Help:Tables/es


 * For MediaWiki's database table structure, see: Manual:Database layout

Tables may be created in wiki pages. Como regla general, es mejor evitar el uso de una tabla a menos que realmente la necesites, pues la inclusión de tablas complica la edición de la página. Las tablas se pueden crear en páginas wiki usando directamente ciertos elementos de tablas XHTML, o bien usando formato de código wiki para definir la tabla. Los elementos de tabla XHTML están bien descritos en varios sitios web y no se discutirán aquí. La ventaja de usar el código wiki es que la tabla se construye mediante caracteres que tienden a hacer más fácil la pecepción de la estructura de la tabla en la vista de edición del artículo, en comparación con los elementos de tabla XHTML.

Sumario de formato de tablas en código wiki

 * The above marks must start on a new line except the double  and   for optionally adding consecutive cells to a line. However, blank spaces at the beginning of a line are ignored.
 * XHTML attributes. Each mark, except table end, optionally accepts one or more XHTML attributes. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark. Separate attributes from each other with a single space.
 * Cells and caption ( or ,   or  , and  ) hold content. So separate any attributes from content with a single pipe . Cell content may follow on same line or on following lines.
 * Table and row marks ( and  ) do not directly hold content. Do not add pipe  after their optional attributes. If you erroneously add a pipe after attributes for the table mark or row mark the parser will delete it and your final attribute if it was touching the erroneous pipe!
 * Content may (a) follow its cell mark on the same line after any optional XHTML attributes or (b) on lines below the cell mark. Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as lists, headings, or nested tables, must be on its own new line.
 * Pipe character as content. To insert a pipe character into a table, use the &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt; escaping markup.

Básicos
La siguiente tabla carece de bordes y de un buen espaciado, pero muestra la estructura de tabla en el formato wiki más simple.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|You type ! style="width: 50%;"|You get
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Las celdas de la misma fila pueden listarse en una línea separándolas con. If the text in the cell should contain a line break, use  instead.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|You type ! style="width: 50%;"|You get
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Extra spaces within cells in the wiki markup, as in the wiki markup below, do not affect the actual table rendering.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|You type ! style="width: 50%;"|You get
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

You can have longer text or more complex wiki syntax inside table cells, too:

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|You type ! style="width: 50%;"|You get
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Table headers
Table headers can be created by using " " (exclamation mark) instead of " " (pipe symbol). Headers usually show up bold and centered by default.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Note: When using attributes as in the heading 'Item' a vertical bar '|' is used for separation. Not an exclamation character '!'.

Caption
A table caption can be added to the top of any table as follows.

class="wikitable"
Basic styling (light gray background, borders, padding and align left) can be achieved by adding class="wikitable".

HTML colspan and rowspan
You can use HTML colspan and rowspan attributes on cells for advanced layout.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|You type ! style="width: 50%;"|You get
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Atributos XHTML
Puedes añadir atributos XHTML a las tablas. Consulta la información en la página de especificación de tablas de HTML 4.01 de W3C.

Atributos en las tablas
Placing attributes after the table start tag applies attributes to the entire table.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"| Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"| Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Atributos en celdas
Puedes poner atributos en celdas individuales. Por ejemplo, los números suelen leerse mejor si se alinean a la derecha.

Puedes tambien usar atributos de celda cuando estás poniendo varias celdas en una sola línea. Obsérvese que las celdas se separan con  y dentro de cada celda los atributos y valores se separan con.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"| Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"| Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Atributos en filas
Puedes poner atributos en filas individuales.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Simple one-pixel table border
An example of a one-pixel table border:

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width:50%" | Escribes ! style="width:50%" | Obtienes 
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 20px;"|


 * }

Border width
If "border-width:" has only one number, it is for all four border sides: {| style="width:100%" ! style="width:50%" | Escribes ! style="width:50%" | Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 20px;"|


 * }

If "border-width:" has more than one number, the four numbers are for top, right, bottom, left (REMEMBER this order):

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width:50%" | Escribes ! style="width:50%" | Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 20px;"|


 * }


 * When there are fewer than 4 values, the value for left takes its default from the value for right, the value for bottom takes its default from the value for top, and the value for right takes its default from the value for top.

Another method to define the widths of the four sides of a cell is to use "border-left", "border-right", "border-top" and "border-bottom": {| style="width:100%" ! style="width:50%" | Escribes ! style="width:50%" | Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 5px;" |
 * style="padding: 20px;"|


 * }

Notes : The CSS style properties (which override the HTML attributes) require an explicit length unit (if the value is not 0) such as "px" for the pixel.
 * The HTML attributes (such as "width=", "border=", "cellspacing=", "cellpadding=") do not need any length unit (the pixel unit is assumed).

Con atributos HTML y estilos CSS
Es posible añadir atributos de estilo CSS, con o sin otros atributos HTML.

Attributes
Se pueden añadir atributos a los encabezados y a los subtítulos como se indica a continuación.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Column width
Column width can be added as follows.

Escribes

Obtienes

Accessibility of table header cells
Table header cells do not explicitly specify which table data cells they apply to (those on their right on the same row, or those below them on the same column). When the table is rendered in a visual 2D environment, this is usually easy to infer.

However when tables are rendered on non-visual media, you can help the browser to determine which table header cell applies to the description of any selected cell (in order to repeat its content in some accessibility helper) using a scope="row" or scope="col" attribute on table header cells. In most cases with simple tables, you'll use scope="col" on all header cells of the first row, and scope="row" on the first cell of the following rows:

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Table alignment
Table alignment is achieved by using CSS. The table alignment is controlled by margins. A fixed margin on one side will make the table to be aligned to that side, if on the opposite side the margin is defined as auto. To have a table center aligned, you should set both margins to auto

For example, a right-aligned table:

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

And a center-aligned table:

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Table floating around text
If you align a table to the right or the left side of the page, the text that comes after the table starts at the end of it, leaving an empty space around the table. You can make the text to be wrapped around the table by making the table to float around the text instead of just aligning it. This can be achieved using the  CSS attribute, which can specify where the table floats to the right side or to the left. When using float, margins doesn't control table alignment and can be used to specify the margin between the table and the surrounding text.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|Obtienes
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi.
 * style="padding: 5px;"|

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi.
 * }

Cell contents alignment
The alignment of cell contents can be controlled with 2 different CSS properties:  and. can be specified at the table, row or individual cells, while  only can be specified at individual rows or cells.

{| style="width:100%" ! style="width: 50%;"|Escribes ! style="width: 50%;"|You get
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|
 * style="padding: 5px;"|


 * }

Números negativos
Si comienzas una celda en una nueva línea con un número negativo con un signo menos (o un parámetro que lo muestre como número negativo) la tabla puede alterarse, porque los caracteres  se interpretarán como formato wiki para la fila de la tabla, no la celda. Para evitar esto, inserta un espacio antes del signo o utiliza una celda en la misma línea.

CSS frente a atributos
Es posible que algunos navegadores de texto muestren los bordes de la tabla de forma incorrecta si se especificaron mediante CSS al mismo tiempo que con un atributo del borde.

Common attributes for columns, column groups and row groups
The MediaWiki syntax for tables currently offers no support for specifying common attributes for columns (with the HTML element ), column groups (HTML element  ) and row groups (HTML elements ,  ). Those standard HTML elements are not accepted even in their HTML or XHTML syntax.

All the rows and cells (header or data) of the table are rendered within a single implicit row group (HTML element ) without any attributes or styles.