Manual:Extensions/zh

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什么是扩展插件?
扩展插件允许你定制MediaWiki的外观和工作方式.

Wiki用户可以浏览现有扩展插件或者请求一个新插件. 系统管理员可在他管理的MediaWiki网站上安装（或删除）扩展插件. 开发者可以编写新插件或者完善已有插件.

根据关键字搜索扩展插件：
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安装插件可以实现各人不同的目的：


 * 扩充用于写文章的wiki的标记 - 参阅 Category:Parser function extensions 和 Category:Parser extensions.
 * 添加新的报告或新的管理功能 - 参阅 Category:Special page extensions.
 * 改变MediaWiki的外观和感觉 - 参阅 Gallery of user styles 和 Category:User interface extensions.
 * 定制验证机制提高安全等级 - 参阅 Category:Authentication and Authorization Extensions.

While some extensions are maintained by MediaWiki's developers, others were written by third-party developers. As a result, many have bugs, and they are not all guaranteed to be compatible with each other. Some are unmaintained; not all extensions work on all versions of MediaWiki. Use any extension, especially those tagged as insecure, at your own risk. When using an extension requiring patches to the core MediaWiki code or entries in your database(s), be sure to create a back-up of your database and/or the core MediaWiki code, to avoid the risk of permanently breaking your wiki.

浏览扩展插件
你可浏览Category:Extensions by category（扩展插件的分类）或者Extension Matrix（扩展插件矩阵）以了解已有插件的功能范围. may also be helpful to pick out extensions. 关于如何安装这些插件或者如何编写自己的插件，参见后续章节.

检查已安装的插件
只有那些具备访问服务器文件系统的管理员可以安装用于MediaWiki的扩展插件，但是任何人都可以点击Special:Version页面获得当前有哪些扩展插件被用在这个MediaWiki网站上的信息. 例如，点击这里可以了解哪些扩展插件被用在了英文维基百科.

安装扩展插件
在安装完MediaWiki后即可安装扩展插件. 添加一个插件需要下面几个步骤：


 * 1) '开始前'
 * 少数扩展插件需要安装补丁. 其中大多数提供了专为unix安装命令而设计的使用说明. 这需要命令行权限（SSH）来运行这些在扩展插件帮助页面上给出的命令.
 * 1) 下载扩展插件. 
 * Extension Distributor可帮你选择和下载最受欢迎的扩展插件.
 * 扩展插件通常以模块的程序包形式发布. They generally go in their own subdirectory of  .  A list of extensions stored in the Wikimedia Git repository is located at git:mediawiki/extensions. Some extensions don't use version control are not recommended.
 * Some extensions are also available in bundles, or package repositories.
 * 1) 安装扩展插件. .
 * 通常, 在 文件的结尾（但应在PHP代码结束符" "之前）添加下列代码：
 * 这一条将强制PHP解释器来读取文件扩展，从而使其到MediaWiki访问.
 * 某些扩展可能与维护脚本冲突，例如，例如能直接访问$_SERVER（不推荐）.
 * 在这种情况下，他们可以被包裹在条件下进行运行，以让维护脚本仍然可以运行.
 * 在这种情况下，他们可以被包裹在条件下进行运行，以让维护脚本仍然可以运行.


 * The maintenance script will fail for any extension which requires customized namespaces which is included inside the conditional above such as,.


 * Ensure that required permissions are set for extensions!
 * While this installation procedure is sufficient for most extensions, some require a different installation procedure. Check your extension's documentation for details.
 * If you want to alter configuration variables in LocalSettings.php, you have to do this typically after including the extension. Otherwise defaults defined in the extension will overwrite your settings.
 * 虽然扩展声明可以被放置在LocalSettings.php文件中任何地方，但不要放在代码 行之前.  Doing so will blank the extension setup function arrays, causing no extensions to be installed, and probably will make your wiki inaccessible until you fix it!

升级扩展插件
当你升级你的MediaWiki时，部分扩展插件也需要升级，而其他部分扩展插件则可能支持向上兼容. 升级某个扩展插件到新版本：


 * 1) 下载新版本扩展插件
 * 2) 替换extension/ExtensionName目录下所有文件为新版本的文件. 不要删除LocalSettings.php中存在的扩展插件的配置.
 * 3) 根据不同的扩展插件，你可能需要运行Update.php维护脚本. 多数扩展插件会提及是否需要运行这个脚本 （在不必要的情况下运行update.php不会对整体造成影响，所以你不用因为害怕而不去运行它）.  当你没有通过命令行访问，你也可以使用网络更新.
 * 4) 这就是全部你所需要做的. 在大多数情况下，LocalSettings.php中扩展插件的配置在新版本下也能运作.

These instructions cover 99% of extensions. If the specific extension you are upgrading has instructions that differ from these, you should probably follow the specific extension's instructions

卸载扩展插件
扩展插件的启用通常是通过在 LocalSettings.php中添加一行语句来实现的，基本上是像这样的：

Depending on the extension you want to uninstall additionally other stuff might be done on installation, which you want to undo now. For details see the section on installing an extension.


 * 1) 删除此行，扩展即被卸载. If you want to, you can (and if you do not want to use this extension in the future you should) remove the files of this extension inside the folder "extensions/".
 * 2) Maybe you also have some other lines in LocalSettings.php, which have to do with the extension you want to remove. Most likely this will be lines, which give certain users the right to access pages, which are provided by the extension. These lines contain the variable "$wgGroupPermissions" and make some settings there. As far as they have to do with rights, which come from the removed extension, you can remove these lines as well.
 * 3) Maybe your extension also has added columns to your database. The updater maintenance/update.php removes them, when you run it, after you have uninstalled the extension.

开发扩展插件
这个复杂的话题在开发扩展插件手册页有讨论.

另请参阅

 * Project:Extension requests
 * - Information about translating extensions.
 * Project:Extension requests
 * - Information about translating extensions.
 * Project:Extension requests
 * - Information about translating extensions.
 * Project:Extension requests
 * - Information about translating extensions.
 * - Information about translating extensions.