Help:TemplateData/ja

拡張機能  でウィキテキスト テンプレートとそのパラメーターの情報を保存すると編集インターフェイスがそれを取得してテンプレート エディターに表示するため、そのテンプレートを使用したページの編集がしやすくなります.

2019年4月より TemplateData はウィキメディアのすべてのウィキに既定の UX (利用者体験) として組み込まれました. アカウントを登録していてもいなくても、参加するユーザーがテンプレートを追加すると適用されます. 既定のソース編集でもビジュアル編集でも、同じ適用法です. スクリプトやツール、ガジェットなどあらゆるところで活用されます. 自身のウィキで使用したい場合は、 をインストールする必要があります.

特定のテンプレートに TemplateData を組み込む手順は、本質的にテンプレートの説明文書のページに JSON の小さなコードブロックを追加します (詳細は下記の説明をご参照ください). 文字で書くと複雑そうですが、処理は思ったよりも簡単です. 実行する方法は主に2つあり、手動か TemplateData 編集機能を使うかです. 後者は 画像的な UI で、TemplateData 拡張機能を組み込んだウィキにある"Edit"/"Edit source" ページに配置してあります. JSON にはパラメーターの一覧が含まれ、テンプレートの個々のパラメーターの情報と、テンプレート本体の説明を添えてあります. 以下に概要を示します.

個別のテンプレートに TemplateData が設定されると、この情報は利用者がテンプレートを追加するたびユーザーインターフェースに表示され、ときには元の情報と置換され、あるいは既存の情報に追加されます. 場合により、そのせいでエディタの挙動を変化させることもあり、テンプレートの編集や追加の時に気がつきます. This can make it much easier for users to identify what they need to do with a template when adding it.

歴史
TemplateData was originally developed in early 2013 with in mind, which was in MediaWiki testing stages at the time. VisualEditor はウィキメディアのウィキ群で採用するメインの視覚的な編集インターファースで、TemplateData ではテンプレートの追加をするとき、より利便性の高いエディタとしてこれを容認しています. VisualEditor では即時に公式にサポートされました. 2013年から2016年にかけてさまざまなウィキメディアのウィキ群で VisualEditor wを既定の機能として導入した結果、TemplateData もその一環となりました.

2016年12月時点で VisualEditor インターフェースはベータ機能として、ソースコード編集に使えるようになりました. This was termed the 2017 wikitext editor. This brought the features of TemplateData to source editing for the first time.

In March 2018, Sam Wilson developed, a GUI template editor extension for the default Wikimedia source editor, (otherwise known as the 2010 wikitext editor), designed to make the process of adding templates easier by using information from TemplateData. In April 2019, TemplateWizard was made a default part of the 2010 wikitext editor on all Wikimedia wikis. これはすなわち、現状でウィキメディアのウィキ群における TemplateData は、ビジュアル編集でもソース編集でも規定の部分となったことを意味します.

Adding or editing TemplateData
To add or edit TemplateData, first navigate to a template's page, located at "/Template:Templatename".

Prior checks
There are two things you should check before adding or editing TemplateData, in the following order:


 * 1) whether the template has a documentation subpage
 * 1) whether the template already has TemplateData and whether this is located on the template page or the documentation subpage.

Checking for the documentation subpage

The first thing to do is identify whether the template has a subpage for its documentation or not.

There are two main ways templates on most Wikimedia wikis store their usage notes and other data that shouldn't be included in the actual template itself, like categories the template should be contained in:

This is a page located at the template's name followed by "/doc". In this case, on the main template page after the template source code, there is only the text " " between  tags. Here, the Documentation template transcludes all the /doc page's content onto the template page. This makes the template's source code look much cleaner. In this case, it is contained after " ", which is between  tags.
 * The vast majority use a documentation subpage.
 * A small minority keep the information on the template's main page, after its source code.

You can quickly identify whether a template has a /doc page by checking if the " Template documentation" (or similar) heading has links like "[view] [edit] [history] [purge]" after it. This may look slightly different on different wikis. ごくまれには、これらのボタンが表示されて /doc ページが作成済みなのに、メインのテンプレートページに説明文書が残る場合があります. This will happen if a user has added a custom /doc page title between " " and " " then added content after " ".

A slightly more reliable way to check is by looking for the notice, "The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Templatename/doc" (or similar), in the box at the bottom of the page.

If a template doesn't have a documentation subpage

If a template doesn't have a documentation subpage, you have two options:

After this, you can then add TemplateData to the documentation subpage. This is the preferred option.
 * You can either create it and move its documentation (if it has any) there.
 * Or, you can add or edit TemplateData on the main template page.

Creating the doc subpage and moving the documentation contents

On most Wikimedia wikis, you can only create a page if you are a registered user (and, at least on the English Wikipedia, have been for more than four days and have made at least ten edits).

To do this, click "Edit"/"Edit source" on the main template page, and look for the  tags and their contents, usually at the bottom.

It should look something like this:

It might also have TemplateData already. This will look something like:

Select everything after " " and before " ", cut it, then delete " ", so you are just left with:

Now, save the page.

Next, add "/doc" to the URL in the address bar after the template name, and press Enter. Then, click "Create source".

If your wiki has a Documentation subpage notice template, add it at the top. You may also want to add some other templates, like a Purge button or Purge link, if your wiki has it. 詳細はメタのヘルプをご参照ください.

Beneath this, paste the contents of the clipboard.

Next, enclose the categories within  tags. This is so that they don't have an effect on the doc subpage, only on the template's main page.

This will look like this:

Some wikis (including the English Wikipedia) have a template. Use this if the template can be expected to have a sandbox version, located at "Template:Templatename/sandbox". It will stop the categories from having an effect on the sandbox page.

This will look like this:

After this, click "Publish page".

You can now add or edit the TemplateData on the documentation subpage based on the guidance at.

Adding or editing TemplateData on the main template page

If you do not wish to or are unable to create the /doc page, you can add or edit TemplateData on the main template page. Follow the guidance at to do this.

If a template has a documentation subpage

If a template has a documentation subpage, you should now check whether it already has TemplateData and whether this is located on the template page or the documentation subpage.

Check both the template page and the /doc subpage for the presence of TemplateData documentation; this looks something like this:

{   "description": "", "params": { "1": {           "label": "Example parameter", "description": "Example parameter description", "type": "string" }   } }

Alternatively, the TemplateData extension can perform this check for you. Click "Edit" or "Edit source" on either page.

どちらかのページにテンプレートに対応する TemplateData がある場合、ページ上部に黄色の通知が現れ、内容は次のいずれかを表示します.


 * "Please note: there is already a TemplateData block on the related page "Template:Templatename/doc"", or


 * "Please note: there is already a TemplateData block on the related page "Template:Templatename""

If the template has TemplateData on its documentation subpage

If the template has TemplateData on its documentation subpage, this is the page you should edit. You can do this by clicking the "[edit]" located after the heading " Template documentation" (or similar), or, if you are already on the /doc page, by clicking "Edit" or "Edit source" at the top. Follow the guidance at to add or edit the TemplateData.

If the template has TemplateData on its main page

If the template has TemplateData on its main page, you once again have two options:


 * You can either move to its documentation subpage. This is the preferred option.
 * Or, you can edit it on the main template page.

Moving TemplateData to the documentation subpage

To do this, click "Edit"/"Edit source" on the main template page, and look for the  tags, enclosed within   tags. It should look something like this:

Cut only the  tags and their contents out of the code, then save the page.

Next, edit the documentation subpage by clicking the "[edit]" located after the heading " Template documentation" (or similar).

Type a heading, like "TemplateData", then beneath it paste the TemplateData.

You can now edit the TemplateData based on the guidance at.

Editing TemplateData on the main template page

If you do not wish to move the TemplateData to the /doc page, you can edit it on the main template page. 節に TemplateData の編集方法を示します.

If the template does not yet have TemplateData but has a doc subpage

If the template does not yet have TemplateData, you should add it to the documentation subpage.

Do this by clicking the "[edit]" located after the heading " Template documentation" (or similar), or, if you are already on the /doc page, by clicking "Edit" or "Edit source" at the top. Type a heading, like "TemplateData", then add it beneath this heading. The section explains how to add TemplateData.

TemplateData editor method
This is the simpler way to add or edit TemplateData, possible for inexperienced users.

TemplateData 拡張機能は画像で手順を示す UI を採用し、TemplateData の追加と編集を行います. It is part of the TemplateData extension. テンプレートデータ編集ツールを使用するには、テンプレートのページ (またはその解説下位ページ) を開き「編集」ボタンまたは「ソースを編集」ボタンを押します.

操作として「編集」「ソース編集」のいずれかを押すと、編集枠のページ名の上部にボタン「」が現れます.

このボタンをクリックするとTemplateData 編集機能が開きます. ページに既存のテンプレートデータがある場合、自動的に表示されます.

Features in the above window:


 * The top item is "Language". This item allows you to enter text content in multiple different languages, which will show depending on the language setting of the user in Preferences. It will not show depending on the language wiki, as different wikis have entirely different databases of templates. If no language TemplateData exists yet, only the language of the wiki the user is on will be available, but the user can click "Add language" to add more inputs. The language code will show in brackets next to the parameters for which it can be applied to. These include descriptions and labels.
 * The next item is the template description. This is the description of the template as a whole and is shown in various places to the user in the template editors while adding a template. This parameter and its effects are outlined here.
 * The third item is the wikitext formatting of the template. This parameter determines how the wikitext should be laid out when the user clicks "Insert", the two main types being "inline" (on one line) and "block" (on new lines). This parameter and its effects are outlined here.
 * If the user chooses "Custom", they will be able to enter a set of wikitext under "Custom format string", according to rules outlined here, to create a custom layout for the template when the user clicks "Insert".


 * 第4の項目は「テンプレートのパラメータ」です. これにはパラメータが存在する場合、TemplateData にすでに定義されたものを一覧します. もしテンプレートのソースコードに記述してあるのに TemplateData が未設定の場合、「提示されたパラメータを追加」というボタンが現れます. その提示はテンプレートのソースコードで  または   を検知したものを抽出した結果です. 「提示されたパラメータを追加」を押すと、それらにソースコードに定義された名称を命名して追加します. またページ上部に緑色の通知が現れます. 「2件の新しいパラメータをインポート：パラメータ名」.
 * At the bottom is "Add parameter". This allows you to add a parameter manually with a custom name.

The next stage is clicking any one of the parameters in the list. This will allow you to edit that parameter's info.



All of these features and their effects are outlined at #Within a parameter's name.

When you are finished, click "Apply". This will automatically insert the TemplateData at the bottom of the page before the tag; or, if it already exists, it will update it with the new information without changing its position at all. The TemplateData text will also be selected when you click "Apply".

The TemplateData editor creates a  parameter at the bottom of the TemplateData or updates it if it already exists. This contains the current TemplateData parameters in the order they were displayed in the TemplateData editor. You can change the paramOrder by dragging the parameters in different orders in the TemplateData editor using the three horizontal bars on the left. and its effects are outlined here.

After this, click "Save" to save the revision of the page.

Manual method
The alternative is to add or edit TemplateData manually. You may need or wish to do this in some cases. テンプレートデータの構造は JSON 標準に基づいているものの、利用者は JSON がわからなくても TemplateData を配置できます. It follows a few very simple rules and takes only a few dozen possible predefined parameters and values, almost always in a  format.

Adding TemplateData manually

Preconsiderations:


 * テンプレートの説明文書サブページにTemplateData を記入する場合、当該ページのどこに配置してもかまいません. ご利用の言語版で通例となる配置場所がないかどうかご確認ください. たとえばウィキペディア英語版だと、TemplateData の配置は通常、説明文書ページの最下部です. ドイツ語版ならページ最上部です.
 * テンプレートのメインページに TemplateData を追加する場合 (処理は避けるべき理由は#Prior checksをご参照)、きちんと タグで囲んだかどうか十分に留意する必要があります.

First, click "Edit" or "Edit source" on the respective page, then go to the position you are adding the TemplateData and write a heading like "TemplateData".

Many wikis (but not all) have a TemplateData header template, which adds a short notice about the TemplateData. If yours does, add this after the heading.

To start adding the TemplateData, type an opening and closing  tag and a pair of curly brackets on new lines, with an empty line between them:

Next, add an indent on the empty line between the two curly brackets, and start adding parameters. Details for the parameters can be found at. Most are optional, but some are highly recommended.

Parameters can be in any order, but the order that will best correlate with what shows in the TemplateData documentation and contribute to ease of use for editors is the following:

またパラメータの順序は、たとえば#Unexpected propertyオブジェクトがオブジェクト内に置かれたか確認し、エラーがあると保存時に「予期しないプロパティ」というメッセージが表示されます.

例

Here is some example TemplateData for a hypothetical cleanup template. The template would display a notice, and its source code would be programmed to place the page into a dated category based on the month and year entered. The notice could also contain a link to a talk page section, if specified. The TemplateData would look something like this:

The corresponding TemplateData documentation would display as the following:

{	"description": "Use this template to indicate that an article is in need of cleanup.", "format": "inline", "params": { "date": { "label": "Month and year", "description": "The month and year that the template was added", "type": "string", "autovalue": " ", "example": "January 2013", "suggested": true },		"reason": { "aliases": ["1"], "label": "Reason", "description": "The reason the article is in need of cleanup", "type": "string" },		"talk": { "aliases": ["talksection"], "label": "Talk page section", "description": "The section of the talk page containing relevant discussion", "type": "string" }	},	"paramOrder": [ "date", "reason", "talk" ] }

TemplateDataのパラメーター
Each parameter for TemplateData is listed below with a description and example. They are also listed at Extension:TemplateData#Format.

Within a parameter's name
Note: if neither "required", "suggested" nor "deprecated" are set as true for a parameter, its status will show as "optional" in the TemplateData documentation.

処理が終わったら、「保存」を押します. エラーがある場合には保存できません (一瞬、戸惑うかもしれませんが、破壊の予防になります). 自力でエラーを解決できないときは喜んでお手伝いしますので、フィードバック用のページに投稿して何をどうしたかったか説明をお願いします.

注記：ダイナミックなTemplateDataを作成するためにハックテンプレートの不正使用を試みようとする場合、保存前にエラーの検証はできない点にご注意ください.

注記：どの情報も半角の二重引用符で挟んであり (例外は  と  ) 、かたまりごとに半角カンマで区切る点に注意します (ならびの末尾を除く).

Type parameter
そのあとは パラメータの役割は、テンプレートエディタに、そのパラメータ値の解釈を伝えることです. In some cases, template editors have been programmed to modify the user interface for a certain parameter according to this TemplateData value, such as to only allow the user to enter valid values that match the specified type. このパラメータには、テンプレートのパラメータもしくはその設定値に影響する機能はありません. テンプレート編集者が編集モードでどう表示するか、パラメータをどう扱うか指定するのみです.

How to use

It is used by adding the  parameter, followed by a colon and a space, then adding any of the values listed in the table below in speech marks.

Example:

Effects

2020年2月時点でTemplateWizard が全13件の変数種別のうち8件を表示したのに対し、VisualEditor および2017年版ウィキ文エディタは5種のみでした.

The effects of certain values are likely to change as the template editors get updates to support them. One such effort for VisualEditor and the 2017 wikitext editor is tracked in the Phabricator task T55613. A similar effort to get TemplateWizard to support the boolean value is tracked in T200664.

The currently known effects are listed as follows.

特別な書式
When editing the  value, you create custom formats by inputting a set of wikitext symbols using some predefined rules.


 * - start of the template
 * - content (e.g., string, integer or parameter). This underscore serves to indicate the minimum length of a value in characters and can be repeated, like . If this length is not reached, it fills the remaining characters with spaces. This can be used to align all equals signs to a specific position after a parameter (if used with   for new lines).
 * - pipe (separates parameters)
 * - equals sign (precedes the value of a parameter)
 * or pressing the enter key - new line (this will display as  in the entry field)
 * - space (can be used with  to indent new lines)
 * - end of the template

The wikitext should at least meet the minimum of, otherwise there will be an invalid format string error.

ブランク定型
以下に示す値が空の定型を複写して使用すると、特定のテンプレートに新規にテンプレートデータを記入できます. タグは最も一般的なタグのみ提供してあります.

Syntax error in JSON / Bad JSON format
This error occurs if you attempt to save TemplateData that has certain types of invalid JSON code, such as duplicate keys (parameters) or trailing/missing commas, in VisualEditor or the 2017 wikitext editor (JavaScript-based editors).

"Syntax error in JSON" shows if you attempt to save such code in VisualEditor or the 2017 wikitext editor, while "Bad JSON format" shows if you attempt to open up such code in the TemplateData GUI editor, on template pages.

This error can come up quite frequently while editing a template's TemplateData. The most common mistakes that cause this error include excess commas (such as trailing commas), missing commas and missing quotation marks.


 * Examples of trailing commas:


 * Examples of missing commas:


 * Example of missing quotation marks:

To fix these errors, you can either look for the errors in the code yourself, or you can enter the JSON block into an external JSON validator, such as JSONLint, and it will highlight the problematic commas and keys that should be removed.

Due to a longstanding bug, users using the 2010 wikitext editor are able to save pages that have such invalid JSON (details: ), as the JavaScript parser is less strict and allows invalid JSON.

Required property "paramOrder(number)" not found.
This error occurs if you state a parameter in  that is not stated in. The number in the square brackets refers to the parameter in  that is missing. It refers to its order in the sequence, but it is one less than its actual position, since  is an array; 0 is the first one, 1 is the second, etc.

To fix this, make sure all parameters stated in  are listed in. Alternatively, you can remove the  object to remove this error.

Invalid value for property "paramOrder(number)".
This error occurs if you state a parameter in  that is not stated in. The number in the square brackets refers to the parameter in  that shouldn't be there. It refers to its order in the sequence, but it is one less than its actual position, since  is an array; 0 is the first one, 1 is the second, etc.

To fix this, make sure all parameters stated in  are listed in. Alternatively, you can remove the  object to remove this error.

Property "params.parametername.required" is expected to be of type "boolean".
This error occurs if you put quotation marks around the value of either  or.

These are boolean values, not strings, therefore they require no quotation marks. To fix this, remove any quotation marks around the values  or   for these parameters.

Property "format" is expected to be ...
もし  パラメータは存在するが設定値が   または   以外、あるいは書式ストリングが無効の場合、次のエラーメッセージが表示されます. 「プロパティの「書式」は「inline」「block」もしくは有効な書式の文字列にしてください」.

修正するには、 直後の設定値が   もしくは   と等しく、また文字のつづりに間違いがないことを確認します. 代わりの方法としてウィキ文であること、 は最少で、かつテンプレートの障害を防ぐため構文にエラーがないことを確かめ、とくに等号「=」が連続しないか大カッコ記号「 {」と「} 」のペアが崩れて片方だけ多い・足りない状態ではないかを確認します. カスタム書式の構文の詳細は#Custom formats節をご参照ください. Alternatively, you can remove the  parameter to remove this error.

Unexpected property "parametername".
This error occurs if you state a parameter that does not exist in TemplateData. This is probably due to spelling mistakes.

It also occurs if you state a parameter in any TemplateData object that is not a parameter of that object. This may be due to spelling mistakes, or you may have written the parameter of one TemplateData object under another object that it doesn't belong to.

For example, you might have written the parameter  under the root TemplateData object instead of inside  :

別の方法として、if the unexpected parameter is under a template parameter inside, 内のテンプレートのパラメータに想定外のパラメータが含まれる場合、名称はエラー内の"パラメーター. parametername." 配下に表示します.

To fix this, make sure there aren't any spelling mistakes in the parameter names, and make sure your parameters are in their correct location. Additionally, make sure you don't state any parameters that don't exist for a TemplateData object. You can check which parameters exist for an object in the section #TemplateData parameters.

Required property "params" not found.
This error occurs if there is no  object in the TemplateData. This is a necessary object, as it contains all the details of each parameter, so to fix this error, make sure it's added and that there are no spelling mistakes. パラメータの追加方法は、このページの前述の節をご参照ください.

制限とフィードバック

 * 不足している機能 – テンプレートデータをあえて機能を制限したツールのサンプルとして提供したのは、どんな機能を求めているか利用者に教えてもらうことで開発の支援をお願いできないかという考えがあるからです. テンプレートデータの新機能の提案がありましたら、ぜひお知らせください.
 * テンプレート表示が遅れる – テンプレートページへ TemplateData を追加後、ビジュアルエディターでテンプレートを開くと、メタデータがすぐに表示されるはずです. しかしながらメタデータの表示には数時間を要する可能性があります. 強制的に更新するには (説明文書の下位ページではなく) テンプレートページ自体に空編集をします. 空編集を行うテンプレートページを開き、「任意の変更を加えず編集要約欄は空欄のまま」ページを保存します.
 * 現在の問題 – 現在のバグや機能要求のリストはWikimedia バグトラッカーで利用可能です.

その他のツール

 * : ツールバーのダイアログウィンドウ. テンプレートデータから生成したフォームを使い、テンプレートにウィキテキストを記入するために使用.
 * TemplateData Wizard: テンプレートデータを生成するツール. インタラクティブなインターフェースを使用.
 * Skeleton TemplateData generator: テンプレートのソースウィキコードを解読するツール. 使用するすべてのパラメータ（引数）を検出し、値が空のドキュメントとパラメータの一覧を出力.
 * JSONLint: 手入力したJSONが正しいかどうか確認するツール. 構文エラーの発見に役立つ.
 * このウィキにあるテンプレートデータを備えたテンプレートの一覧
 * ドイツ語版ウィキペディアのテンプレートに備わったテンプレートデータでは、ボックス内にテンプレートのデータを表示. テンプレートはそのデータとともにドイツ語版ウィキペディアの特定のカテゴリに分類される
 * https://query.wikidata.org/ and Query Helper