Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/ko

이 문서는 성장 팀의 "구조화된 작업"에 대한 설명입니다. 이 프로젝트는 새 사용자 작업과 새 사용자 홈페이지 프로젝트의 연관 프로젝트입니다. 이 문서는 프로젝트의 주요 요소, 디자인, 결정 사항 등을 나열하고 있습니다. 대부분의 순차적인 업데이트는 성장 팀 업데이트에 게시되며, 대규모 업데이트가 이곳에 기록됩니다.

현재 상태

 * 2020-05-01: 초기 노트 계획과 기록

요약
성장 팀은 2019년 11월에 새 사용자들이 홈페이지에서 편집 추천을 받을 수 있는 새 사용자 작업 프로젝트를 배포하였습니다. 2020년 4월 기준으로, 추천 편집 문서는 이미 숙련된 사용자가 유지보수 틀을 추가한 문서를 통해서만 제공되므로, 문서의 어떤 부분이 특별히 주목해야 하는지 알려주지 않습니다. 문서의 어느 부분을 편집해야 할 지 알려주지 않아도 많은 새 사용자들이 많은 생산적인 편집을 만들고 있다는 것에 기쁩니다.

유지보수 틀이 새 사용자가 편집에 적응하기 위한 다양한 종류의 편집을 공급해 주기는 하지만, 이러한 문서들은 새 사용자가 편집하기엔 너무 광범위하거나 모호할 수 있습니다. 특히 모바일 기기의 작은 화면이 시각편집기나 원본 편집기가 새 사용자를 혼란스럽게 할 수 있습니다.

따라서 저희는 "구조화된 작업"이라는 작업을 실험해 보고자 합니다. 이러한 작업은 편집 작업을 새 사용자가 쉽게 완수할 수 있는 여러 순서의 작업으로 나누는 것을 목표로 합니다. 안드로이드 앱 팀과 언어 팀의 예시를 기반으로, 이러한 편집을 쉽게 하면 더 많은 편집을 할 수 있을 것으로 생각됩니다. 이러한 구조화된 작업은 새 사용자 작업 프로젝트의 일부로써 새 사용자에게 제공됩니다.

편집은 복잡합니다
성장 팀의 경험을 통해, 새 사용자는 최초 편집 순간에 편집을 계속할 지, 편집을 중단할 지 결정하는 것으로 추측하고 있습니다. 새 사용자가 빠르게 편집을 저장하고 긍정적인 경험을 할 수 있다면 남아 있을 확률이 높죠. 하지만 위키백과 기여는 (거의 모두 다) 복잡하고, 이러한 요소가 빠른 성공을 방해합니다. 예를 들어, 문장 하나를 추가하려면 거의 12개에 가까운 작업을 해야 합니다.


 * 1) 올바른 문서를 검색합니다.
 * 2) 추가하려는 내용이 문서에 이미 존재하는지 알아냅니다.
 * 3) 문장을 추가할 문단을 찾습니다.
 * 4) 문서를 편집하기 시작해야 합니다.
 * 5) Type the sentence in the right place.
 * 6) Click the citation button.
 * 7) Return to the source to get the link or citation info.
 * 8) Fill out and save the citation form.
 * 9) Click to publish the edit.
 * 10) Fill out an edit summary.
 * 11) Publish.

Newcomers looking at the visual or wikitext editor for the first time don’t know what those steps are, what order in which to do them, or which buttons to click to make them happen. In other words, their experience is not structured. They may just be overwhelmed and leave. Or they may use trial-and-error, make a mistake, and get negative feedback from experienced editors. That's what this project is about: how might we help newcomers step through these workflows in the right order?

Building on knowledge from other teams
Adding structure to editing workflows has been part of the Wikimedia projects for a long time. Some examples include:


 * HotCat: lets users choose categories to add to articles with a few clicks, instead of manually editing the wikitext.
 * Commons Upload Wizard: breaks the process of uploading media to Commons into a series of a simple steps.
 * Citoid: available in the Visual Editor, this breaks down the process of adding a citation into steps that include algorithms to automatically produce the citation text and template.

Most recently, the idea of "structured tasks" has been working well on the Wikipedia Android app and in the Content Translation tool. We're inspired by their work.

With their "suggested edits" project, the Android team broke down the process of adding a title description to a Wikipedia article into one easy step of typing into a text box. They have since done the same with translating title descriptions across languages. In order to do the same tasks without a structured workflow, users would have to go to Wikidata and go through several steps to make those same edits. The team learned that this method works: many Android users make hundreds of these small contributions.

The Language team built the Content Translation tool, which does several things to structure the process of translating an article. It offers a side-by-side interface built for translations, it breaks the translation down into sections, and it automatically applies machine translation algorithms. Though Wikipedians could translate articles before the existence of the tool, the number of manual steps required made it very difficult. This tool is successful, with hundreds of thousands of translations completed. We learned that when translating an article is broken down into steps, with rote parts (e.g. running machine translation) taken care of automatically, more articles get translated.

The Growth team is thinking about applying these same principles to content edits in articles, like adding links, adding images, adding references, and adding sentences.

A structured task sketch
The best way to explain how we're thinking about structured tasks may be through showing a quick sketch. The first structured task we've thought about is "add a (wiki)link". But the same ideas could apply to structured tasks for "add an image", "add a reference", or even "add a fact".

In the newcomer tasks feature, lots of newcomers complete "add a (wiki)link" tasks -- in which they add internal blue links in articles that don't have many. This seems like a simple editing task to get started. But we think that many newcomers may not understand how to go through the steps of adding a link and may not know which words to make into links. We're imagining a workflow that walks them through it, step-by-step, with the assistance of an algorithm that can guess which words or phrases might make the best links.

In the sketch below, the newcomer arrives on an article, and is given a suggestion of a word that might make a good (wiki)link. If they agree that it should be made a link, they are walked through the steps of making the link. This will hopefully teach them to add links on their own in the future -- and perhaps they'll enjoy continuing to receive these algorithmic link suggestions. Regarding the algorithm, the WMF Research team has done some preliminary work that makes us confident that such an algorithm is possible.



In thinking further about this, we sketched a second idea. Instead of being aimed toward teaching the newcomer to add links using the visual editor, this next workflow lets the user quickly confirm or reject recommendations from the algorithm, directly editing the article. While it does not teach them how to add links via the editor, it might help a newcomer edit at high volume, and might be a better fit for a user who is trying to be productive with simple tasks while they are on the go. Or perhaps might be a good fit for users who only are interested in very simple edits, similarly to how the Android app has many editors who only want to write title descriptions.



In thinking about structured tasks, it looks like this might be a big question: should workflows be more aimed toward teaching newcomers to use the traditional tools, or be more aimed toward newcomers being able to do easy edits at higher volume?

Why this idea is prioritized
We think that quickly making productive edits is what leads to newcomer success. Once they've done some edits, the rest of the wiki experience quickly becomes richer. Newcomers can then see their impact, get thanked, ask informed questions to their mentors, create their userpage, etc. Therefore, we want lots of newcomers to make their first edits as soon as possible. We have already seen from the newcomer tasks project that many newcomers are looking for easy tasks to do. But we also have observed these things:


 * Only about 25% of the newcomers who click on a suggestion actually edit it.
 * Only about 25% of those who do a suggested edit do another one.
 * There are a handful of newcomers who really thrive on suggested edits, doing dozens of them every day. This shows the potential for newcomers to accomplish a lot of wiki work.
 * In live user tests, when newcomers are told to copyedit an article or add links to an article, they frequently want to know exactly which sentence or words need their attention. In other words, attempting to edit the full article is too open-ended.

Taking these points along with the experiences described above of the Android and Content Translation teams, we think we could increase the number of newcomers editing and continuing to edit by structuring some of the content editing workflows in Wikipedia.

Opportunities with structured tasks
When we break down editing workflows into steps, we call them "structured tasks". Here are some of the possible benefits we think could come from structured tasks:


 * Make it easy for newcomers to make meaningful contributions.
 * Develop editing workflows that make sense for mobile. Mobile design principles tell us that users should see one step at a time, not a complicated workspace.
 * Let newcomers increase their skills incrementally. They could take on successfully more challenging types of tasks.
 * Let people find an editing experience that fits them. By giving newcomers a feed of structured tasks, they could find the type of tasks that they prefer.
 * Perhaps similar workflows could be opened to experienced editors in the future.

Concerns and downsides to structured tasks
Whenever we add new ways for people to edit Wikipedia, there are many things that can go wrong:


 * By making editing too quick and easy, we may attract vandals, or users who don't apply enough care when editing.
 * Giving newcomers simple workflows may keep them from learning the traditional editing tools, which are essential for doing the most impactful wiki work.
 * Structured tasks may not be good at accounting for differences across languages, idiosyncrasies with wikitext, and could cause other kinds of bugs.
 * Algorithms that surface structured tasks may not be accurate enough, and falsely encourage newcomers to complete edits they shouldn't.