Help:Extension:Kartographer/OSM/ru

Как использовать объекты с OpenStreetMap
Можно задать отображение объектов типа многоугольник ("полигон", англ. polygon) и линия (на OSM англ. way) (участков территории и объектов в виде линий), таких как страны, дороги либо парки с OpenStreetMap прямо на картах. Для этого объект на OSM должен быть участниками помечен идентификатором Викиданных Wikidata ID. Карты Википедии пока не поддерживают точки (points (узлы линий - nodes)).

 { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q995174", "properties": { "title": "Bryant Park", "description": "", "stroke": "#125123", "stroke-width": 3, "fill": "#2aaf4d" } }

К примеру, чтобы выделить Брайант-парк (англ. Bryant Park) в Нью-Йорке, нужно найти его числовой идентификатор с Викиданных. Легче всего это сделать, зайдя на страницу соответствующей статьи в вики, - например, в английской Википедии Bryant Park или в русской - Брайант-парк, и нажать на "" на панели инструментов слева. В некоторых редких случаях соответствующего элемента Викиданных (англ. Wikidata item) может не быть, и тогда нужно создать его (англ. Create new item) и добавить на его страницу на Викиданных ссылку на соответствующую статью Википедии о нем.

После такого добавления (а если его нет, см. ниже, как его сделать), вы сможете воспользоваться сервисом геолиний для отображения (незамкнутых) линий ("geoline" service for lines), сервисом геоконтуров для получения многоугольников ("geoshape" service for polygons) и сервисом геомаски ("geomask") для маскировочного затемнения на карте всего кроме нужного многоугольника.

Как добавлять идентификаторы с Викиданных (Wikidata ID) на OSM
Be careful not to click anything in the map. Scroll down to "Add field:" box, which is right above the "All tags (..)". Select the language and copy/paste the article name. This will automatically add the Wikidata tag as well (you can check them in the "all tags" section).
 * Перейдите на osm.org
 * При отсутствии там у вас учетной записи нажмите "Войти /login" (правый верхний угол), а затем щелкните по значку Википедии (Wikipedia) - это даст OSM возможность использовать ваш аккаунт из Википедии.
 * В поисковой строке найдите требуемый объект в левой панели и нажмите на него.
 * Когда объект отобразится яркой оранжевой линией, проверьте, присутствует ли там. тэг "wikipedia" и / или "wikidata". Если оба они есть, вам ничего не нужно делать.
 * Zoom in onto any part of the orange line all the way to the ground.
 * Click "edit" button at the top.
 * The left side of the screen should now show "Edit feature" box.
 * If there was no wikipedia and no wikidata tags, click "add field" box and select Wikipedia.
 * If there was a wikipedia tag, but no wikidata, you can either delete and re-add the wikipedia box, and simply add the "wikidata" tag by hand in the "all tags" section.
 * Click Save, and enter a good change description.
 * The data should become available for Wikipedia in about 1 day (we are still working on making this quicker)

How to get a single object from multiple lines
Often, a group of lines correspond to a single item – such as a road that is made up of multiple ways. Each "wikidata" tag should have a unique value, so therefore the individual lines need to be grouped into a single object. The following instructions assume you want to create (or find) a single object for a road, but should work (with minor variations) for other types of lines.

Terminology

 * node :
 * A node is a single point on the map


 * way :
 * A way is a line that connects two or more nodes


 * relation :
 * A relation is a group of ways which make up a route

Process overview

 * In OSM, find or create a relation that covers the entire road
 * Add a Wikidata item ID (Q-number) to using the  tag (if not already present)
 * Wait 1 or 2 days for the database to be processed

Process details
Find a way which is part of the road you want, and click it. The pane will then load details for the selected way, and it will be highlighted on the map. If there are any relations listed there, click on them to check if they cover the whole road. If you find one you want, good; otherwise you will need to create one (see 'Create a new relation' below) Be careful not to click anything in the map. The left side of the screen should now show "Edit feature" box. Scroll down to "Add field:" box, which is right above the "All tags (..)". Select the language and copy/paste the article name. This will automatically add the Wikidata tag as well (you can check them in the "all tags" section). The data should be available to Wikipedia in about 1 day.
 * 1) Go to osm.org
 * 1) Move the map so you can see the road you want, and enter the road name into search box
 * 1) Results (ways) will come up in a pane of the left of the screen.
 * 1) Scroll down the pane to the bottom, and look at the section "Part of".
 * 1) Click "edit" button at the top.
 * 1) *If there was no wikipedia and no wikidata tags, click "add field" box and select Wikipedia.
 * 1) *If there was a wikipedia tag, but no wikidata, you can either delete and re-add the wikipedia box, and simply add the "wikidata" tag by hand in the "all tags" section.
 * 1) Click Save, and enter a good change description.
 * 1) Add the relation id to the Wikidata item using

Create a new relation
If there is no exisitng relation for the road you want, you'll have to create a new one. There are multiple ways do this: Potlatch 2 editor is good for shorter roads, JOSM editor is better for longer roads.

Using Potlatch
It will show up highlighted on the map. Continue to CTRL+click additional ways until the whole road is highlighted. Below this table, click on "Add to". A window titled "Select relation" will pop-up, down the bottom of this window click the "New relation..." button. A blank table of Keys and Values is shown – add the following keys/values to the table (click "Add" just under the table) You can go back to https://www.openstreetmap.org and repeat Step 1 to verify the new relation you just created.
 * 1) Zoom in to the area around the road, then click the dropdown arrow next to "Edit", select "Edit with Potlatch 2"
 * 1) Once Potlatch has loaded data onto the screen, use CTRL+click to select the first way (road segment).
 * 1) In the pane on the left, there is a table down the bottom listing any existing relations for the ways that have been selected.
 * 1) At the bottom of the window, click advanced.
 * :  name of the road 
 * : Q-number (the wikidata ID)
 * : Q-number (the wikidata ID)
 * : Q-number (the wikidata ID)
 * 1) Close the "Edit relation" pop-up window, and save the edit.

Using JOSM
Use the method described in 'Process details' above to find any overlapping ways, and note their object id (the number in brackets, also in the url following  once clicked on) Be aware that the bounding boxes can't be too large, or the OSM server will not allow the download. Repeat if necessary. Now you need to select all the ways that make up the road. There are two ways to do this: This can be repeated as many times as necessary, if multiple names are used along the route, or non-road items are selected (e.g. buildings along the road) – for the first search select "Replace selection", for subsequent searches, select "Add to selection" or "Remove from selection". Click Start search. Multiple items can be added or removed by holding down the click, and drawing a box that completely contains the items. Look through this list for items to remove with another search. Also look at the route on the main part of the screen for any missed ways to add with another search. Enter the road name in the name field, click New relation. A more detailed window will pop up. In the Key/Value table, click into the blank space in the Key column, type "wikidata" (lowercase). In the Value field to the right, type the Wikidata ID (Q-number) for the road. Click Okay button. A warning box may pop up - per the instructions there, "When in doubt ignore them" (or if you know what you are doing, you can fix them); click Continue upload Enter a meaning comment for the changes, for the data source you can specify "OSM data", then click Upload changes. Minor changes can be made using Potlatch if required.
 * 1) Make sure your account has an OSM password associated with it: login with Wikipedia account, then go to your profile (click your name box in the top-right corner of screen), go to Settings, fill in Password and Confirm password fields, scroll down and click Save changes.
 * 1) Download or launch JOSM from https://josm.openstreetmap.de/
 * Now, in JOSM, you need to download the ways that make up the road you want. There are two ways to do this (and you can also use a combination of both methods):
 * 1) *Download existing relations which overlap with the road you want (e.g. Relation: 94 (317411) overlaps with most of Great Eastern Highway.
 * Go to File -> Download object... -> enter object id (or ids), click Download objects
 * 1) *Download areas containing the road.
 * Go to File -> Download from OSM... -> select area with mouse, click Download.
 * 1) Once downloaded, you should see lines representing all the ways along the route (as well as other data if you downloaded areas).
 * 1) *Search for items to add to or remove from the selection
 * Go to Edit -> Search... -> Enter the name of the road in the search box.
 * SHIFT+click on items to add them to the selection, or CTRL+click on items to remove them from the selection.
 * 1) The selected items will be highlighted on the screen, and will be listed in a box on the right.
 * 1) Once you're happy with the selection, go to Presets -> Relations -> Routes -> Road route.
 * 1) Now upload the data to OSM:
 * 1) *Go to File -> Upload data.
 * 1) *In the next window, check that you're not accidentally deleting things, changing things, or adding anything other than the new relation you just made.
 * 1) *Login with your username and OSM password when requested.
 * 1) Verify that the new relation has been uploaded (follow the steps in 'Process details' above and the new relation should come up).