Help:Content translation/Translating/Translation quality/it

Quando si realizza una traduzione, è essenziale rivedere i contenuti prima di pubblicarli. È necessario assicurarsi che il contenuto prodotto non modifichi il significato originale e verificare che risulti naturale nella lingua di destinazione. La initial machine translation fornita aiuta ad accelerare il processo di traduzione con un utile punto di partenza, ma lo strumento incoraggia gli utenti a rivedere e modificare significativamente i contenuti iniziali.

Una serie di meccanismi è dedicata a garantire che i traduttori modifichino le traduzioni iniziali in modo appropriato. L'editor di traduzione tiene traccia di quanto la traduzione iniziale è stata modificata dall'utente e definisce diversi limiti che impediscono la pubblicazione o avvertono gli utenti per incoraggiarli a rivedere ulteriormente i contenuti.

In questo modo, lo strumento consente agli utenti di fare un buon uso di una prima traduzione automatica, impedendo al contempo la creazione di risultati revisionati con leggerezza e di bassa qualità. Di seguito vengono presentati ulteriori dettagli su come funzionano questi limiti, come possono essere adattati alle esigenze di ciascuna lingua e come misurare la qualità dei contenuti prodotti con lo strumento.

Limitazioni per incoraggiare la revisione della traduzione
La strumento Traduzione Contenuti misura la percentuale delle modifiche che gli utenti fanno alla traduzione automatica inizialmente fornita. In tal modo, il sistema sa quante parole sono state aggiunte, eliminate o modificate della traduzione iniziale. Le misurazioni sono eseguite su due livelli differenti: per ogni paragrafo e per l'intera traduzione. A ciascun livello sono applicati limiti differenti, come dettagliati sotto.

Limitazioni per la traduzione completa
La pubblicazione è bloccata se il 99% o più dell'intero documento consiste in un contenuto tradotto automaticamente senza nessuna modifica. Questo limite impedisce traduzioni automatiche quasi grezze ed evita evidenti atti di vandalismo. Esso evita inoltre che gli utenti aggiungano contenuto senza modificare la parte tradotta automaticamente. Come illustrato di seguito, questo limite può essere regolato per ogni lingua.

Limitazioni per ogni paragrafo
La percentuale delle modifiche utente è pure misurata per ogni paragrafo. Un paragrafo è considerato problematico quando contiene più dell'85% della traduzione automatica iniziale (o, quando copiando il contenuto dal documento di partenza, contiene più del 60% di contenuto non modificato).

L'editor di traduzione mostrerà un avviso per ogni paragrafo considerato problematico, incoraggiando ulteriori modifiche da parte dell'utente. In alcuni casi, gli utenti possono ancora pubblicare, ma la pagina risultante può essere aggiunta a una categoria di monitoraggio di traduzioni potenzialmente non revisionate da parte della comunità per ulteriori revisioni. In altri casi, agli utenti non è permesso pubblicare in nessun modo quella traduzione.

Di seguito sono elencati alcuni dei fattori presi in considerazione per determinare se consentire o meno agli utenti di pubblicare (alcuni dei quali sono ancora in fase di sviluppo):

For paragraphs where the unmodified content warning is shown, but the user marks it as resolved, a less strict threshold is applied (accepting 95% of Machine translation or 75% of source content). This will provide a way to accommodate cases where the automatic translation was exceptionally good, but still avoid potential abuse of the feature (i.e., not blindly following a user's confirmation).
 * Il numero di paragrafi problematici. Agli utenti viene impedito di pubblicare traduzioni con 50 o più paragrafi problematici. La pubblicazione di traduzioni con meno di 50 paragrafi problematici è consentita, ma quelle con 10-49 paragrafi problematici saranno aggiunte a una categoria di tracciamento delle traduzioni potenzialmente non revisionate dalla comunità per ulteriore verifica.
 * Traduzioni precedentemente cancellate. Per prevenire problemi ricorrenti, lo strumento identifica gli utenti le cui traduzioni pubblicate sono state cancellate nei 30 giorni precedenti e impone limitazioni più restrittive sulle loro successive attività di traduzione. For users in this class, translations with 10 problematic paragraphs or more are prevented from publishing, while those with 9 or less problematic paragraphs are added to a tracking category of potentially unreviewed translations for the community to review.
 * User confirmation. A less strict threshold is considered for paragraphs that a user marks as resolved—taken as a signal that the user reviewed and confirmed the status of the translation.

Contents not affected by the limits
Some content is not expected to be edited significantly, and thus is not considered when applying the limits described above. Very short section titles, citations, or the list of references are excluded from review. Otherwise, users could receive misleading warnings about translating content that should not be, such as book titles appearing in references or other proper nouns.

Limits on the mobile experience
For the mobile experience the initial set of limits follow a simpler approach. At the moment, only the overall percentage of unmodified machine translation for the whole translation is considered. On mobile, the whole translation consist of just one section of the article.

In particular, a warning is shown when the percentage of unmodified machine translation is over 85% for the whole section, and publishing is prevented when the when the percentage of unmodified machine translation is over 95%.

Feedback on how the limits system work on the mobile context would be very useful to determine how to evolve this initial approach.

Adjusting the limits
The limits described above provide a set of general mechanisms, but they may need adjustment depending on the particular needs of each wiki. Based on initial evaluation, the amount of modification needed to initial machine translation can range from 10% to 70%, depending on the language pair. On some wikis, the default limits may be too strict, generating unnecessary noise or preventing perfectly valid translations from being published. On other wikis, the limits may not be strict enough, allowing the publication of translations that have not been edited enough.

Adjusting the different thresholds allows each wiki to tailor the tool's limits according to its particular needs. Feedback from native speakers is essential in properly adjusting the limits imposed. If the current limits don't seem to work well based on your experience in creating or reviewing translations, please share your feedback, and we can explore how to better adjust them.

When providing feedback about adjusting the thresholds, we recommend that you first create several example translations (make sure to check the publishing options if your test is not intended to be published as regular content). When testing how the limits work for your language, it is useful to keep in mind the following:

In this way, you can more easily find the right balance for the tool's limits feature. Checking only one type of problem can lead to moving the thresholds too far in the opposite direction. For example, content that is full of numeric data or technical names may require less editing by users than content with more descriptive text. Make sure to test by translating of a variety of different article types, of varying lengths, with disparate content. It may require custom adjustments to the thresholds or that you improve your general approach. In any case, after each change, further testing may be needed to verify the improvements made.
 * Check for both cases. Make sure to check how the limits work for both: translations where the content has not been edited enough, versus where it has been edited enough.
 * Check different content. Content in our wikis is highly diverse, and machine translation may work much better for some cases compared to others.
 * Prepare to iterate. Adjusting the thresholds is an iterative process.

Adjusting the limits in collaboration with editors has proven to be effective. For example, initial results show that the Indonesian community was able to significantly reduce the number of problematic translations they were receiving by restricting the publication of translations with more than 70% of unmodified machine translation content. Similar adjustments have been made for Telugu and Assamese language wikis. There is no automatic tool that is infallible, and these limits are not an exception.

The process of content review by the community is still essential, but these limits provide communities with a tool to reduce the number of translations they have to focus on, making the review process much more effective. Please share your feedback and we can explore how to better adjust them.

Tracking potentially unreviewed translations
A tracking category with the name "cx-unreviewed-translation-category" is provided for communities to easily find articles that have been published with some content exceeding the recommended limits.

You can find this category in the list of tracking categories on each wiki. Using it, you can track articles that passed the limits preventing publication, but that still had some paragraphs that were edited less than expected. For example the Indonesian Wikipedia's category includes articles that have less than 40% of machine translation overall, but which have some paragraphs with more than 80% of unmodified machine translation.

Measuring translation quality
Evaluating content quality automatically is not trivial. Deletion ratios provide a useful measure for estimating whether the content created was good enough for the community involved not to delete it. Based on the analysis of deletion ratios, articles that are created as translations are less likely to be deleted when compared with articles created from scratch. This suggests that it may not be practical to set the limits for participation through translating much higher than those set for other ways of article creation.

Find published translations
Content translation adds a contenttranslation edit tag to the published translations. This allows communities the ability to use Recent changes, and similar tools, to focus on pages created using the translation tool. In addition, data on published translations and the statistics for machine translation use are available for anyone to analyze.

Inspect a specific translation
The Translation debugger is a tool that allows the inspection of some metadata for a given translation, including the percentage of machine translation used for the whole document, and the translation service used for each paragraph. For specific types of content such as templates, the Content Translation Server API can be queried to check how templates will be transferred across languages.

Other limits based on user expertise


Some wikis have implemented other restrictions for translating based on the user rights as a way to reduce the creation of low-quality translations. For example, English Wikipedia requires users to be extended confirmed, which means they need to make 500 edits on English Wikipedia before they are allowed to publish a translation as an article. Newer editors can still publish translated articles in the  or   namespaces, and then move the article to the mainspace.

This restriction was created before the system of limits described in this page was available, and it is not the recommended approach to encourage the creation of good quality translations.

Before adding restrictions that do not take into account the content created, consider going through the process of adjusting the limits of unmodified content as described above. The limits can be made as strict as needed to prevent low-quality translations, while still allowing publication by editors making good translations.