Extension:AbuseFilter/ja

AbuseFilter（不正利用フィルター）拡張機能は利用者が編集等の特定の種類の行動をとった場合、自動的に既定の挙動をするもので、権限を持つ利用者が設定・調整します.

たとえば匿名利用者が外部リンクを追加できなくしたり、2,000キャラクター以上削除した利用者をブロックするなどのフィルターを作成できます.

利用者権限
拡張機能をインストールしたら、"LocalSettings.php" で利用者権限をセットアップしてください.

例えば、以下の設定例では、管理者には不正利用フィルターの全操作を、一般利用者には公開しているフィルターに限り設定、ログの閲覧を許可しています.

パラメーター

 * Emergency throttling

AbuseFilter comes with a feature that automatically throttles (disable) filters that have been edited recently and match a certain theresold of the latest actions.

This is done to prevent harmful edits on the filters to block every user that performs an action on the wiki or similar.

The condition to disable the filter depend on those variables:
 * - Percent of matches over the total amount of actions in the observed period.
 * - Count of matches of the filter in the observed period.
 * - Age of the filter to take it into account. If the last edit of the filter is older than this number of seconds, the filter won't be throttled, unless it's already throttled.
 * - Maximum number of recent actions to count against the threshold. Note that each action increments a counter, and once this counter reaches this configured value, this counter and the number of recent actions that matches all filters are reset to 0.

Throttled filters can be identified in the list of filters (Special:AbuseFilter) with the state,. Throttling happens silently, and there's no way to see when a filter got throttled.

When a filter gets throttled, it doesn't perform any dangerous action (the ones specified in ), and only "safe" actions are allowed. Throttled filters don't get enabled automatically. To disable the throttling, you need to edit the filter. Note that you need to actually change something from the filter: changing somethin from the filter's notes is sufficient.

Note that editing the filter updates its age, and can cause it to be disabled if it reaches again the conditions to be throttled in a short period since the last edit, leading to a unusable filter if your wiki has more abuse edits than legitimate ones. Filters can also get randomly throttled if the action count reaches, causing all filter matches count to reset to 0, and then someone repeatedly makes a filter to hit.

フィルターの作成と管理
拡張機能がインストールされた後は、Special:AbuseFilterから不正利用フィルター管理ページに飛び、フィルターを作成、テスト、変更、削除できます.


 * フィルターの記述法 - フィルタの記述法の基本
 * アクション
 * グローバルなルール
 * 制限条件の適用を最大化するには
 * 拡張機能をインストール後、対象のフィルターを読み込むにはウィキペディアのフィルター管理ページを開いて読み込む対象のフィルターを選択 (例) して「ツール」欄の「このフィルターを別のウィキにエクスポートする」をクリック. 表示された文字列をコピーし、フィルターを利用するウィキの「Special:AbuseFilter/import」を開き、ペーストします.

API
不正利用フィルターは2つのAPIリストモジュールを作成します. 一つは不正利用フィルター ("abusefilters") 、もう一つは不正利用ログの詳細情報です. これらは他の MediaWiki のログ ("abuselog") からは分離されているので、 API を使用しての不正利用フィルターの作成や修正はできません.

list = abusefilters
以下にフィルターについての情報を提示しています.


 * パラメーター:
 * - 列挙を開始するフィルター ID
 * - 列挙を停止するフィルター ID
 * - 列挙する方向 (古い順、新しい順)
 * - これらの基準を満たすフィルターのみ表示 (enabled|!enabled|deleted|!deleted|private|!private)
 * - 列挙するフィルター数の上限
 * - 取得するプロパティ (id|description|pattern|actions|hits|comments|lasteditor|lastedittime|status|private)

フィルターの提供時に  で指定したプロパティの一部は適切な利用者権限がない限り検出されません.


 * 例:

list = abuselog
不正利用フィルターで作動するインスタンスの一覧.


 * パラメーター:
 * - 列挙を開始するタイムスタンプ
 * - 列挙を停止するタイムスタンプ
 * - 列挙する方向 (古い順、新しい順)
 * - 特定の利用者または IP アドレスが試行したエントリーに限定.
 * - 操作が特定のページに関するエントリーのみ表示.
 * - 特定のフィルター ID を起動したエントリーのみ表示
 * - 列挙するエントリー数の最大値
 * - 取得するプロパティ (ids|user|title|action|result|timestamp|details)


 * 例:

起こりうるエラー

 * Some users might experience that creating new filters or modifying old filters fail and the user just gets redirected to the original page. If the Wiki is using SSL certificates, this error could possibly be because of the value, which might be using "http://" instead of "https://". An indication of this error will be, the browser giving https warning for Special:AbuseFilter pages. (Topic:T23dyyih0ofjada5)

Integration with other extensions
You can integrate AbuseFilter with other extension in various ways.

Adding variables for filtering
It is possible to add new variables, to be used in abuse filters. A list of examples is available. To do that, you should:


 * Add a handler for the AbuseFilter-builder hook. To add a variable, you should use, where   is the name of the variable, and   is the fragment of an i18n key. The full key will be.
 * Add the i18n messages you chose at the previous point.
 * Choose a hook handler where the variable will be computed. Depending on your use case, you could:
 * Implement the AbuseFilter-generateTitleVars hook; this is specifically thought for page-related variables;
 * Implement the AbuseFilter-generateUserVars hook; this is specifically thought for user-related variables;
 * Implement the AbuseFilter-generateStaticVars hook; this is specifically thought for "static" variables, i.e. variables whose value shouldn't depend on the context. This is rarely useful;
 * Implement the AbuseFilterAlterVariables hook; this is a bit more flexible than the other hooks, but it has a downside: your variable will not be available when examining past RecentChanges entries. If you want to implement that feature (and it's recommended to do so), you should use one of the hooks listed above, and use its third parameter.
 * Inside the hook handler, there are two ways to add a variable:
 * The "direct" way is calling . This is ideal only when the value is easy and quick to compute: the value is computed even if no active filter will use it.
 * The "lazy" way is calling . Here, 'method_name' is a (unique) identifier that will be used to compute the variable (it's recommended to prefix it with the name of your extension). To register the method, you should add a handler for the AbuseFilter-computeVariable hook; therein, you should check if the $method passed matches your 'method_name', and if so, compute the variable. Lastly, $params is an array of parameters that you'll need to compute the variable; these are passed to the computeVariable hook handler. For an example of this, you can check out CentralAuth's.

Adding rule groups
You can also add extra rule groups, which can be used to group existing abuse filters. Note that, at the moment, each filter can only be in a single group (T116642). Currently, the only known consumer of this feature is Flow. To do that, you should:
 * Append the name of the group to
 * Add some code to run the filters with your group. Note that AbuseFilter won't do that on its own. To do that, you should construct an  object, passing in the name of your group.

関連項目

 * この拡張機能が有効な WMF のウィキ (設定を含む)