Phabricator/Code/zh

本文档描述了维基媒体的Phabricator实例的开发过程. Phabricator是用PHP,编写的，就像MediaWiki一样，它应该有助于入手开发. 在本文档中，我们将首先了解维基媒体如何使用Phabricator，以及在开发过程中会发生什么. 之后，有一些关于如何开始实际开发的注意事项.

维基媒体上的Phabricator
Wikimedia uses a Phabricator instance with minimal changes from upstream. The reason for this is the high development pace of the upstream developers – maintaining local patches is cumbersome. The exceptions to this are extensions, which live in a separate directory and thus do not need regular merges. Any other changes thus have to pass through upstream. This sounds like a major obstacle, but in practice, the upstream maintainers are very prompt in responding to suggestions.

维基媒体Phabricator bug工作流程
在完成其中一项任务之前，了解错误的生命周期很有帮助. 这里有两个项目： #phabricator for WMF-specific bugs and #phabricator-upstream for general Phabricator bugs. Software bugs and enhancement requests will typically fall in this second category.

The Phabricator-upstream workboard shows the process that tasks go through before being created upstream:

Once a task has been upstreamed, upstream developers respond with their assessment, and suggestions for how the feature should be implemented. At this point a developer can start with the implementation.
 * Backlog: this is where new tasks land by default. Stalled tasks can also be found here.
 * Need discussion: sometimes a task will benefit from a discussion, making sure that more Wikimedia contributors are on the same page and the report or the proposal are well argumented.
 * Ready to go: tasks in this column are waiting for someone to copy them to the upstream bug tracker.
 * Upstreamed: this column is where tasks are moved as soon as they have been reported upstream.
 * Wikimedia requests: a few requests reported upstream are made in the name of Wikimedia and get marked with the #wikimedia tag, because we consider that they have a higher relevance.

In some cases, the upstream developers will decide a feature does not fit into their plans. In this case, the task in Wikimedia Phabricator is moved from the #phabricator-upstream project to the #phabricator project, and ends up back into the discussion stage: is this feature important enough to maintain local patches? Once this has been decided, the patch will move to 'Ready to go', and one can start with the implementation.

To prevent disappointment, please do not start with the implementation until it's clear either upstream or the WMF maintainers will accept your patch.

How fast a task is reported upstream may depend of how uncontroversial is (going through the Need Discussion column) and how high is its priority, but it ultimately depends on who takes the time to report it upstream.

This is an opt-in process aimed to check the appropriateness and relevance of a task before being created upstream. Anyone with permissions in upstream can create tasks upstream bypassing this process, however, before submitting an upstream task, please read Introduction to contributing to Phabricator, Arcanist and libphutil.

Anyone can discuss upstream bugs and features in https://discourse.phabricator-community.org/ - see https://discourse.phabricator-community.org/t/guide-reporting-a-bug/938 and https://secure.phabricator.com/book/phabcontrib/article/feature_requests/ for more information.

本地更改
As mentioned in the previous section, we try to keep local patches to a minimum. There are limited resources available to maintain patches, and to merge them with changes from upstream. Any local patches therefore have to be discussed within the #phabricator project. It's significantly less work to maintain a phabricator extension, as long as care is taken in avoiding the use of particularly new / unstable APIs from phabricator's core. Although extensions don't require merging and potential code conflicts, they do require testing each time we pull in upstream changes. Phabricator is a very fast moving project and they don't have any frozen APIs which are deemed safe to depend on. At this time we have virtually no modifications to the phabricator core, with the exception of changing the favicon.ico to use Wikimedia colors.

The current code of the Wikimedia Phabricator instance itself:
 * https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/phabricator/phabricator
 * https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/phabricator/arcanist
 * https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/phabricator/libphutil

The current locally-maintained extensions are:
 * Several customizations in one code repository, such as the MediaWiki OAuth extension (not upstreamed; see the Differential revisions and commits at https://secure.phabricator.com/T5096), Security related code, the MediaWiki Userpage field on Phabricator user pages, etc.
 * 冲刺扩展

There is also a set of custom scripts to generate Phabricator-derived visual reports. They are not part of the Wikimedia Phabricator production codebase. 请参阅Phlogiston了解更多信息.

站点配置
Most of the configuration is set through the web interface. Defaults (shared between https://phabricator.wikimedia.org and e.g. https://phab.wmflabs.org) are set using the puppet maniphest.

配置
The easiest way to get set up is by using MediaWiki-Vagrant using the 'phabricator' role. Follow the steps on MediaWiki-Vagrant to install MediaWiki-Vagrant, then enable the phabricator role using


 * The Phabricator install is located in `/srv/phabricator/` (?) on the VM. To edit and submit a patch:

Congratulations, you have submitted your first patch!

Using a Labs VM
If you know how to spin up a VM on Labs, and have the rights to do so, you can create an instance with the `phabricator::labs` role. This should give you a basic setup with the same configuration as https://phab.wmflabs.org.

Migration code from Bugzilla, RT, Mingle, Trello to Phabricator
The scripts that Wikimedia used for migrating its Bugzilla and RT data to Phabricator are available. Note that the migration code is not bug-free and that it was only written and used for the specific configurations of Wikimedia's tools. Also note other migration scripts, e.g. the GStreamer project used a phill script by Emanuele Aina to import their data from Bugzilla into Phabricator in 2015.

Data was migrated from Mingle to Phabricator via a script available in P129.

The scripts to migrate data from Trello to Phabricator are available. See T821 for more information.