Extension:SyntaxHighlight/de

Die SyntaxHighlight-Erweiterung, früher bekannt als SyntaxHighlight_GeSHi, stellt reiche Formatierung von Quellcode bei der Verwendung des Tags  bereit. Sie wird von der Library Pygments angetrieben und unterstützt Hunderte von Programmiersprachen und Dateiformaten.

Genau wie die Tags  und   wird der Text genau so dargestellt, wie er getippt wurde und bewahrt so jegliche Leerzeichen.

Verwendung
Einmal installiert, kann man den "syntaxhighlight"-Tag auf Wikiseiten verwenden. Zum Beispiel

ist das Ergebnis des folgenden Wikitext-Markups:

In älteren Versionen (vor MediaWiki 1.16) benutzte die Erweiterung den Tag. Dieser wird noch immer unterstützt, jedoch hilft  Konflikte zu vermeiden, wenn der Quellcode selbst   Tags enthält (z.B. XML).

Gestaltung
Wenn der angezeigte Code zu groß ist, kann dieser angepasst werden, indem folgendes in die MediaWiki:Common.css Seite in Ihrem Wiki getan wird (wenn diese nicht existiert, muss sie erzeugt werden):

Um Codeblocks in Kanten einzuschließen, muss eine Zeile wie  in die Sektion oben eingefügt werden. Kontrolle über die verwendete Schriftartfamilie kann durch Einfügen einer Zeile wie  in die obere Sektion ausgeübt werden.

Kategorie für Syntaxhervorhebungsfehler

Die Erweiterung fügt Seiten, die ein fehlerhaftes -Attribut in einem  - oder  -Tag haben zu einer tracking category hinzu. The message key MediaWiki:syntaxhighlight-error-category determines the category name; on this wiki it is Category:.

The most common error that leads to pages being tagged with this category is a  or   tag with no   attribute at all, because older versions of this extension supported the definition of "$wgSyntaxHighlightDefaultLang". These can typically either be replaced with, or   or   can be added to the tag.

The category may also be added, and the content will not be highlighted, if there are more than 1000 lines or more than 100 kB text.

lang
The  attribute defines what lexer should be used. The language affects how the extension highlights the source code. See the section Supported languages for details of supported languages.

Specifying an invalid or unknown name will tag the page with a tracking category. See the section Syntax highlighting error category in this page for details.

line
The  attribute enables line numbers.

start
The  attribute (in combination with  ) defines the first line number of the code block. For example,  will make line numbering start at 55.

highlight
The  attribute specifies one or more lines that should be marked (by highlighting those lines with a different background color). You can specify multiple line numbers separated by commas (for example, ) or ranges using two line numbers and a hyphen (for example,  ). Note that the line number specification ignores any renumbering of the displayed line numbers with the  attribute.

is the result of

inline
The attribute indicates that the source code should be inline as part of a paragraph (as opposed to being its own block). This option is available starting with MediaWiki 1.26. For backwards-compatibility, an  attribute results in the same behavior.

Note that line breaks can occur at any space between the opening and closing tags unless the source code is marked non-breakable with  (on those wikis that support it; see below) or.

For example:

The following  is a lambda expression in Python.

Is the result of:

The following  is a lambda expression in Python.

class
When  is used,   (on those wikis that support it; not on MediaWiki itself) specifies that line breaks should not occur at spaces within the code block.

For example:

Without :

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx With : xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

style
The  attribute allows CSS attributes to be included directly. This is equivalent to enclosing the block in a  (not  ) tag. The  attribute cannot be specified this way; it requires an enclosing   tag as described below under Advanced.

For example:

Is the result of:

Supported languages
The Pygments library provides support for hundreds of computer languages and file formats. As of January 2020 the full list is:

Programming languages
ActionScript

Ada

Agda (incl. literate)

Alloy

AMPL

ANTLR

APL

AppleScript

Assembly (various)

Asymptote

Augeas

AutoIt

Awk

BBC Basic

Befunge

BlitzBasic

Boa

Boo

Boogie

BrainFuck

C, C++ (incl. dialects like Arduino)

C#

Chapel

Charm++ CI

Cirru

Clay

Clean

Clojure

CoffeeScript

ColdFusion

Common Lisp

Component Pascal

Coq

Croc (MiniD)

Cryptol (incl. Literate Cryptol)

Crystal

Cypher

Cython

D

Dart

DCPU-16

Delphi

Dylan (incl. console)

Eiffel

Elm

Emacs Lisp

Email

Erlang (incl. shell sessions)

Ezhil

Factor

Fancy

Fantom

Fennel

FloScript

Fortran

FreeFEM++

F#

GAP

Gherkin (Cucumber)

GLSL shaders

Golo

Gosu

Groovy

Haskell (incl. Literate Haskell)

HLSL

HSpec

Hy

IDL

Idris (incl. Literate Idris)

Igor Pro

Io

Jags

Java

JavaScript

Jasmin

Jcl

Julia

Kotlin

Lasso (incl. templating)

Limbo

LiveScript

Logtalk

Logos

Lua

Mathematica

Matlab

Modelica

Modula-2

Monkey

Monte

MoonScript

Mosel

MuPad

NASM

Nemerle

NesC

NewLISP

Nimrod

Nit

Notmuch

NuSMV

Objective-C

Objective-J

Octave

OCaml

Opa

OpenCOBOL

ParaSail

Pawn

PHP

Perl 5

Pike

Pony

PovRay

PostScript

PowerShell

Praat

Prolog

Python (incl. console sessions and tracebacks)

QBasic

Racket

Raku a.k.a. Perl 6

REBOL

Red

Redcode

Rexx

Ride

Ruby (incl. irb sessions)

Rust

S, S-Plus, R

Scala

Scdoc

Scheme

Scilab

SGF

Shell scripts (Bash, Tcsh, Fish)

Shen

Silver

Slash

Slurm

Smalltalk

SNOBOL

Snowball

Solidity

SourcePawn

Stan

Standard ML

Stata

Swift

Swig

SuperCollider

Tcl

Tera Term language

TypeScript

TypoScript

USD

Unicon

Urbiscript

Vala

VBScript

Verilog, SystemVerilog

VHDL

Visual Basic.NET

Visual FoxPro

Whiley

Xtend

XQuery

Zeek

Zephir

Zig

Template languages
Angular templates

Cheetah templates

ColdFusion

Django / Jinja templates

ERB (Ruby templating)

Evoque

Genshi (the Trac template language)

Handlebars

JSP (Java Server Pages)

Liquid

Myghty (the HTML::Mason based framework)

Mako (the Myghty successor)

Slim

Smarty templates (PHP templating)

Tea

Twig

Other markup
Apache config files

Apache Pig

BBCode

CapDL

Cap'n Proto

CMake

Csound scores

CSS

Debian control files

Diff files

Dockerfiles

DTD

EBNF

E-mail headers

Extempore

Flatline

Gettext catalogs

Gnuplot script

Groff markup

Hexdumps

HTML

HTTP sessions

IDL

Inform

INI-style config files

IRC logs (irssi style)

Isabelle

JSGF notation

JSON, JSON-LD

Lean theorem prover

Lighttpd config files

Linux kernel log (dmesg)

LLVM assembly

LSL scripts

Makefiles

MoinMoin/Trac Wiki markup

MQL

MySQL

NCAR command language

Nginx config files

Nix language

NSIS scripts

Notmuch

POV-Ray scenes

Puppet

QML

Ragel

Redcode

ReST

Roboconf

Robot Framework

RPM spec files

Rql

RSL

Scdoc

SPARQL

SQL, also MySQL, SQLite

Squid configuration

TADS 3

Terraform

TeX

Thrift

TOML

Treetop grammars

USD (Universal Scene Description)

Varnish configs

VGL

Vim Script

WDiff

Windows batch files

XML

XSLT

YAML

Windows Registry files

For accurate language codes, see complete details in the Pygments document and there are some mappings for some language names which were supported by GeSHi (full list).

Below is a partial list of languages that GeSHi could highlight, with strike-through for languages no longer supported after the switch to Pygments.

Configuration

 * Linux:


 * (optional): Absolute path to pygmentize of the Pygments package. The extension bundles the Pygments package and  points to the bundled version by default, but you can point to a different version, if you want to. For example:.
 * : Configure the default lexer for some wiki pages. By default this will highlight javascript and css pages. Additional content models can be configured by extensions (e.g. Lua, JSON, ..). Example:


 * Windows:


 * If you are hosting your MediaWiki on a Windows machine, you have to set the path for the Pygmentize.exe
 * If there is no  run   from command line inside the   folder to generate the file.

If you are using the bundled pygmentize binary (extensions/SyntaxHighlight_GeSHi/pygments/pygmentize), make sure your webserver is permitted to execute it. If your host does not allow you to add executables to your web directory, install python-pygments and add  to LocalSettings.php.


 * Troubleshooting:

After updating to MediaWiki v1.26 and above, some users started reporting problems with the extension. There could be cases, when some languages, such as Lua might not get highlighted and by turning on debugging, MediaWiki would throw out the error,.


 * Try pointing  in LocalSettings.php towards an external pygmentize binary.
 * In shared hosting environments with cPanel, this can be done by setting up a new Python application through the "Setup Python App" menu, and activating the virtual environment for the app through SSH . After this, the Pygments module can be added to the Python app, for which navigate to the virtual environment path, download and install Pygments and then activate the module by adding "Pygments" under the "Existing applications" section of the "Setup Python App" menu. This will create the required file at path:


 * See the phabricator task on this for further suggestions and information.

VisualEditor integration
The plugin enables direct editing with VisualEditor. A popup is opened when a user wants to edit  or   sections. For this to work, VisualEditor must be installed and configured from the latest git version, same for Parsoid. The feature randomly does not work with older Parsoid versions. See Extension:SyntaxHighlight/VisualEditor for details

Advanced
Unlike the  and   tags, HTML character entities such as   need not (and should not) have the   character escaped as. Like the  tag but unlike the   tag, tags within the range (other than its own closing tag) need not have the   symbol escaped as , nor does wikitext need to be escaped with a   tag.

Furthermore, while  assumes tab stops every 8 characters and renders tabs using actual spaces when the rendered text is copied,   uses 4-space tab stops (except Internet Explorer, which uses 8) and preserves the tab characters in the rendered text; the latter may be changed using an enclosing   tag (not , and not using its own   attribute). The  prefix is required for Firefox (from version 4.0), and the   prefix is required for Opera (from version 10.60 to version 15). (Note that the wiki editing box assumes 8-space tabs.) This applies only to actual saved pages; previews generated through an edit box or Special:ExpandTemplates may differ.