Wikimedia Enterprise

The Wikimedia Enterprise API is a new service focused on high-volume commercial reusers of Wikimedia content. It will provide a new funding stream for the Wikimedia movement; greater reliability for commercial reusers; and greater reach for Wikimedia content.

For general information, the relationship to the Wikimedia strategy, operating principles, and FAQ, see Wikimedia Enterprise on Meta. The project was formerly known as "Okapi".

For information about obtaining access to this service, please see Access on the project's Meta homepage.

Background
Due to the myriad of sources of information on the internet, compiling public and private data sets together has become a major proprietary asset (seen in customer knowledge graphs) for large tech companies when building their products. It is through this work that a company’s voice assistants and search engines can be more effective than those of their competitors competitors. Wikimedia data is the largest public data source on the internet and is used as the "common knowledge" backbone of knowledge graphs. Not having Wikimedia data in a knowledge graph is detrimental to a product’s value, as we've proven through customer research.

In order for Wikimedia Enterprise API's customers to create effective user experiences, they require two core features from the Wikimedia dataset: completeness and timeliness.

Wikimedia content provides the largest corpus of information freely available on the web. It maps broad topics across hundreds of languages and endows consumer products with a feeling of “all-knowingness” and “completeness” that drives positive user experiences.

Wikimedia content originates from a community that authors content in real time, as history unfolds. Leveraging that community’s work provides customer products with the feeling of being “in-the-know” (i.e., “timeliness”) as events occur, thus generating positive user experiences.

There is currently no way for a data-consuming customer to make one or two API requests to retrieve a complete and recent document that contains all relevant and related information for the topic requested. This has resulted in customers building complex ad-hoc solutions that are difficult to maintain; expensive, due to a large internal investment; error prone, due to inconsistencies in Wikimedia data; and fragile, due to changes in Wikimedia responses.

Research Study
From June 2020 – October 2020, the Wikimedia Enterprise team conducted a series of interviews with third-party reusers [Users] of Wikimedia data to gain a better understanding of what companies are using our data, how they are using our data, in what products they are using it, and what challenges they face when working with our APIs. Our research showed that:


 * 1) Users cache our data externally rather than query our APIs for live data
 * 2) Each user approaches our current stack differently, with unique challenges and requests
 * 3) The Wikimedia APIs are not viewed as a reliable ingestion mechanism for gathering data and are prone to rate limits, uptime issues, and excessive use to achieve their goals
 * 4) All users have the same general problems when working with our content, and we have received similar asks from users of all size

The Enterprise API team has identified four pain points that cause large third-party reusers to struggle when using our public suite of APIs for commercial purposes. Note: Many of these concepts overlap with other initiatives currently underway within the Wikimedia movement, for example the API Gateway initiative.
 * High Frequency: Commercial reusers want to be able to ingest our content "off-the-press" so that they can have the most current worldview of common knowledge when presenting information to their users.
 * System Reliability: Commercial reusers want reliable uptime on critical APIs and file downloads so that they can build using our tools without maintenance or increased risk on their products.
 * Content Integrity: Commercial reusers inherit the same challenges that Wikimedia projects have in relation to vandalism and evolving stories. Commercial reusers desire more metadata with each revision update in order to inform their judgement calls on whether or not to publish a revision to their products.
 * Machine Readability: Commercial reusers want a clean and consistent schema for working with data across all of our projects. This is due to the challenges that come from parsing and making sense of the data they get from our current APIs.

Product Roadmap
In response to the research study, the Enterprise API team focuses on building tools for commercial reusers that will offer the advantages of a data service relationship while expanding the usability of the content that we provide.

The roadmap is split into two ordered phases focused on helping large third-party reusers with:


 * 1) Building a "commercial ingestion pipe"
 * 2) Creating more useful data to feed into the "commercial ingestion pipe"

Beta: Building a "Commercial Ingestion Pipe" (Current)
The goal of the first phase is to build infrastructure that ensures the Wikimedia Foundation can reasonably guarantee Service Level Agreements (SLAs) for 3rd-party reusers as well as create a "single product" where commercial reusers can confidently ingest our content in a clear manner. While the main goal of this is not explicitly to remove the load of the large reusers from Wikimedia Foundation infrastructure, it is a benefit, for we do not currently know the total capacity of these large reusers on donor-funded infrastructure.

The Q4 2021 release (May/June 2021) of the Enterprise APIs proposes the following:

Launch: Enhance Wikimedia Data for Reuse
The goal of the second phase of this project is to enhance the data that comes through the infrastructure provided by the Enterprise API. By doing this, we will create more opportunity for reusers ingesting our data feeds to efficiently use our content in their products. We have taken requests on ways that reusers would like to have our data evolve over time and created this list.

The elements listed are by no means in order of importance or commitments, just ideas and direct responses to requests that have been articulated to our team. We look forward to defining future directions in collaboration with other teams within the movement.

 Enterprise API Roadmap Considerations

Active Development (Beta)
Note: We are still defining the exact nomenclature for API endpoints and documentation, but these are the main products that our team is currently building.

Structured Content API
High-volume reusers that use an infrastructure reliant on the EventStream platform depend on services like RESTBase to pull HTML from page titles and current revisions to update their products. High-volume reusers have requested a reliable means to gather this data, as well as structures other than HTML when incorporating our content into their KGs and products.

Wikimedia Enterprise Structured Content API, at release, will contain:
 * A commercial schema
 * SLA

In terms of schema, we are limiting our scope to optimize the reliability of these services. However, refer to our Product Roadmap to understand where this will expand. Please note, this schema is still in progress and is not final; it was built to articulate our ideas and is not fully named or coded. We will likely leverage ideas from schema.org when building out this schema in full.

Firehose API
High-volume reusers currently rely heavily on the changes that are pushed from our community to update their products in real time, using EventStream APIs to access such changes.High-volume reusers are interested in a service that will allow them to filter the changes they receive to limit their processing, guarantee stable HTTP connections to ensure no data loss, and supply a more useful schema to limit the number of api calls they need to make per event.

Enterprise Firehose API, at release, will contain:
 * Filtering of events by Project or Revision Namespace
 * Guaranteed connections
 * Commercially useful schema similar* to those that we are building in our Structured Content API and Bulk API
 * SLA

* We are still in the process of mapping out the technical specifications to determine the limitations of schema in event platforms and will post here when we have finalized our design.

Bulk API
For high volume reusers that currently rely on the Wikimedia Dumps to access our information, we have created a solution to ingest Wikimedia content in near real time without excessive API calls (Structured Content API) or maintaining hooks into our infrastructure (Firehose).

Enterprise Bulk API, at release, will contain:


 * 24-hour JSON*, Wikitext, or HTML compressed dumps of "text-based" Wikimedia projects
 * A hourly update file with revision changes of "text-based" Wikimedia projects
 * SLA

* JSON dumps will contain the same schema per page as the Structured Content API

Daily HTML Dumps
The Enterprise team's first product was building daily dump files of HTML for every "text-based" Wikimedia project. These dumps will help content re-users use a more familiar data type as they work with Wikimedia content.

Reusers have four immediate needs from a service that supports large-scale content reuse: system reliability, high frequency or real-time access, content integrity, and machine readability.

Web Interface
A downloader interface now in design stages allows for users to download a daily dump for each "text-based" project, search and download individual pages, and save their preferences for return visits. Currently the software is in Alpha and still in usage and quality testing. This dashboard is built in React with internal-facing client endpoints built on top of our infrastructure. The downloads are hosted and served through S3.

Rationale behind choosing this as the Enterprise API's first product


 * Already validated: Before the Enterprise team ran research to discover the needs of high-volume data reusers, this was the most historically requested feature. Large technology partners, researchers, and internal stakeholders within the Wikimedia Foundation have long sought a comprehensive way to access all of the Wikimedia "text-based" wikis in a form outside of Wikitext.
 * Take pressure off internal Wikimedia infrastructure: While not proven, anecdotally we can conclude there is a significant band of traffic to our APIs by high-volume reusers aiming to get the most up-to-date content cached on their systems for reuse. Building a tool where they can achieve this has been the first step to pulling high-volume reusers away from WMF infrastructure and onto a new service.
 * Standalone in nature: Of the projects already laid out for consideration by the Enterprise team, this is the most standalone. We can easily understand the specs without working with a specific partner. We were not forced to make technical decisions that would affect a later product or offering. In fact, in many ways, this flexibility forced us to build a data platform that produced many of the APIs that we are offering in the near future.
 * Strong business development case: This project gave the Enterprise team a lot of room to talk through solutions with reusers and open up business development conversations.
 * Strong introductory project for contractors: The Enterprise team started with a team of outside contractors. This forced the team to become reusers of Wikimedia in order to build this product. In the process, the team was able to identify and relate to the problems with the APIs that our customer base faces, giving them a broader understanding of the issues at hand.

Application Hosting
The engineering goal of this project is to rapidly prototype and build solutions that could scale to the needs of the Enterprise API's intended customers: high-volume, high-speed, commercial reusers. To do this, the product has been optimized for quick iteration, downstream Service Level Agreements (SLAs), and reliable file storage. Because the use cases of these intended customers are valid, but are both highly specific and stringent, their requirements are not what Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering is—or should be—expected to fully support. Therefore, a more appropriate use of movement resources is to build the Enterprise API upon a third-party cloud provider (specifically Amazon Web Services [AWS]). While there are many advantages of using the external cloud for our use case, we acknowledge there are also fundamental tensions, given the culture and principles of how applications are built at the WMF.

Consequently, the goal with the Enterprise API is to create an application that is "cloud-agnostic" and can be spun up on any provider's platform. We have taken reasonable steps to architect abstraction layers within our application to remove any overt dependencies on our current host, Amazon Web Services. This was also a pragmatic decision, due to the unclear nature of where this project will live long-term.

The following steps were taken to ensure that principle. We have: We have intentionally kept our technical stack as general, open source, and lightweight as possible. There is a temptation to use a number of proprietary services that may provide easy solutions to hard problems (including EMR, DynamoDB, etc). However, we have restricted our reliance on Amazon services to what we can be found in most other cloud providers. Below is a list of services used by the Enterprise API within Amazon and its purpose in our infrastructure:
 * Designed and built service interfaces to create abstractions from provider-specific tools. For instance, we have layers that tie to general File Storage capabilities, decoupling us from using exclusively "AWS S3" or creating undo dependency on other potential cloud options
 * Built the application using Terraform as Infrastructure as Code to manage our cloud services. [The Terraform code will be published in the near future and this documentation will be updated when it is]
 * Used Docker for containerization throughout the application
 * Implemented hard drive encryption to ensure that the data is protected (we are working to expand our data encryption and will continually as this project develops)


 * Amazon EC2 - Compute
 * Amazon S3 - File Storage
 * Amazon Relational Database Service (PostgreSQL) - PostGRES Database
 * Amazon ElastiCache for Redis - Cache

We are looking to provide Service Level Agreements (SLA) to customers with guarantees of 99.99% API uptime, identical to those guaranteed by Amazon's EC2. We don't have equivalent uptime information from the Wikimedia Foundation's existing infrastructure. However, this is something we are exploring with Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering. Any alternative hosting in the future would require equivalent services or time to allow us to add more staff to our team in order to give us confidence to handle the SLA we are promising.
 * Amazon Elasticsearch Service - Search Engine
 * Amazon MSK - Apache Kafka Cluster
 * Amazon ELB - Load Balancer
 * Amazon VPC - Virtual Private Cloud

In the meantime, we are researching alternatives to AWS (and remain open to ideas that might fit our use case) when this project is more established. We are confident in knowing what the infrastructure needs are in reality.

Team
We are staffing our engineering team currently with Speed & Function. At this early stage in the project, we are not yet sure of the long-term engineering needs and wish to thoroughly assess the project’s ability to become self-sustaining. In this way, we hope not to disrupt other WMF projects or divert excessive resources.