Manual:Installation requirements/zh

一个标准安装的 MediaWiki 除软件自身以外，还需要安装下列环境：


 * Web 服务器. 用于服务客户端浏览器的请求.
 * PHP 运行环境.
 * 数据库服务器. 用于储存网站页面与数据.

除上述必需的环境以外，还有若干 可选依赖，如果你需要使用一些高级功能则需要安装这些依赖（见下方）.

如果你的网站是托管的（你不直接控制它）那么联系你的系统管理员或者服务提供商，确保这些软件被安装并处于可用状态.

= == Simple one-download installation == =

使用来自http://www.apachefriends.org的XAMPP来安装并配置好所有重要的安装包– 带有仅一个下载的Apache Web 服务器，PHP 运行环境和 MariaDB –数据库. 这可用于 Linux、Windows、macOS 和 Solaris. 截至2016年8月，最新的 XAMPP 包含了PHP 7.0. 要运行 MediaWiki 至少需要 PHP 版本在 以上.

如果你使用 macOS，你可以使用 MAMP，它与 XAMPP 是类似的软件. MAMP完全有能力运行Apache Web Server和一个MySQL数据库. 它可以同时在Windows和Mac上使用，但它通常用在Mac而不是Windows上. 它现在正运行着最新的PHP和MySQL.

= == 網頁伺服器 == =

In order to serve wiki pages to browsers, MediaWiki requires some web server software. Often you will not have a choice of which software to use – it will be the one provided by your hosting provider.

Most installations use the Apache web server, available at the official download page. 然而，MediaWiki也被在使用IIS 7.0，Cherokee，Hiawatha，LiteSpeed，nginx（配置实例）和lighttpd的情况下测试过.

= == PHP == =

PHP是写成MediaWiki的编程语言，并且它也需要使软件正常运行.

记住，虽然MediaWiki通过一个安装脚本来提供基于网络的最重要的东西的配置文件，但一些PHP基础将需要用来做更多的详细的个性化.

下面的条件是必需的： In most Debian/Ubuntu-based distros, this is in the php5-intl package.
 * 为了获得最新的稳定版本的MediaWiki，PHP版本 或更新的版本是必需的.
 * 如果你不能升级到PHP，你可以使用MediaWiki 1.23.13，它需要PHP5.3.2或更新的版本
 * Perl Compatible Regular Expressions (PCRE) (v4.0+, MediaWiki 1.23 requires PCRE 7.2+ which may not be available in earlier PHP packages)
 * 会话（Session）
 * Standard PHP Library
 * JSON (至少1.22后的版本)
 * mbstring (required since 1.27, recommended for earlier versions)
 * 注意所有的这些在PHP中都是默认启用的.
 * MediaWiki's installer will warn if you don't have the optional PHP intl extension "to handle Unicode normalization".
 * On most Debian/Ubuntu-based distros, either the php5-mysql or php5-mysqlnd package is required if you want MediaWiki to use MySQL.
 * If you are installing MediaWiki on CentOS 5.6, use the php53 package instead of php. The php package contains PHP 5.1.x, which is not compatible with the latest version of MediaWiki.
 * If you are installing MediaWiki on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4 (CentOS 6.4), you will need to install the php-xml package in addition to the normal php package.
 * Some features of MediaWiki may require PHP functions that execute external processes, like image thumbnailing, that some cheap hosts usually disable. This has surfaced specially in MediaWiki 1.23 on file uploads . Please take this into consideration if you plan to install MediaWiki on a shared host.
 * MediaWiki extensions may require additional PHP features, e.g. VisualEditor requires libcurl support (php5-curl on Debian/Ubuntu-based distros).

If you need to compile PHP from source, then see PHP configuration for compilation options that affect MediaWiki.


 * Some servers may also require the equivalent database module and session management module be installed. See individual operating system instructions for more information.
 * When installing on Windows using the Microsoft installer, add the extension for your database of choice (MySQL/MariaDB or Postgres) to the features to be installed.

= == 資料庫伺服器 == =

MediaWiki stores all the text and data (content pages, user details, system messages, etc.) in a database, which it is capable of sharing with other web-based applications (phpBB, etc.). You will need one of the following database servers to run the latest version of MediaWiki:


 * MySQL or later* or MariaDB 5.1+
 * PostgreSQL or later (supported since MediaWiki 1.8). See Manual:Installing MediaWiki for more detail.
 * 3
 * Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 or later is supported for LTS releases and is not guaranteed to work for non-LTS releases

过去支持，现在不支持：


 * (unsupported on the latest MediaWiki versions due to open blocking bugs)

Some users find it helpful to install an additional software package such as phpMyAdmin (MySQL/MariaDB) or phpPgAdmin (Postgres) to help administer the database server.

MySQL 5 has been required since MediaWiki 1.19. MySQL 4 was required starting with MediaWiki 1.6. (If you are using an ancient version of MySQL and cannot upgrade then you need to use MediaWiki 1.5.8, but this version is not supported.)

= == 硬體需求 == =

The recommended minimum requirements are 256MB of RAM for a single-computer website and 85MB of storage, although this will not suffice for a busy public site or a site with uploading enabled. Some users have reported running MediaWiki on computers with as little as 48MB of RAM.

The install size can be reduced to around 50Mb for a developer install and to around 26Mb for a non-developer, end-user install. See Manual:Reduce size of the installation

= == 非必要的相依 == =

其他软件

 * ImageMagick or GD is required for image thumbnailing.
 * TeX is required for inline display of mathematical formulae. In most Debian/Ubuntu-based distros, this is in the texlive package.
 * Sendmail is required in order for the system to be able to send e-mails.
 * Shell access is required to run maintenance scripts; upgrading MediaWiki may be more difficult without it.

For further information about the above items, see Manual:Installing third-party tools.

可视化编辑器
可视化编辑器扩展（以及Flow扩展）需要Parsoid web 服务，这由Node.js实现. Node.js is not provided by most shared-hosting companies (HostGator, Bluehost, Dreamhost, etc.). For performance and security reasons, it is better to use a dedicated hosting solution such as a Virtual private server ("VPS").

Scribunto
如果您希望从wiki页面和模板调用Lua模块（参见此wiki的例子），您的wiki也需要Scribunto.

参见



 * 软件包


 * XAMPP
 * XAMPP
 * XAMPP