Help:Images/it

Questa pagina descrive la sintassi per un'immagine quando si modifica il wiki. Di solito tu o un altro utente dovete caricare un'immagine prima di poterla usare in una pagina.

Le immagini che sono memorizzate su un server MediaWiki sono solitamente mostrate utilizzando il prefisso namespace  (ma anche il vecchio prefisso namespace   è ancora supportato come sinonimo) come destinazione per un link MediaWiki. Il prefisso namespace alternativo  è anche usato come riferimento al contenuto del file multimediale originale (per renderlo visibile o scaricarlo separatamente, fuori da una pagina MediaWiki).

Tipi di file supportati per le immagini
I seguenti formati di file sono supportati in maniera predefinita:


 * o  - immagini bitmap compresse nel formato JPEG standard (questo formato è a perdita di qualità ed è più adatto per fotografie).
 * * .png : immagini bitmap in formato Portable Network Graphics (specifica del W3 Consortium).
 * - * .gif : immagini bitmap nell'obsoleto formato Graphics Interchange Format.

Altri formati su Wikipedia, e comunemente abilitati da altre parti (questi potrebbero richiedere configurazioni ulteriori oltre a ciò che è abilitato in maniera predefinita):


 * - immagini scalabili nel formato Scalable Vector Graphics (specifica del W3 Consortium). Vedi Manuale:Amministrazione delle Immagini#SVG.
 * - Tagged image format. Spesso utilizzato in immagini di archivio ad alta risoluzione. Spesso utilizzato con.
 * ,,   - File multimediali Ogg (audio o video). Non è un formato immagine, ma è trattato in maniera similare. Spesso usato con
 * - documenti a più pagine nel formato Portable Document Format (inizialmente su specifiche di Adobe). Spesso usato insieme a
 * - documenti a più pagine nel formato "DejaVu" (molto spesso scansioni di libri). Vedi
 * Solo una singola pagina di un file  o   è mostrato alla volta.

Altri tipi di file potrebbero essere supportati, ma potrebbe non essere possibile mostrarli in linea.

Sintassi
La sintassi completa per mostrare un'immagine è:

dove le "opzioni" possono essere zero o più dei seguenti, separati dalle barre verticali (""|""):


 * Opzioni di formato: uno di border e/o frameless, frame, thumb (o thumbnail). Se sono presenti più opzioni, il rendering dell'immagine potrebbe essere inaspettato.
 * Controlla come l'immagine renderizzata è formattata e incorporata nel resto della pagina.


 * Opzioni di ridimensionamento: uno di
 * {larghezza}px — Ridimensiona l'immagine per adattarla all'interno della larghezza massima data in pixel, senza restrizioni sulla sua altezza. (È permesso un carattere di spazio vuoto tra il valore della larghezza e "px".)
 * x{altezza}px — Ridimensiona l'immagine per adattarla all'interno dell'altezza massima data in pixel, senza restrizioni sulla sua larghezza.
 * {larghezza}x{altezza}px — Ridimensiona l'immagine per adattarla all'interno della larghezza e dell'altezza massima data in pixel.
 * upright — Ridimensiona un'immagine per adattarla a dimensioni ragionevoli, secondo le preferenze dell'utente (adatto per immagini la cui altezza è maggiore della larghezza). Impostando  mostrerà l'immagine alla larghezza predefinita dell'utente.   mostrerà l'immagine al doppio della larghezza predefinita dell'utente.
 * L'immagine manterrà sempre il suo rapporto d'aspetto.
 * Immagini con tipi di supporto non-scalabili possono essere ridotti di dimensione, ma non incrementati; per esempio, le immagini bitmap non possono essere ingrandite.
 * L'impostazione  non richiede il simbolo di uguaglianza, ossia   funziona come.
 * Quando utilizzato senza un valore o un segno di uguale (per esempio, ), si porta di default a   (anche se   equivale a  ).
 * Se entrambi  e   sono presenti, il primo   sarà ignorato. Vedi  per i dettagli.
 * Se è presente un carattere di spazio vuota tra "upright" e il segno di uguale (per esempio ), o se il valore di "upright" contiene caratteri non numerici, il valore di   sarà ignorato). Vedi  per i dettagli.
 * La massima dimensione predefinita dipende dal "formato" e dalle dimensioni interne dell'immagine (a seconda del tipo di supporto).
 * L'opzione di allineamento orizzontale: uno di left, right, center, none. Se sono presenti più opzioni, solo il primo verrà utilizzato.
 * Controlla l'allineamento orizzontale (e gli stili in linea/a blocco o fluttuante) dell'immagine all'interno di un testo (senza valore predefinito).
 * L'opzione di allineamento verticale: uno di baseline, sub, super, top, text-top, middle, bottom, text-bottom.
 * Controlla l'allineamento verticale di un'immagine non fluttuante in linea con il testo prima o dopo l'immagine, e nello stesso blocco (l'allineamento verticale predefinito è middle).
 * Link option: one of
 * link={target} — Allows to change the target (to an arbitrary page title, or URL) of the generated link, activable on the rendered image surface; e.g.  renders as Example.jpg (external link), or   renders as Example.jpg (internal link).
 * link= (with an empty value) — (MediaWiki 1.14+) Displays an image without any activable link; e.g.   renders as Example.jpg.
 * If there is a space character between  and the equals sign, the link statement will be treated as a caption.
 * Including some HTML character equivalents, like  for , can cause the link statement to be treated as a caption (see T216003).

The default is the page language (defaults to project default language on most projects).
 * ! for MW 1.24 and lower: If you set  (empty), then no   will be rendered. (See T23454.)
 * Other specific options:
 * alt={alternative text} — (MediaWiki 1.14+) Defines the alternative text (maps to the HTML attribute  of the generated   element) of an image that will be rendered if either the referenced image cannot be downloaded and embedded, or if the support media must use the alternative description text (e.g. when using a Braille reader or with accessibility options set by the user in its browser).
 * If there is a space character between  and the equals sign, the alt statement will be treated as a caption.
 * page={number} — Renders the specified page number (currently only applicable when showing a .djvu or .pdf file).
 * class={html class} — (MediaWiki 1.20+) Defines classes (maps to the HTML attribute  of the generated   element).
 * lang={language code} — (MediaWiki 1.22+) For SVG files containing &lt;switch&gt; statements varying on a systemLanguage attribute, selects what language to render the file in.

If a parameter does not match any of the other possibilities, it is assumed to be the caption text. If more than one non-parameter string is present, the final non-parameter string will be used as the caption. Caption text shows below the image in thumb and frame formats, or as tooltip text in any other format. Caption text displayed in the thumb and frame formats may contain wiki links and other formatting. MediaWiki extensions can add additional options.

If 'alt' is not specified and a caption is provided, the alternative text will be created automatically from the caption, stripped of formatting, except when in thumb or frame mode since the caption is already readable by screen readers in that case.

Format
The following table shows the effect of all available formats.

When the height of an image in thumbnail is bigger than its width (i.e. in portrait orientation rather than landscape) and you find it too large, you may try the option, where N is the image's aspect ratio (its width divided by its height, defaulting to 0.75). The alternative is to specify the desired maximum height (in pixels) explicitly.

Note that by writing, you can use a different image for the thumbnail.

Size and frame
Among different formats, the effect of the size parameter may be different, as shown below.


 * For how it appears when its size is not specified, see Format section above.
 * When the format is not specified, or only ed, the size can be both reduced and enlarged to any specified size.
 * In the examples below, the original size of the image is 400 × 267 pixels.
 * An image with  always ignores the size specification, the original image will be reduced if it exceeds the maximum size defined in user preferences.
 * The size of an image with  or   can be reduced, but cannot be enlarged beyond the original size of the image.

Horizontal alignment
Note that when using the  or   formats, the default horizontal alignment will be.

Vertical alignment
The vertical alignment options take effect only if the image is rendered as an inline element and is not floating. They alter the way the inlined image will be vertically aligned with the text present in the same block before and/or after this image on the same rendered row.

Note that the rendered line of text where inline images are inserted (and the lines of text rendered after the current one) may be moved down (this will increase the line-height conditionally by additional line spacing, just as it may occur with spans of text with variable font sizes, or with superscripts and subscripts) to allow the image height to be fully displayed with this alignment constraint.



To show the alignment result more clearly, the text spans are overlined and underlined, the font-size is increased to 200%, and the paragraph block is outlined with a thin border; additionally images of different sizes are aligned:

 text top: text

 text text-top: text

 text super: text

 text baseline: text

 text sub: text

 text default: text

 text middle: text

 text text-bottom: text

 text bottom: text

Notes:

When the image alignment constrains the image to grow above or below the normal line-spacing, and the image is not absolutely positioned, the image will cause the "top" and "bottom" positions to be adjusted (just like superscripts and subscripts), so the effective line-height between rendered lines of text will be higher.
 * 1) The "middle" vertical alignment position of the image (which is also the default) usually refers to the middle between the x-height and the baseline of the text (on which the vertical middle of the image will be aligned, and on which usually the text may be overstroke), but not to the middle of the line-height of the font-height that refers to the space between the "text-top" and "text-bottom" positions ; the font-height excludes:
 * 1) * the additional line separation spacing normally divided equally into two line-margins (here 0.5em, according to line-height set to 200%) above and below the font-height).
 * 1) * the additional line spacing which may be added by superscripts and subscripts.
 * 1) However, if the image height causes its top or bottom position to go above or below the normal full line-height of text, the middle position will be adjusted after the increasing the top and/or bottom line-margins so that the image can fit and align properly, and all images (including those with smaller heights) will be vertically centered on the adjusted middle position (for computing the effective line-height, the text of each rendered row with the larger font-height will be considered).
 * 1) The "text-top" and "text-bottom" alignment positions also excludes the extra line spacing added by superscripts and subscripts, but not the additional line-spacing defined by the line-height.
 * 1) The "top" and "bottom" alignment positions take into account all these extra line spacings (including superscripts and subscripts, if they are present in a rendered line span).
 * 1) The "underline", "overline" and "overstrike" text-decoration positions should be somewhere within these two limits and may depend on the type and height of fonts used (the superscript and subscript styles may be taken into account in some browsers, but usually these styles are ignored and the position of these decorations may not be adjusted); so these decorations normally don't affect the vertical position of images, relatively to the text.

Stopping the text flow
On occasion it is desirable to stop text (or other inline non-floating images) from flowing around a floating image. Depending on the web browser's screen resolution and such, text flow on the right side of an image may cause a section header (for instance, == My Header == ) to appear to the right of the image, instead of below it, as a user may expect. The text flow can be stopped by placing   (or if you prefer,  ) before the text that should start below the floating image. (This may also be done without an empty line by wrapping the section with the floating images with …, which clears all floats inside the   element.)

All images rendered as blocks (including non-floating centered images, left- or right-floating images, as well as framed or thumbnailed floating images) are implicitly breaking the surrounding lines of text (terminating the current block of text before the image, and creating a new paragraph for the text after them). They will then stack vertically along their left or right alignment margin (or along the center line between these margins for centered images).

Altering the default link target
The following table shows how to alter the link target (whose default is the image description page) or how to remove it. Changing the link does not alter the format described in the previous sections.

 Warning :
 * The licencing requirements on your wiki may not allow you to remove all links to the description page that displays the required authors attributions, the copyrights statements, the applicable licencing terms, or a more complete description of the rendered image (including its history of modifications).
 * If you change or remove the target link of an image, you will then have to provide somewhere else on your page an explicit link to this description page, or to display the copyright and author statement and a link to the applicable licence, if they are different from the elements applicable to the embedding page itself.
 * Your wiki policy may restrict the use of the alternate link parameter, or may even enforce a prohibition of alternate link parameters for embedded media files (in which case, the link parameter will be ignored), or may only accept them after validation by authorized users or administrators.

Gallery syntax
It's easy to make a gallery of thumbnails with the tag. The syntax is:

Mode parameter
Starting in 1.22 a  parameter is available, taking options as follows:

The rows in this responsive mode organize themselves according to the width of the screen.
 * is the original gallery type used by MediaWiki.
 * is similar to, but with no border lines.
 * causes images to have the same height but different widths, with little space between the images.
 * shows the caption overlaid on the image, in a semi-transparent white box.
 * is similar to, but with the caption and box only showing up on hover.
 * creates a slideshow of the images.

Per esempio:

Gives (mode: ):

Optional gallery attributes
The gallery tag itself takes several additional parameters, specified as attribute name-value pairs:

Row of images that will wrap to browser width
One way that works for a row of images with varying widths is not to use "thumb" or "left" or "none". If "thumb" is not used (and thus no captions) a row of images will wrap to the browser width. If necessary, narrow the browser window to see the images wrap to the next row.





To wrap images of varying widths with captions it is necessary to use div HTML for an unordered list. Along with. For more info and ideas see: Give Floats the Flick in CSS Layouts.

        </li>  </li>  </li>  </li>  </li> </ul>

To align the top edge of images add the vertical-align command

<ul>  </li>  </li>  </li>  </li>  </li>  </li>  </li>  </li> </ul>

Some wiki farms do not have all gallery options (such as "widths"). Also, sometimes one wants varying widths for images in a row. Outside of a gallery, or the div HTML, it is impossible to have individual captions for images in a row of images that will wrap to the browser width. Try it and see. Nothing else using wikitext works correctly. Images will either overlap stuff on the right, or force a horizontal scroll bar.

Using a left float ("left") for some images, combined with "none" for some of the images, will not work consistently either, especially if there is also a right sidebar of images. Weird things will occur. At narrower browser or screen widths an image out of the row may appear far down the page after the end of the right sidebar of images.

Link behavior
By default an image links to its file description page. The "link=" option modifies this behavior to link to another page or website, or to turn off the image's linking behavior.

Alternatively, you can create a text link to a file description page or to the file itself. Vedi.

Mostra l'immagine, collegala ad un'altra pagina o sito web
Use "link=" option to link image to another page or website:

Clicking on the below image will take you to MediaWiki:





Clicking on the below image will take you to example.com:





Display image, turn off link
Use "link=" option with no value assigned to turn link off entirely; the below image is not a link:





Link ad un'immagine
Add  as a prefix to the link you need to create.

File:Wiki.png File:Wiki.png Wiki Wiki

Link diretto ad un'immagine
The above examples link to the image's description page. To directly link to an image, the pseudo-namespace  can be used on MediaWiki pages:

[[Media:Wiki.png]]

Link diretti da siti esterni
Another possibility is to use the Special:Redirect/file page (or its alias Special:Filepath). Unlike the above example, you can link to it from external websites as well as from MediaWiki pages.

The parameters  and   can also be added to return a specific size of the image. The image aspect ratio is always preserved.

Obtaining the full URL of an image
To obtain the full path of an image (without going through redirects as shown above), some can be used.

Diventa:



In the event that this is used from a template where the  namespace needs to be removed,   can do so:

Diventa:



Requisiti
Before using images in your page, the system administrator of your wiki must have enabled file uploads and a user has to upload the file. System administrators may also set the wiki to accept files from foreign repositories, such as the Wikimedia Commons. For server side image resizing it is necessary to have a scaler configured (such as GD2, ImageMagick, etc.).

Files at other websites
You can link to an external file available online using the same syntax used for linking to an external web page. With these syntaxes, the image will not be rendered, but only the text of the link to this image will be displayed.



Or with a different displayed text:

link text here

Additional MediaWiki markup or HTML/CSS formatting (for inline elements) is permitted in this displayed text (with the exception of embedded links that would break the surrounding link):

Example  rich   link text  here.

which renders as: [http://www.example.com/some/image.png Example  rich   link text  here. ]

If it is enabled on your wiki (see ), you can also embed external images. To do that, simply insert the image's URL: http://url.for/some/image.png Embedded images can be resized by the CSS  property. They also may be formatted by surrounding MediaWiki markup or HTML/CSS code.

If this wiki option is not enabled, the image will not be embedded but rendered as a textual link to the external site, just like above, unless the site's has a value.

Vedi anche

 * Wikipedia:Extended image syntax
 * Category:Wikipedia image help
 * Wikipedia:Picture tutorial
 * w:Help:Gallery tag
 * T113101 - responsive issues
 * T113101 - responsive issues