Manual:Installing MediaWiki/de-formal

MediaWiki installiert sich selbst, indem es ein interaktives webbasiertes Installationsskript verwendet. Bevor Sie dieses Installationsskript starten können, müssen Sie einige Dinge erledigen. Versichern Sie sich, dass Sie Apache, PHP und MySQL installiert haben. Dann müssen Sie das MediaWiki-Softwarepaket herunterladen und die MediaWiki-Software auf Ihren Server hochladen. Sie müssen auch eine neue Datenbank für Ihr Wiki erstellen. Wenn erforderlich, richten Sie ein Konto auf Ihrem Webserver ein, indem Sie der Installationsanweisung folgen.

Die Installation von MediaWiki kann für den durchschnittlichen Computeranwender schwierig werden, der keine Erfahrung mit Apache, PHP und MySQL/MariaDB hat. Die meisten Anwender, die Wiki-Software nutzen möchten, profitieren von der Anwendung eines freien Wiki-Hosts (siehe auch Liste von Wiki-Hosts unter WikiBooks).

Herunterladen der MediaWiki-Software
Laden Sie MediaWiki von der offiziellen Download-Site oder über "Subversion" (Software zur Versionskontrolle) herunter.

Um MediaWiki, die neueste stabile Release-Version, auf einen *nix-Rechner herunterzuladen, können Sie den folgenden Befehl verwenden: wget https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki//mediawiki-.tar.gz Alternativ können Sie cURL benutzen.

curl -O https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki//mediawiki-.tar.gz

Die heruntergeladenen Dateien im Format  müssen Sie vor der Weiterbearbeitung entpacken. Entpacken Sie die Dateien lokal oder auf Ihrem Server. Unter Windows werden dafür gewöhnlich Programme wie 7-Zip (quelltextoffene Software), WinZip, WinRAR oder IZArc benutzt. Unter Linux und Mac OS X können Sie die Datei entpacken (untar), indem Sie folgenden Befehl anwenden:

tar xvzf mediawiki-*.tar.gz

{{Note|1=Wenn Sie das Archiv als  dekomprimieren, sollten Sie den Eigentümer der Dateien möglicherweise danach mit   file (it's the DocumentRoot directive, typically   or  ). Note: This changed in Ubuntu 14.04 with Apache 2.4.7 where the primary configuration file for Apache server settings and directories is.

If you are using a Linux or Unix server you can instead copy the files to any directory on your server and then make a symbolic link to that folder from your web server's web directory.

Rename the uploaded folder to whatever you would like to have in the URL. If your web server is running as  for example, renaming to   directory would mean you would access your wiki at. Do not use  if you want to use it as a Short URL. (And don't set up short URLs until you have run the installation script.)

{{Note|1=Note that in certain cases, like when a local repository is set-up using Git, on browsing to  the Linux server might show the "500 Internal server Error". This is possibly a permissions error which can be resolved on changing the file and directory permissions by running the following command in SSH after changing directory to "w":

}}

This (renamed) folder will now be referred as.

{{anchor|Create a database}}

Create a database
If you already have a database server and know the root password for it, the MediaWiki installation script can create a new database for you. If this is the case, you can skip to the Run the installation script section below. If you don't know the root password, for example if you are on a hosted server, you will have to create a new database now. Currently, you must use SQLite, MariaDB/MySQL or PostgreSQL to store the actual contents of your wiki. If you're unsure which database to chose, use MariaDB as it is the one best supported by MediaWiki.

SQLite
SQLite is a stand-alone database library that stores the database contents in a single file. If PHP has the  module, no further setup is required.

On the installation page, you will need to choose a database name (which can be anything) and the SQLite database directory. For the database directory, the installer will attempt to use a subdirectory outside of the document root and create it if needed. If this directory is not safe (for example, web-readable), change it manually to avoid making it accessible to everyone on the web.

MariaDB/MySQL
MediaWiki will ask you for database and user name and will attempt to create them if they don't already exist. If doing so from MediaWiki is impossible, you can do this using various control panels such as PhpMyAdmin, which are often available from shared hosts, or you may be able to use ssh to login to your host and type the commands into a MySQL prompt. See the corresponding documentation. Alternatively, contact your host provider to have them create an account for you.

If your database is not running on the same server as your web server, you need to give the appropriate web server hostname &mdash; mediawiki.example.com in the example below &mdash; as follows:

PostgreSQL
If you are using PostgreSQL, you will need to either have a database and user created for you, or simply supply the name of a PostgreSQL user with "superuser" privileges to the configuration form. Often, this is the database user named postgres.

Here's one way to do most of the setup. This is for a Unix-like system. In this example, we'll create a database named wikidb, owned by a user named wikiuser. From the command-line, as the postgres user, perform the following steps.

createuser -S -D -R -P -E wikiuser (then enter the password) createdb -O wikiuser wikidb

or as superuser (default postgres) execute the following commands at the database prompt:

CREATE USER wikiuser WITH NOCREATEDB NOCREATEROLE NOSUPERUSER ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'password'; CREATE DATABASE wikidb WITH OWNER wikiuser;

Beware of the list of known issues when running MediaWiki with PostgreSQL.

Run the installation script
Once all of the above steps are complete, you can complete the installation through a web browser by going to the index.php URL in your browser — check the instructions mentioned in.

The installation tool will prompt you to download the file, and to save this as.

Alternatively, you can run the command-line installer or CLI:  adding the appropriate configuration parameters.

Keep up to date!
Subscribe to our release announcements mailing list.

Once installed, make sure you stay up to date with releases, and keep your server secure!

Installation assistance

 * Read the FAQ about installation and configuration
 * Chat with MediaWiki developers, system administrators, and users:
 * The mediawiki-l mailing List is the high-traffic list on which to ask for support