Manual:LocalSettings.php/pt

O ficheiro   fornece as definições de configuração básicas (baseada no ficheiro ) de uma instalação do MediaWiki. Utilize bem o seu tempo para rever as definições deste ficheiro. O ficheiro é normalmente criado pelo instalador da Web do seu MediaWiki, mas pode ajustar os parâmetros, possivelmente em conjunto com as definições do Apache. Para as instalações do MediaWiki configuradas como um conjunto de wikis, poderá ser utilizado um ficheiro chamado.

Localização no servidor
O ficheiro  não é uma página wiki e não pode acedê-la com o seu navegador da Web.

De facto, este é um ficheiro do sistema do servidor. O seu conteúdo gerado durante a configuração inicial da wiki e o ficheiro resultante devem ser copiados manualmente para o seu servidor. O ficheiro deve estar localizado na diretoria de instalação do MediaWiki, ou seja, na mesma diretoria de pastas, tais como  ou   e os ficheiros, tail como. Se este ficheiro não está lá, a wiki não irá funcionar. Se a wiki funcionar, então o ficheiro está lá. Se não o consegue encontrar, pode executar este comando find / -iname 'LocalSettings.php' -print na kanela do terminal para o localizar.

(Se estiver a utilizar o Vagrant, consulte também MediaWiki-Vagrant#MediaWiki_settings.)

Segurança
O arquivo LocalSettings.php contém dados sensíveis, como usuário e senhas do seu bancos de dados. Estes dados nunca devem ser revelados ao público! Devido a falhas de segurança no seu servidor, é possível que outros usuários possam visualizar o conteúdo do arquivo. A fim de melhorar a segurança dos seus dados, você deve configurar as permissões do UNIX para este arquivo adequadamente: o usuário do servidor web deve ter acesso a este arquivo. Se esta é a mesma conta, que é o dono do arquivo, então você pode definir permissões para "600". Às vezes, o usuário servidor web não é o dono do arquivo, mas ele está no grupo de usuários UNIX do proprietário. Neste caso, as permissões de "640" devem estar certas. Para maior segurança, você deve reduzir as permissões de acesso tanto quanto possível. This data should never be revealed to the public! Due to a security breach somewhere on the server, it might happen that other users are able to view the contents of files. In order to improve security of your data, you should set UNIX permissions for this file accordingly: The webserver user must have access to this file. If this is the same account, who is the owner of the file, then you can set permissions to 600. Sometimes, the webserver user is not the file owner, but they are in the owner's UNIX user group. In this case, permissions of 640 should be fine. For improved security you should narrow permissions down as far as possible.

Você também pode criar um usuário MySQL restrito apenas ao banco de dados usado pelo wiki e fornecer somente as credenciais desse usuário específico no arquivo LocalSettings.php. E adicionalmente, também pode configurar o servidor de banco de dados para aceitar apenas conexões internas, por exemplo, do localhost ou dependendo das regras do seu serviço Web utilizado, endereço específico da máquina - isso ajuda a impedir o acesso a partir do exterior em caso vazamento de credenciais.

See also for a method to move the sensitive parts of   to a different file in a different directory.

Conteúdos de ficheiro
When you edit, make sure to save it in the right encoding again. You should use "ANSI as UTF-8" encoding - that is UTF-8 encoding without byte order mark (BOM).

contains PHP code; mainly the definition of variables and their values. Changing a setting usually means changing the value of a PHP variable. Your changes will take effect immediately after saving the file again on the server: There is no need to manually "restart" anything. Anyway, in some cases you may need to clear your browser's cache to actually see the changes you made.

The default values of many more settings are set in, which should not be edited; if the variable you want to change is not already mentioned in your  , copy the appropriate line from   and modify it appropriately in. Within  you can add new lines at the end.

Within the file, there can also be several lines such as ' ', which point to extensions. These lines enable the according extension in the wiki. Those extensions may require setting the values of more variables in ; check the documentation of the according extension for further instructions.

Like most PHP files in MediaWiki,  does not end with the closing PHP tag. This prevents admins from accidentally adding new information after this tag. PHP works fine without a closing tag.

If you have a wiki on a MediaWiki wiki farm you may not have write-access (perhaps not even read-access) to the file  (see e.g.). The wiki farm company may or may not be willing to make changes you desire. Perhaps it wants to keep most settings the same on all wikis of the wiki farm.

Sinopse das definições disponíveis
Consulte o índex das definições de configuração e o comentários incluídos nos ficheiros de definições para ajuda sobre o que fazem todas as variáveis. Está listado em baixo uma lista resumida das variáveis mais importantes, bem como as funcionalidades mais solicitadas.

Caminho de instalação
The  (install path) variable holds the local file path to the base installation of your wiki. Since MediaWiki 1.18, the system sets $IP automatically. Setting  manually in   is no longer needed. will default to the current working directory and can be used without the need to manually define it. Attempting to set  (or  ) in   may produce unexpected results.

The file gets loaded from the directory designated by the IP variable.

Nome do site
 holds the name of your wiki setup. This name gets included many times throughout the system, such as via MediaWiki:Pagetitle. For instance, the Wikipedia tagline "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia" makes use of this setting.

Declinações do nome do site
Some translations of interface are ready for inflection of site name. You can set proper forms of word in variables ' (for example please refer to the ' documentation page).

Idioma do site
 controls the language of your wiki's interface. While users can switch the language they see in their preferences, this variable sets the default language that all anonymous users and most registered users see.

Caminho do script
 is the URL path prefix to access the main MediaWiki script that is the central acting piece of code of MediaWiki. This setting should correspond to the Apache settings, especially if you are using Apache's rewrite rules.

Nome do servidor
 contains the base URL of the server, including protocol but without the trailing slash and without the subdirectory if any. When the wiki is accessed from either the localhost where it runs, from an intranet or from the internet, email notifications and a few other computed messages would be usually delivered with the different URLs.

From MediaWiki 1.34  must be set in LocalSettings.php. Prior to that, MediaWiki tried to autodetect the name of the server and  was optional, to override the autodetection.

If www.example.com is the server address of your wiki as seen from the internet, add a line such as

The magic word variable  can be used on wiki pages; it equals the value of  ; however, on a wiki, such as those in the WikiMedia family, where relative urls are used, it will not fully expand, for example here it displays, which can neither be clicked nor copy-pasted into the address bar as it is.

You can also use a protocol relative URL as shown below. When using a protocol relative URL, be sure to set. is needed for some places in the code where an origin with a protocol and hostname is needed.

Nome do script
 is the name of the main (index) MediaWiki PHP script, named  by default. Changing the script name is probably not a good idea. However, if you feel the urge to do so, this is the place to make your changes. Make sure you know what you are doing.

Caminho do artigo
 is the path to use when accessing a page in MediaWiki. The path should contain the path to the main script (usually making use of ) and use the   placeholder for the article name.

If you are using Apache rewrite rules to create pretty and short URLs, you probably need to adjust  to address the right path. Note that wgArticlePath is used to construct URLs from within MediaWiki. If you make a mistake here, internal links will show up incorrectly while you still may be able to access the main page by specifying the correct URL manually. See Manual:Short URL for more information on URL configuration.

Os valores típicos são:

Localização da folha de estilo
Use  to set the URL path to the place where the stylesheets (CSS) for the MediaWiki installation are located.  should point the same place, but note that this is a local file system path for use in internal scripts accessing the file system.

Localização dos envios
A diretoria de envios é o local onde são guardados os ficheiros enviados pelos utilizadores. $UploadPath especifica o caminho do URL, $UploadDirectory aponta para o caminho do sistema do ficheiro local.

Logótipo
 specifies which graphical logo is displayed in the top left corner of all mediawiki pages. These steps replace the default logo in the /wiki/skins/common/images/ directory, replacing /wiki with the path to the directory where you installed the MediaWiki software.

First, copy whatever logo you want into the /wiki/skins/common/images/ directory (replacing /wiki with the path to the directory where you installed the MediaWiki software).

Next, try to find the line that looks like this in :

If there's no such line, you can copy and paste the line above at the end of the file.

Then, modify that line to point to your logo. The logo must be web accessible. The value of this variable is passed to the web browser, which uses it to fetch the logo. If in doubt, a good way to pick what to put here is navigate to the logo in your web browser (for example, this wiki the url of the logo is http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mediawiki/b/bc/Wiki.png ), and put the full url as the value of this variable.

Some people just replace the skins/common/images/wiki.png file with their logo. This is not recommended, as the customized logo would be overwritten on upgrade.

MediaWiki 1.35 introduced , which allows multiple versions of the same logo. An example of using multiple logos is shown below.

Informação de contacto
 is the email address of the user to contact if something goes wrong. This email address is used to send internal bug reports to. As an administrator, you want to include your email address here.

 is the email address where email gets sent from, when passwords are sent out to users who have forgotten their passwords. Choose an address people can reply to in case of trouble or confusion.

Definições da base de dados
MediaWiki needs access to the database (currently either MySQL or PostgreSQL) to store pages, modifications, user information, and a lot more things.

 contains the hostname where the database is hosted on. In most cases this will be just "localhost" as the database is run on the same system, but for distributed installations, you need to fill in the fully qualified domain name of the computer running the database.

 is the database name of the database to be used by MediaWiki. A single MySQL or PostgreSQL installation can store more than one database and you can even run many MediaWiki installations on a single server. Make sure you have stated the correct database name here and use different database names for different wiki installations on the same database server.

' and ' contain the login name and password to be used by MediaWiki to access the database. Make sure the specified user has the proper access rights to be able to manipulate the wiki's table on the database server.

Also see for a method to move the sensitive parts of   to a different file in a different directory.

Permissões do utilizador
 is an associative array, controlling permissions for creating and editing pages for your different user groups. In this array, custom permission levels can be created, and permission levels for the different user groups can be set. See for more information about the different permissions and user groups available.

Forçar maiúsculas nas hiperligações
By default, no page name can start with a lowercase Roman letter: in an attempt to do so the first letter is converted to uppercase; if a link target, included page, image or category is specified with a name starting with a lowercase letter, the actual target etc. is the page starting with the corresponding capital.

Alternatively page names can start with a lowercase letter, in addition to the possibilities of starting with a capital, a digit, etc. For that you must adjust . Setting it to false allows lowercase characters, true chooses the default behavior.

Ativação de subpáginas
In, subpages are enabled on a per-namespace basis using . For example, to enable subpages in the main namespace:

Envios de imagem
Before users are allowed to upload files to the MediaWiki system, you have to enable that feature. Make sure the Upload Directory is properly configured and writeable by the Apache web server process. Then set  to true to allow uploading in the web user interface.

i.e. Here's some example code from includes/DefaultSettings.php to put in :

If you want to be able to resize images on the fly to support thumbnails, MediaWiki needs a working ImageMagick installation. Set  to true once you have installed and tested ImageMagick on your system. Make sure ' points to the proper location of the  command of your installation, that the command is executable by the web server process, and ' is large enough. See for detailed information and troubleshooting.

Also, you may want to modify the list of accepted extensions, which is stored within :

In case ImageMagick outputs an error message similar to the following:
 * Fatal error: mime_magic could not be initialized, magic file is not available in includes/MimeMagic.php on line 506

then try adding the following line to :

= "file -bi";

Suporte de interwiki
InterWiki support is built into MediaWiki but you need to configure the prefix to be used for your internal links. This prefix is usually the same as, but in case you need to change that, you set the variable to the preferred name.

Idioma da interface do utilizador
MediaWiki allows for a variety of localized user interfaces languages instead of the English default. If you want to run your wiki in a non-English language, set the variable to the proper language code (e.g. "de" for German, "es" for Spanish, etc.)

You may use any of the languages with a file in the directory. E.g. if you find, then you can use   for Spanish. Do not use  with a capital letter. Although it seems to work, not all texts are translated.

Not all languages are supported. See here for a list of the localisation statistics of. See translatewiki.net for the statistics per released version.

Configuração dos direitos de autor para o site

 *  is the page on the wiki that covers the copyrights that it falls under. Usually, this will be Project:Copyrights.
 *  is the page describing full details of your license. (For the GNU FDL, for example, this would be .)
 *  is the text in the footer that follows "Content is available under". It will be linked to the page specified in.
 *  is the URL of the image placed at the left of the footer.

To modify the copyright statements of the site, add something like this to :

Afterwards, edit MediaWiki:Copyright to provide an appropriate message, using  to indicate the position where the link to your copyright page will be.

Exemplo: definir uma licença da Creative Commons

To set a Creative Commons license do the following:


 * Choose your license: http://creativecommons.org/choose/
 * Examine the returned HTML code, e.g.:


 * For  enter the href info from the first anchor:
 * For  enter the text the second anchor links from (add the "a" to the Wiki variable for a more grammatically correct version)
 * For  enter the src info from the img link in the first anchor. You want to copy the badge to your own site instead of using the one from the Creative Commons site.
 * For using RDF metadata about copyright add one or both of the following lines to your :

Espaços nominais personalizados
By declaring ', and modifying ', and ', extra namespaces can be added to a MediaWiki installation; and by declaring the ' array namespace aliases can be added. Take heed not to have any pages already titled in that namespace, for instance if you had a page called "Technical:Support" and you created the Technical: namespace, then that page would not only be lost, but you cannot remove it from Special:Allpages. To fix this delete the namespace, move "Technical:Support" to "Support" in mainspace, delete the redirect, reinsert the namespace, and move it back to "Technical:Support". See for more information as to how to do so.

Temas
O tema predefinido do site pode se modificado via .

Consulte também

 * código fonte, que gera os conteúdos iniciais do ficheiro  durante a instalação.
 * Famílias de Wikis podem partilhar a mesma.
 * Manual:Securing database passwords - um guia para proteger as palavras-passe da sua base de dados e o ficheiro.
 * - a guide to securing your database passwords and  file.