckUser results for a user summary ("get users") is as follows:


 * Example (Talk | contribs) (20:11, -- 20:12, ) [5]
 * 127.0.0.37 XFF: 127.0.0.1, 127.0.0.5

This is formatted to fit a lot of information into a format that can very easily be listed and skimmed, but is difficult to read unless you know what the information provided is. The information is laid out as follows:


 * nom d'utilisateur (liens de l'utilisateur) (période de temps écoulée depuis la modification faite à partir de l'adresse IP ou de l'intervalle d'adresses) [nombre de modifications faites à partir de l'adresse IP ou d'un intervalle d'adresses]
 * Adresse IP de laquelle la modification a été faite XFF: XFF information provided (can be spoofed)

Each IP/XFF combination used to edit is listed, in order of use.

The last ten user agents (browser, operating system, system language, and versions) for each user for edits made in the IP or range are listed afterwards.

Format XFF
XFF (X-Forwarded-For) headers indicate the series of IP addresses used from the user's computer (first) to the last proxy server. In case of Wikimedia, the last proxy server is one of the Wikimedia proxies (listed under in the Wikimedia configuration file).

Dans cet exemple :

aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa       XFF: 10.4.46.42, 127.0.0.1, aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa, 208.80.152.46


 * the first two addresses (10.4.46.42, 127.0.0.1) are private to the originating network and can't be reached directly from the public Internet,
 * the third address (aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa) is the "public face" of the editor, usually a broadband or dialup ISP, a company gateway, (but possibly an anonymizer or a malware-compromised server),
 * the last address (208.80.152.46) is one of the Wikimedia squids (sq36.wikimedia.org).

MediaWiki configuration settings, , and extensions using the  hook (such as ) change the way an actual IP address used to attribute edits is selected.

Liens vers les outils personnels
When you get results from Special:CheckUser you can add personal user tool links via two interface messages:
 * for IP addresses (for example m:MediaWiki:checkuser-userlinks-ip)
 * for registered users (for example m:MediaWiki:Checkuser-userlinks)

Messages d'erreur

 * database query syntax error

If you receive an error message like this when you try to save a page:

A database query syntax error has occurred. This may indicate a bug in the software. The last attempted database query was:

(requête SQL masquée)

from within function "efUpdateCheckUserData". Database returned error "1146: Table 'cu_changes' doesn't exist (localhost)".

This means that CheckUser has not been installed correctly. In this case you forgot to create the necessary  table in your database.

API
CheckUser fournit également une API.

api.php?action=query&list=checkuser&curequest=userips&cutarget=Jimbo_Wales api.php?action=query&list=checkuser&curequest=edits&cutarget=127.0.0.1/16&xff=1&cureason=Some_check

api.php?action=query&list=checkuserlog&culuser=WikiSysop&cullimit=25 api.php?action=query&list=checkuserlog&cultarget=127.0.0.1&culfrom=20111015230000