Parsoid/Language conversion/Preprocessor fixups/20170501

Article counts from the 20170501 dump. The wikidata dump is still incomplete. All other wikis are done.

Note that false positives are possible. Fixes are only truly necessary when the broken construct is inside a template, wikilink  , or template argument.

As User:DePiep is doing, please put your name in the "notes" column when you start working through a section in order to avoid duplicating work. Thank you!

Legenda:
 * c: chemical-related articles
 * u: URLs
 * o: other/misc articles
 * n: non-articles (everything outside namespace 0)