Help:Extension:Translate/ja



Translate 拡張機能は、翻訳作業を行うのに必要不可欠な機能で MediaWiki を強化します. Translatewiki.net で使われているように、コンテンツページやウィキのインターフェース、さらには他のソフトウェア製品までもの翻訳に使うことができます. Translate 拡張機能は使いやすい翻訳インターフェースを備えています. また、コンテンツを扱いやすい単位に分けることによって翻訳者に翻訳可能な文章のみを表示し、翻訳が必要な文章コンテンツからコンテンツ構造を分割することができます. それぞれの単位の修正は自動的に記録され、翻訳者は特定のページにおいてあるいは wiki 全体にわたって更新が必要なものは何かを速やかに見ることができます.

Translate 拡張機能は、translatewiki.net で、MediaWiki やその他のプロジェクトのユーザー インターフェイスを翻訳するために使用されています. translatewiki.net では毎月、何百人もの人たちが翻訳をしています. userbase.kde.org では、何千もの説明文書ページ本文を翻訳するために使用されています. Translate 拡張機能は簡単に使用できますが、大規模なプロジェクトにも適用でき、高度な報告、査読、ワークフローの各機能も提供します.

特徴


Interface: The main feature of the Translate extension is a simple yet functional translation interface. Besides the essential information like message definition and documentation, you can also view translations in other languages. If a definition has changed, you will see the changes. The extension comes with some built-in checks, that can help with common mistakes like unbalanced brackets and unused variables. Depending on the configuration, there are also suggestions from translation memory and machine translation services like those of Google Translate, Microsoft's Bing Translator and Apertium.

The usability of the translation interface is enhanced with JavaScript and AJAX. The backend provides WebAPIs than can be used in mobile interfaces or interfaces tailored to specific kind of content. It is also possible to export messages for translation in other off-line and on-line tools that accept the Gettext po file format.

メッセージ群とタスク: 機能の大部分は以下の2つの基本的な概念に基づいています: メッセージ群とタスク

A message group represents a collection of messages. One content page would be one message group, where, in the simplest form, each paragraph would be one message in that group. Messages used in each MediaWiki extension form a message group on translatewiki.net – a few of the largest extensions have multiple groups. You can also make a group of groups, like All newsletters or All Translate extension messages. Many of the statistics and the tasks work on the message group basis.

The tasks, or in other words different listings of messages in a message group, facilitate different use cases. Normally a translator gets a list of all untranslated messages in a chosen message group, but there are tasks where you can review messages or just get a list of all messages, translated or not.



Reporting and statistics: The extension has extensive reporting features ranging from a view of untranslated messages across all message groups in a given language to lists of translators per language with their activity level.

Content translation: If you have ever tried to translate content in MediaWiki without any tools, you know it does not scale. The translated versions get out of date and there is no way to track changes to the master page, so there are many half-translated and outdated translations without a clear overview of the overall status. Translators often feel discouraged when they can not work with small manageable pieces of text. Translators don't find what to work on or what needs updating. The users also get confused by outdated information.

This is all solved with the Translate extension and its page translation feature. It adds a bit of overhead to the pages that need translation, but the benefits far outweigh this. Essentially you only need to mark the parts of the page that need translation. The extension then splits such parts into paragraph sized units and creates a message group for them. After that translators can use all the features described above. In addition you can easily add a language bar with the tag or have links automatically go to the user's preferred language version (only) when it exists, by using links of the form Special:MyLanguage/Pagename.

For more information see the tutorial How to set up a content page for translation and the in-depth documentation of the page translation feature.

開発者: この拡張機能は、よく使用される多くの翻訳ファイル形式への対応機能を内蔵しています. Java プロパティ形式や Gettext po ファイルなどです. 翻訳を効率的に取り込み/書き出しするための、ウィキ内とコマンド ラインの両方で使用できるツール群も含んでいます.

使用事例
Translate 拡張機能を使用すれば、ほとんどすべてのものを翻訳できます. もちろん映画の字幕のような特定の種類のコンテンツの翻訳に特化したツールはありますが（そのような翻訳は、それらのツールを使うことでよりうまく行えます）、一般に「Translate」は、ひとつの単語からひとつの大きな段落にわたる長さのメッセージに分割できるようなあらゆる種類の文章で、とてもよく機能します. メッセージが長くなるにつれ、翻訳しにくくなり連携作業は実に難しくなります.

The three primary use cases that the Translate extension supports are content translation, local interface translation and software translation. All of them are covered in the following sections, with links to tutorials and to reference documentation or in-depth topical help where available. Of the three use cases the interface translation has been utilized the least.

コンテンツの翻訳


Most wikis have content they would like to be available in multiple languages. Whether just a few or hundreds of pages, it doesn't matter. In order to prevent wasting translator's time, pages should be marked for translation only when they are reasonably stable. Each change that is made afterwards can affect tens or hundreds of old translations, and the time needed to update them adds up. Especially with volunteer translators, you should be aware of this aspect, and respect the time they spend making translations and updates, avoiding unnecessary work. If you use the Translate extension to translate pages, you are already well on your way to using the translator time available in the most effective and efficient way.

The way the Translate extension splits up a page into paragraph sized units does not leave too much freedom for translators to change the content. This is usually a good thing and is ideal where continuity and consistency of content across languages is desired. It can be worked around, but in principle this way of doing translations is not generally suitable, for example, for Wikipedia articles, which usually are totally independent of each other. Even if they originally start as a translation from a different language, they usually begin living their own independent life from the original version. With Translate, the original page is always the main version, and new content cannot be developed in translated versions.

With these limitations in mind there are still plenty of cases where this feature is a perfect match. Most, if not all, user documentation falls into this category as well as news-like content that does not change once written. If you have the Translate extension already installed and access rights configured, try creating a page and wrapping the whole text inside  and follow the links, or follow the tutorial How to prepare a page for translation.

多言語ウィキでのローカルインターフェイスの翻訳
One thing almost every wiki has customized is the sidebar. It is possible to create a message group for the custom sidebar messages and also for other local interface customisations.

One interesting expansion is the multilingual pages or templates built with the magic word. The translatewiki.net main page and some Wikimedia Commons templates are good examples of this. The magic word is an alternative to the content translation feature and it is more suitable to mark-up heavy pages just like the translatewiki.net main page. Another nice feature is that the language of the page automatically follows the user interface language, so there is no need for a language bar, although you might want to have an interface language selector instead.

Setting this up is currently a bit more complicated than content translation and needs software configuration, but it is all covered in the tutorial How to make an interface message group.

ソフトウェアの翻訳
The Translate extension is a good fit for translating software interface messages. At translatewiki.net, it is used to translate tens of software products from games to web applications. The Translate extension supports reading and updating translations from and to common formats used in web development including Java properties, Gettext and Yaml files.

Change tracking is also available for externally tracked files, because internally the extension uses a cached derivative version of the localisation files where the source text and its translations are stored, instead of using them directly in their original format. Translation administrators can either use the web interface or a command line interface to check new message definitions and "fuzzy" (request update of) translations when they need updating. This works regardless of the underlying file format or version control system (if any).

With simple command line tools, translation administrators can easily import even a large set of existing translations and with just one command they can export all translations in the correct format and in the correct directory structure. You can export directly to your VCS repository checkout, where you can easily commit changes and new files.

翻訳者と翻訳管理者向け

 * 翻訳方法 [チュートリアル]
 * Translation best practices
 * 統計と報告
 * 品質保証
 * メッセージ群の状態
 * オフライン翻訳
 * [進行中] 用語集

翻訳管理者向け

 * 翻訳するページの準備方法 [チュートリアル]
 * ページ翻訳の管理
 * インターフェイスのメッセージ群 (地域化されたサイドバー、メインページ、テンプレート) [チュートリアル]
 * [進行中] メッセージ群の保守
 * YAML 設定形式
 * ファイル ベースのメッセージ群用に YAML 設定を書く方法 [チュートリアル]

開発者向けの参考文献

 * インストール and 設定の構成; MediaWiki Language Extension Bundle should be enough in most cases.
 * [進行中] Translate explained for developers
 * フック
 * [進行中] メッセージ群
 * [進行中] ファイル形式対応
 * 翻訳支援
 * [未執筆] Web API
 * Insertables
 * 翻訳メモリ

関連

 * Translation notifications
 * Localisation/Tutorial: General localisation tutorial for developers, for use at hackathons & trainings
 * Extension:TranslateSvg: Adds support for translating SVG files
 * Universal Language Selector: Provides webfonts and input methods

ToDo

 * メタウィキでの実装: m:Meta:Translate extension
 * 特定のタスクについては translate-doc を参照してください.