MediaWiki-Vagrant/Advanced usage

Setting up access to gerrit
The vagrant installation on your computer (the host) is mounted as /vagrant on the vagrant box. So when you make changes to its mediawiki subdirectory on your host computer, the changes will appear on the vagrant box in /vagrant/mediawiki.

This is only a potentially incomplete gross sketch, needing review. Assuming: On a terminal or command shell go to the directory, where your vagrantfile is located, and type: You should get a shell on the virtual machine. You should be prompted for your passphrase. enter it.
 * You have an account in gerrit.
 * Your public key is known to gerrit.
 * Your private key is stored in ~/.ssh/id_rsa in the virtual machine.
 * vagrant ssh
 * 
 * git remote add gerrit ssh://your-username@gerrit.wikimedia.org:29418/mediawiki/core.git
 * ssh-agent bash = Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons = From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia {| class="wikitable" | |If you are concerned about the accuracy or appropriateness of biographical material on Wikipedia, report problems at the biographies of living persons noticeboard. For articles about yourself, please see "Dealing with articles about yourself" below.</tt> |Shortcuts:</tt>
 * WP:ALIVE</tt>
 * WP:BLP</tt>
 * WP:LIVE</tt> |} {| class="wikitable" | |This page documents an English Wikipedia policy, a widely accepted standard that all editors should normally follow. Changes made to it should reflect consensus.</tt> |} {| class="wikitable" | |This page in a nutshell: Material about living persons added to any Wikipedia page must be written with the greatest care and attention to verifiability, neutrality, and avoidance of original research.</tt> |} Find this page confusing? Just use this link to ask for help on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!</tt>If you have a complaint about a biography of a living person, and you wish to contact the Wikimedia Foundation, see Contact us.</tt>Editors must take particular care when adding information about living persons to anyWikipedia page. Such material requires a high degree of sensitivity, and must adhere strictly to all applicable laws in the United States, to this policy, and to Wikipedia's three core content policies:</tt>
 * Neutral point of view (NPOV)</tt>
 * Verifiability (V)</tt>
 * No original research (NOR)</tt> We must get the article right. Be very firm about the use of high-quality sources. All quotations and any material challenged or likely to be challenged must be supported by an inline citation to a reliable, published source. Contentious material about living persons (or, in some cases, recently deceased) that is unsourced or poorly sourced—whether the material is negative, positive, neutral, or just questionable—should be removed immediately and without waiting for discussion. Users who persistently or egregiously violate this policy may be blocked from editing.</tt> Biographies of living persons ("BLPs") must be written conservatively and with regard for the subject's privacy. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not a tabloid: it is not Wikipedia's job to be sensationalist, or to be the primary vehicle for the spread of titillating claims about people's lives; the possibility of harm to living subjects must always be considered when exercising editorial judgment. This policy applies to any living person mentioned in a BLP, whether or not that person is the subject of the article, and to material about living persons in other articles and on other pages, including talk pages. The burden of evidence rests with the editor who adds or restores material.</tt> {| class="wikitable" !Core content policies</tt> |- |
 * <tt>Neutral point of view</tt>
 * <tt>No original research</tt>
 * <tt>Verifiability</tt> |- !<tt>Other content policies</tt> |- |
 * <tt>Article titles</tt>
 * <tt>Biographies of living persons</tt>
 * <tt>Image use policy</tt>
 * <tt>What Wikipedia is not</tt> |- |
 * <tt> v </tt>
 * <tt> t </tt>
 * <tt> e </tt> |} == <tt>Contents</tt> ==  <tt>null show</tt>   == <tt>Writing style</tt> == <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPSTYLE</tt> === <tt>Tone</tt> === <tt>BLPs should be written responsibly, cautiously, and in a dispassionate tone, avoiding both understatement and overstatement. Articles should document in a non-partisan manner what reliable secondary sources have published about the subjects, and in some circumstances what the subjects have published about themselves. BLPs should not have trivia sections.</tt>  === <tt>Balance</tt> === <tt>Further information: COATRACK</tt>  <tt>Criticism and praise should be included if they can be sourced to reliable secondary sources, so long as the material is presented responsibly, conservatively, and in a disinterested tone. Do not give disproportionate space to particular viewpoints; the views of tiny minorities should not be included at all. Care must be taken with article structure to ensure the overall presentation and section headings are broadly neutral. Beware of claims that rely on guilt by association, and biased, malicious or overly promotional content.</tt>  <tt>The idea expressed in WP:Eventualism—that every Wikipedia article is a work in progress, and that it is therefore okay for an article to be temporarily unbalanced because it will eventually be brought into shape—does not apply to biographies. Given their potential impact on biography subjects' lives, biographies must be fair to their subjects at all times.</tt>  === <tt>Attack pages</tt> === <tt>Further information: Attack pages and Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion §</tt>   = <tt>Lucifer</tt> = <tt>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</tt>  <tt>This article is about the religious figure. For other uses, see Lucifer (disambiguation).</tt>  <tt>See also: Satan</tt>  <tt>Lucifer (/ˈluːsɪfər/; loo-sif-ər) is the King James Version rendering of the Hebrew word הֵילֵל in Isaiah (Isaiah 14:12). The Vulgate translation uses the Latin word lucifer, but with a lower-case initial, The Hebrew word, transliterated Hêlêl or Heylel (pron. as HAY-lale), occurs once in the Hebrew Bible and according to the KJV-based Strong's Concordance means "shining one, light-bearer". The Septuagint renders הֵילֵל in Greek as ἑωσφόρος (heōsphoros), a name, literally "bringer of dawn", for the morning star. The word Luciferis taken from the Latin Vulgate, which translates הֵילֵל as lucifer,meaning "the morning star, the planet Venus", or, as an adjective, "light-bringing".</tt>  <tt>Later Christian tradition came to use the Latin word for "morning star", lucifer, as a proper name ("Lucifer") for the devil; as he was before his fall. As a result, "'Lucifer' has become a by-word for Satan / the Devil in the church and in popular literature", as in Dante Alighieri's Inferno, Joost van den Vondel's Lucifer and John Milton's Paradise Lost.However, the Latin word never came to be used almost exclusively, as in English, in this way, and was applied to others also, including Jesus.The image of a morning star fallen from the sky is generally believed among scholars to have a parallel in Canaanite mythology.</tt>  <tt>However, according to both Christian and Jewish exegesis, in the Book of Isaiah, chapter 14, the King of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II, conqueror of Jerusalem, is condemned in a prophetic vision by the prophet Isaiah and is called the "Morning Star" (planet Venus). In this chapter the Hebrew text says הֵילֵל בֶּן-שָׁחַר (Helel ben Shachar, "shining one, son of the morning"). "Helel ben Shahar" may refer to the Morning Star, but the text in Isaiah 14 gives no indication that Helel was a star or planet.</tt>  == <tt>Contents</tt> ==  <tt>[[null hide]]</tt>
 * <tt>1Etymology</tt>
 * <tt>2Mythology</tt>
 * <tt>3Literal meaning</tt>
 * <tt>4Latin</tt>
 * <tt>5Apocrypha and pseudepigrapha</tt>
 * <tt>6Christianity</tt>
 * <tt>6.1Lucifer as Satan or the devil</tt>
 * <tt>7Islam</tt>
 * <tt>8Anthroposophy</tt>
 * <tt>9Occultism</tt>
 * <tt>10Taxil's hoax</tt>
 * <tt>11Gallery</tt>
 * <tt>12See also</tt>
 * <tt>13References</tt>
 * <tt>14Further reading</tt>
 * <tt>15External links</tt> == <tt>Etymology[edit]</tt> == <tt>Illustration of Lucifer in the first fully illustrated print edition of Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy. Woodcut for Inferno, canto 33. Pietro di Piasi, Venice, 1491.</tt><tt>Translation of הֵילֵל as "Lucifer", as in the King James Version, has been abandoned in modern English translations of Isaiah 14:12. Present-day translations have "morning star" (New International Version, New Century Version, New American Standard Bible, Good News Translation, Holman Christian Standard Bible, Contemporary English Version, Common English Bible, Complete Jewish Bible), "daystar" (New Jerusalem Bible, English Standard Version, The Message, "Day Star" New Revised Standard Version), "shining one" (New Life Version, New World Translation, JPS Tanakh) or "shining star" (New Living Translation).</tt>  <tt>The term appears in the context of an oracle against a dead king of Babylon, who is addressed as הילל בן שחר (Hêlêl ben Šāḥar),rendered by the King James Version as "O Lucifer, son of the morning!" and by others as "morning star, son of the dawn".</tt>  <tt>In a modern translation from the original Hebrew, the passage in which the phrase "Lucifer" or "morning star" occurs begins with the statement: "On the day the Lord gives you relief from your suffering and turmoil and from the harsh labour forced on you, you will take up this taunt against the king of Babylon: How the oppressor has come to an end! How his fury has ended!" After describing the death of the king, the taunt continues:</tt>
 * <tt>"How you have fallen from heaven, morning star, son of the dawn! You have been cast down to the earth, you who once laid low the nations! You said in your heart, 'I will ascend to the heavens; I will raise my throne above the stars of God; I will sit enthroned on the mount of assembly, on the utmost heights of Mount Zaphon. I will ascend above the tops of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High.' But you are brought down to the realm of the dead, to the depths of the pit. Those who see you stare at you, they ponder your fate: 'Is this the man who shook the earth and made kingdoms tremble, the man who made the world a wilderness, who overthrew its cities and would not let his captives go home?'"</tt> <tt>J. Carl Laney has pointed out that in the final verses here quoted, the king of Babylon is described not as a god or an angel but as a man; and that man may have been not Nebuchadnezzar II, but rather his son, Balthazar. During the trito Isaiah period of the Persian sacking of the Babylonian empire, Nebuchadnezzar was gripped by a spiritual fervor to build a temple to the moon God Sin (possibly analogous with Hubal, the primary God of pre Islamic Mecca), and his son ruled as regent. The abrahamic scriptural texts could be interpreted as a weak usurping of true kingly power, and a taunt at the failed regency of Balthazar.</tt> <tt>For the unnamed "king of Babylon" a wide range of identifications have been proposed. They include a Babylonian ruler of the prophet Isaiah's own time the later Nebuchadnezzar II, under whom the Babylonian captivity of the Jews began, or Nabonidus, and the Assyrian kings Tiglath-Pileser, Sargon II and Sennacherib. Herbert Wolf held that the "king of Babylon" was not a specific ruler but a generic representation of the whole line of rulers.</tt>  == <tt>Mythology[edit]</tt> == <tt>In ancient Canaanite mythology, the morning star is pictured as a god, Attar, who attempted to occupy the throne of Ba'al and, finding he was unable to do so, descended and ruled the underworld. The original myth may have been about a lesser god Helel trying to dethrone the Canaanite high god El who lived on a mountain to the north.Hermann Gunkel's reconstruction of the myth told of a mighty warrior called Hêlal, whose ambition it was to ascend higher than all the other stellar divinities, but who had to descend to the depths; it thus portrayed as a battle the process by which the bright morning star fails to reach the highest point in the sky before being faded out by the rising sun.</tt><tt>Planet Venus rising above the horizon at dawn</tt><tt>Similarities have been noted with the East Semitic story of Ishtar's or Inanna's descent into the underworld, Ishtar and Inanna being associated with the planet Venus. A connection has been seen also with the Babylonian myth of Etana. The Jewish Encyclopedia comments:</tt>
 * <tt>"The brilliancy of the morning star, which eclipses all other stars, but is not seen during the night, may easily have given rise to a myth such as was told of Ethana and Zu: he was led by his pride to strive for the highest seat among the star-gods on the northern mountain of the gods ... but was hurled down by the supreme ruler of the Babylonian Olympus."</tt> <tt>The Greek myth of Phaethon, whose name, like that of הֵילֵל, means "Shining One", has also been seen as similar.</tt> <tt>The Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible points out that no evidence has been found of any Canaanite myth of a god being thrown from heaven, as in Isaiah 14:12. It concludes that the closest parallels with Isaiah's description of the king of Babylon as a fallen morning star cast down from heaven are to be found not in any lost Canaanite and other myths but in traditional ideas of the Jewish people themselves, echoed in the Biblical account of the fall of Adam and Eve, cast out of God's presence for wishing to be as God, and the picture in Psalm 82 of the "gods" and "sons of the Most High" destined to die and fall. This Jewish tradition has echoes also in Jewish pseudepigrapha such as 2 Enoch and the Life of Adam and Eve.</tt>  == <tt>Literal meaning[edit]</tt> == <tt>See also: Satan in Judaism</tt>  <tt>The Hebrew words הֵילֵל בֶּן-שָׁחַר (Helel ben Shaḥar, "day-star, son of the morning") in Isaiah 14:12 are part of a prophetic vision against an oppressive king of Babylon. Jewish exegesis of Isaiah 14:12–15 identified the king of Babylon as Nebuchadnezzar II. Verse 20 says that this king of Babylon will not be "joined with them [all the kings of the nations] in burial, because thou hast destroyed thy land, thou hast slain thy people; the seed of evil-doers shall not be named for ever", but rather be cast out of the grave, while "All the kings of the nations, all of them, sleep in glory, every one in his own house".</tt>  == <tt>Latin[edit]</tt> == <tt>As an adjective, the Latin word lucifer meant "light-bringing" and was applied to the moon. As a noun, it meant "morning star", or, in Roman mythology, its divine personification as "the fabled son of Aurora and Cephalus, and father of Ceyx", or (in poetry) "day". The second of the meanings attached to the word when used as a noun corresponds to the image in Greek mythology of Eos, the goddess of dawn, giving birth to the morning star Phosphorus.</tt>  <tt>Isaiah 14:12 is not the only place where the Vulgate uses the word lucifer. It uses the same word four more times, in contexts where it clearly has no reference to a fallen angel: 2 Peter 1:19 (meaning "morning star"), Job 11:17 ("the light of the morning"), Job 38:32 ("the signs of the zodiac") and Psalms 110:3 ("the dawn"). Lucifer is not the only expression that the Vulgate uses to speak of the morning star: three times it uses stella matutina: Sirach 50:6 (referring to the actual morning star), and Revelation 2:28 (of uncertain reference) and 22:16 (referring to Jesus).</tt>  <tt>Indications that in Christian tradition the Latin word lucifer, unlike the English word, did not necessarily call a fallen angel to mind exist also outside the text of the Vulgate. Two bishops bore that name: Saint Lucifer of Cagliari, and Lucifer of Siena.</tt>  <tt>In Latin, the word is applied to John the Baptist and is used as a title of Jesus himself in several early Christian hymns. The morning hymn Lucis largitor splendide of Hilary contains the line: "Tu verus mundi lucifer" (you are the true light bringer of the world). Some interpreted the mention of the morning star (lucifer) in Ambrose's hymn Aeterne rerum conditor as referring allegorically to Jesus and the mention of the cock, the herald of the day (praeco) in the same hymn as referring to John the Baptist.Likewise, in the medieval hymn Christe qui lux es et dies, some manuscripts have the line "Lucifer lucem proferens".</tt>  <tt>The Latin word lucifer is also used of Jesus in the Easter Proclamation prayer to God regarding the paschal candle: Flammas eius lucifer matutinus inveniat: ille, inquam, lucifer, qui nescit occasum. Christus Filius tuus, qui, regressus ab inferis, humano generi serenus illuxit, et vivit et regnat in saecula saeculorum ("May this flame be found still burning by the Morning Star: the one Morning Star who never sets, Christ your Son, who, coming back from death's domain, has shed his peaceful light on humanity, and lives and reigns for ever and ever"). In the works of Latin grammarians, Lucifer, like Daniel, was discussed as an example of a personal name.</tt>  == <tt>Apocrypha and pseudepigrapha[edit]</tt> == <tt>See also: Biblical apocrypha, New Testament apocrypha, Pseudepigrapha, and Second Temple Judaism</tt>  <tt>In the Second Temple period literature the main possible reference is found in 2 Enoch, also known as Slavonic Enoch:</tt>  <tt>However the editor of the standard modern edition (Charlesworth, Old Testament Pseudepigrapha Vol.1) pipelines[clarification needed] the verse as a probable later Christian interpolation on the grounds that "Christian explanations of the origin of evil linked Lk 10:18 with Isa 14 and eventually Gen. 3 so vs 4 could be a Christian interpolation... Jewish theology concentrated on Gen 6., and this is prominent in the Enoch cycle as in other apocalypses." Furthermore, the name used in 2 Enoch, Satanail, is not directly related to the Isaiah 14 text, and the surrounding imagery of fire suggests Ezekiel 28:17–18.</tt>  <tt>Other instances of lucifer in the Old Testament pseudepigrapha are related to the "star" Venus, in the Sibylline Oracles battle of the constellations (line 517) "Lucifer fought mounted on the back of Leo",or the entirely rewritten Christian version of the Greek Apocalypse of Ezra4:32 which has a reference to Lucifer as Antichrist.</tt>  <tt>An association of Isaiah 14:12–18 with a personification of evil, called the devil developed outside of mainstream Rabbinic Judaism in pseudepigrapha and Christian writings, particularly with the apocalypses.</tt>  <tt>Especially Isaiah 14:12, became a dominant conception of a fallen angel motif in 1 Enoch 86-90 and 2 Enoch 29:3–4.[clarification needed]Rabbinical Judaism rejected any belief in rebel or fallen angels. In the 11th century, the Pirqe de-Rabbi Eliezer illustrates the origin of the "fallen angel myth" by giving two accounts, one relates to the angel in the Garden of Eden who seduces Eve, and the other relates to the angels, the benei elohim who cohabit with the daughters of man (Genesis 6:1–4).</tt>  == <tt>Christianity[edit]</tt> == <tt>Main article: Devil in Christianity</tt>  <tt>Christian writers applied the words of Isaiah 14:12 to Satan. Sigve K Tonstad argues that the New Testament War in Heaven theme of Revelation 12:7-9, in which the dragon "who is called the devil and Satan … was thrown down to the earth", derives from the passage in Isaiah 14. Origen (184/185 – 253/254) interpreted such Old Testament passages as being about manifestations of the Devil; but of course, writing in Greek, not Latin, he did not identify the devil with the name "Lucifer". Tertullian (c. 160 – c. 225), who wrote in Latin, also understood Isaiah 14:14 ("I will ascend above the tops of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High") as spoken by the Devil, but "Lucifer" is not among the numerous names and phrases he used to describe the devil. Even at the time of the Latin writer Augustine of Hippo (354–430), "Lucifer" had not yet become a common name for the Devil.</tt>  <tt>Some time later, the metaphor of the morning star that Isaiah 14:12 applied to a king of Babylon gave rise to the general use of the Latin word for "morning star", capitalized, as the original name of the devil before his fall from grace, linking Isaiah 14:12 with Luke 10:18 ("I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven") and interpreting the passage in Isaiah as an allegory of Satan's fall from heaven.</tt>  <tt>However, the understanding of the morning star in Isaiah 14:12 as a metaphor referring to a king of Babylon continued also to exist among Christians. Theodoret of Cyrus (c. 393 – c. 457) wrote that Isaiah calls the king "morning star", not as being the star, but as having had the illusion of being it. The same understanding is shown in Christian translations of the passage, which in English generally use "morning star" rather than treating the word as a proper name, "Lucifer". So too in other languages, such as French, German, Portuguese, and Spanish. Even the Vulgate text in Latin is printed with lower-case lucifer (morning star), not upper-case Lucifer (proper name).</tt>  <tt>Calvin said: "The exposition of this passage, which some have given, as if it referred to Satan, has arisen from ignorance: for the context plainly shows these statements must be understood in reference to the king of the Babylonians." Luther also considered it a gross error to refer this verse to the devil.</tt><tt>Gustave Doré, illustration to Paradise Lost, book IX, 179–187: "... he [Satan] held on /His midnight search, where soonest he might finde /The Serpent: him fast sleeping soon he found ..."</tt>  === <tt>Lucifer as Satan or the devil[edit]</tt> === <tt>Adherents of the King James Only movement and others who hold that Isaiah 14:12 does indeed refer to the devil have decried the modern translations.</tt>  <tt>Treating "Lucifer" as a name for the devil or Satan, they may use that name when speaking of such accounts of the devil or Satan as the following:</tt>
 * <tt>Satan inciting David to number Israel (1 Chronicles 21:1), though in 2 Samuel 24:1 it is stated that God caused David to take census of Israel, possibly pointing to a deeply rooted Gnostic belief in which the archons ascribed to Satan and Jehovah are merely archons—a dualist expression of the Monad's will, and part of the demiurge.</tt>
 * <tt>Job tested by Satan (Book of Job)</tt>
 * <tt>Satan ready to accuse the high priest Joshua (Zechariah 3:1–2)</tt>
 * <tt>Sin brought into the world through the devil's envy (Wisdom 2:24)</tt>
 * <tt>"The prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience" (Ephesians 2:2)</tt>
 * <tt>"The god of this world" (2 Corinthians 4:4).</tt>
 * <tt>The devil disputing with Michael about the body of Moses (Jude 1:9)</tt>
 * <tt>The dragon of the Book of Revelation "who is called the devil and Satan" (Revelation 12:9;20:2)</tt> <tt>They may also use the name Lucifer when speaking of Satan's motive for rebelling and of the nature of his sin, which, without using the name Lucifer, Origen, Chrysostom, Jerome, Ambrose, and Augustine attributed to the devil's pride, and Irenaeus, Tertullian, Justin Martyr, Cyprian, and again Augustine attributed to the devil's envy of humanity created in the image of God. Jealousy of humans, created in the divine image and given authority over the world is the motive that a modern writer, who denies that there is any such person as Lucifer, says that Tertullian attributed to the devil, and, while he cited Tertullian and Augustine as giving envy as the motive for the fall, an 18th-century French Capuchin preacher himself described the rebel angel as jealous of Adam's exaltation, which he saw as a diminution of his own status.</tt> == <tt>Islam[edit]</tt> == <tt>Main article: Devil (Islam)</tt>  <tt>In Islam the Devil is known as Iblīs (Arabic: إبليس‎‎, plural: ابالسة abālisah) or Shaytān (Arabic: شيطان‎‎, plural: شياطين shayātīn). Iblis is banished from heaven for refusing to prostrate himself before Adam, which is similar to the earlier 3 Enoch, chapter 4, in which all of the angels prostrate themselves before Enoch, an early descendant of Adam. Thus, he sins after the creation of man. He asks God for a respite until judgment day rather than being consigned to the fire of hell immediately. God grants this request, and Iblis then swears revenge by tempting human beings and turning them away from God. God tells him that any humans who follow him will join him in the fire of hell at judgment day, but that Iblis will have no power over all mankind except who wants to follow Iblis.[citation needed]This story is cited multiple times in the Qur'an for different reasons.</tt>  <tt>Islamic literature presents Iblis as God worshipping and very pious until he refused to prostrate to Adam due to his jealousy and pride. Iblis was a type of supernatural being known as the Jinn, who were made out of smokeless fire and created before humankind.</tt>  == <tt>Anthroposophy[edit]</tt> == <tt>Rudolf Steiner's writings, which formed the basis for Anthroposophy, characterised Lucifer as a spiritual opposite to Ahriman, with Christ between the two forces, mediating a balanced path for humanity. Lucifer represents an intellectual, imaginative, delusional, otherworldly force which might be associated with visions, subjectivity, psychosis and fantasy. He associated Lucifer with the religious/philosophical cultures of Egypt, Rome and Greece. Steiner believed that Lucifer, as a supersensible Being, had incarnated in China about 3000 years before the birth of Christ.</tt>  == <tt>Occultism[edit]</tt> == <tt>Luciferianism is a belief system that venerates the essential characteristics that are affixed to Lucifer. The tradition, influenced by Gnosticism, usually reveres Lucifer not as the devil, but as a liberator, a guardian or guiding spirit or even the true god as opposed to Jehovah.</tt>  <tt>In Anton LaVey's The Satanic Bible, Lucifer is one of the four crown princes of hell, particularly that of the East, the 'lord of the air', and is called the bringer of light, the morning star, intellectualism, and enlightenment. The title 'lord of the air' is based upon Ephesians 2:2, which uses the phrase 'prince of the power of the air' to refer to the pagan god Zeus, but that phrase later became conflated with Satan.</tt>  <tt>Author Michael W. Ford has written on Lucifer as a "mask" of the adversary, a motivator and illuminating force of the mind and subconscious.</tt>  == <tt>Taxil's hoax[edit]</tt> == <tt>Léo Taxil (1854–1907) claimed that Freemasonry is associated with worshipping Lucifer. In what is known as the Taxil hoax, he alleged that leading Freemason Albert Pike had addressed "The 23 Supreme Confederated Councils of the world" (an invention of Taxil), instructing them that Lucifer was God, and was in opposition to the evil god Adonai. Supporters of Freemasonry contend that, when Albert Pike and other Masonic scholars spoke about the "Luciferian path," or the "energies of Lucifer," they were referring to the Morning Star, the light bearer, the search for light; the very antithesis of dark, satanic evil. Taxil promoted a book by Diana Vaughan (actually written by himself, as he later confessed publicly) that purported to reveal a highly secret ruling body called the Palladium, which controlled the organization and had a satanic agenda. As described by Freemasonry Disclosed in 1897:</tt>  <tt>Taxil's work and Pike's address continue to be quoted by anti-masonic groups.</tt>  <tt>In Devil-Worship in France, Arthur Edward Waite compared Taxil's work to what today we would call a tabloid story, replete with logical and factual inconsistencies.</tt>  == <tt>Gallery[edit]</tt> ==
 * <tt>Lucifer, by Alessandro Vellutello (1534), for Dante's Inferno, canto 34</tt>
 * <tt>Lucifer, by William Blake, for Dante's Inferno, canto 34</tt>
 * <tt>Cover of 1887 edition of Mario Rapisardi's poem Lucifero</tt>
 * <tt>Lucifer before the Lord, by Mihály Zichy (19th century)</tt>
 * <tt>Mayor Hall and Lucifer, by an unknown artist (1870)</tt>
 * <tt>Gustave Doré's illustration for Milton's Paradise Lost, III, 739–742: Satan on his way to bring about the fall of man</tt>
 * <tt>Gustave Doré's illustration for Milton's Paradise Lost, V, 1006–1015: Satan yielding before Gabriel</tt> == <tt>See also[edit]</tt> ==
 * <tt>Ahura Mazda</tt>
 * <tt>Angra Mainyu</tt>
 * <tt>Asura</tt>
 * <tt>Devil</tt>
 * <tt>Phosphorus (morning star)</tt>
 * <tt>Devil in popular culture</tt>
 * <tt>Doctor Faustus (play)</tt>
 * <tt>Earendel</tt>
 * <tt>Eosphoros</tt>
 * <tt>Guardian of the Threshold</tt>
 * <tt>Inferno (Dante), the first of the three canticas of Divine Comedy</tt>
 * <tt>Luceafărul (poem), a poem by the poet Mihai Eminescu</tt>
 * <tt>Luceafărul, a literary magazine</tt>
 * <tt>Luciferianism</tt>
 * <tt>The Lucifer Effect</tt>
 * <tt>Satan</tt>
 * <tt>Shahar</tt>
 * <tt>Venus (astrology)</tt>
 * <tt>Venus (mythology)</tt>
 * <tt>2010 (film)</tt> == <tt>References[edit]</tt> ==
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 * <tt>^ Jump up to: a b c Strong's Concordance, H1966: "shining one, morning star, Lucifer; of the king of Babylon and Satan (fig.)"</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ See Latin word lucifer below.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ See #Mythology behind Isaiah 14:12</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Examples of Christian literal exegesis of Isaiah 14:12</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Helel ben Shaḥar "day-star, son of the dawn"; planet Venus is one of the brightest celestial bodies at night, which can be seen in the early morning when no other star can be seen any more, but vanishes when the sun, the real light, rises.</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Gunkel, "Schöpfung und Chaos," pp. 132 et seq.</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Isaiah 14:3–4</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ John Day, Yahweh and the gods and goddesses of Canaan (Continuum International Publishing Group, 2002. ISBN 0-82646830-6. ISBN 978-0-8264-6830-7), pp. 172–173</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Gregory A. Boyd, God at War: The Bible & Spiritual Conflict (InterVarsity Press, 1997 ISBN 0-8308-1885-5. ISBN 978-0-8308-1885-3), pp. 159–160</tt>
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 * <tt>^ Jump up to: a b  page 90  : "it is even more definitely certain that we are dealing with a native myth!"</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Isaiah 14:18</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Anthony Maas, "Lucifer" in Catholic Encyclopedia (New York 1910)</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ March, Francis Andrew Latin Hymns with English Notes, Douglass Series of Christian Greek and Latin Writers. Vol.1 Latin Hymns. Notes p218 "Lucifer: God - Christ is here addressed as the true light bringer, in distinction from the planet Venus. Such etymological turns are common in the hymns. Lucifer is a familiar epithet of John the Baptist in the early church, as well as of the "Son of the morning," mentioned in Isaiah xiv., ... This description of the King of Babylon was applied by Tertullian and others to Satan, and the mistake has led to the present meanings of Lucifer. See Webster's Dictionary."</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ March Notes p224 "Lucifer: this the lovers of allegory interpreted of Christ, making John the Baptist the praeco."</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ March Notes p235 "For the use of Lucifer for Christ, see Hilary's hymn as above".</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Mark Amsler, Etymology and Grammatical Discourse in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (John Benjamins 1989) ISBN 978-9-02724527-4, p. 66</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Charlesworth Old Testament Pseudepigrapha vol.1 p. 139 "Origen falls back on the Bible when he expands the fall of Lucifer" p. 148 2 Enoch 29:3 Here Satanail was hurled from the height together with his angels "form of the Lucifer myth found here in 2En" p. 149 2 Enoch footnote Christian explanations of the origin of evil linked Lk 10:18 with Isa 14 and eventually Gen. 3 so vs 4 could be a Christian interpolation. In the Byzantine tradition Satan's revolt took place on the fourth day, not the second as here. Jewish theology concentrated on Gen 6., and this is prominent in the Enoch cycle as in other apocalypses.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Charlesworth Vol.1 p. 405 Sibylline Oracles line 517 "Lucifer fought mounted on the back of Leo"</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ p. 567 Greek Apocalypse of Ezra Antichrist "the 'Lucifer' theme (4:32)</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Adelman, Rachel (2009). pp. 61–62.</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Auffarth, Christoph; Stuckenbruck, Loren T., eds. (2004). p. 62.</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Scott B. Noegel, Brannon M. Wheeler, The A to Z of Prophets in Islam and Judaism (Scarecrow Press 2010)ISBN 978-1-46171895-6, p. 170</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Patrick Hughes, Thomas Patrick Hughes, Dictionary of Islam (Asian Educational Services 19950) ISBN 978-81-2060672-2, p. 135</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Wendy Doniger, Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions (Merriam-Webster 1999) ISBN 978-0-87779044-0, p. 484</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Juan Eduardo Campo, Encyclopedia of Islam (Ìnfobase 2009) ISBN 978-1-43812696-8, p. 402</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Jeffrey Burton Russell, Lucifer (Cornell University Press 1986) ISBN 978-0-80149429-1, 56</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ "Lucifer, the Son of the Morning! Is it he who bears the Light, and with its splendors intolerable blinds feeble, sensual, or selfish Souls? Doubt it not!" (Albert Pike, Morals and Dogma, p. 321). Much has been made of this quote (Masonic information: Lucifer).</tt>
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 * <tt>Jump up ^ Freemasonry Disclosed April 1897</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^</tt>  == <tt>Further reading[edit]</tt> ==
 * <tt>http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/vul/isa014.htm</tt> == <tt>External links[edit]</tt> == {| class="wikitable" | |<tt>Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lucifer.</tt> |} {| class="wikitable" | |<tt>Wikisource has the text of the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia article Lucifer.</tt> |} {| class="wikitable" | |<tt>Look up Lucifer or lucifer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</tt> |}
 * {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |<tt>[show]</tt>
 * <tt> v </tt>
 * <tt> t </tt>
 * <tt> e </tt> <tt>Adam and Eve</tt> |} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |<tt>[show]</tt>
 * <tt> v </tt>
 * <tt> t </tt>
 * <tt> e </tt> <tt>Cain and Abel</tt> |} <tt>Pages that are unsourced and negative in tone, especially when they appear to have been created primarily to disparage the subject, should be deleted at once if there is no policy-compliant version to revert to; see #Summary deletion, creation prevention, and courtesy blanking . Non-administrators should tag them with . Creation of such pages, especially when repeated or in bad faith, is grounds for immediate blocking. </tt> == <tt>Reliable sources</tt> == <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPSOURCES</tt> === <tt>Challenged or likely to be challenged</tt> === <tt>Main page: WP:SOURCES</tt>  <tt>Wikipedia's sourcing policy, Verifiability, says that all quotations and any material challenged or likely to be challenged must be attributed to a reliable, published source using an inline citation; material not meeting this standard may be removed. This policy extends that principle, adding that contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced should be removed immediately and without discussion. This applies whether the material is negative, positive, neutral, or just questionable, and whether it is in a biography or in some other article. Material should not be added to an article when the only sourcing is tabloid journalism. When material is both verifiable and noteworthy, it will have appeared in more reliable sources.</tt>  === <tt>Avoid misuse of primary sources</tt> === <tt>Further information: WP:PRIMARY</tt>  <tt>Shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPPRIMARY</tt> <tt>Exercise extreme caution in using primary sources. Do notuse trial transcripts and other court records, or other public documents, to support assertions about a living person. Do not use public records that include personal details, such as date of birth, home value, traffic citations, vehicle registrations, and home or business addresses.</tt> <tt>Where primary-source material has been discussed by a reliable secondary source, it may be acceptable to rely on it to augment the secondary source, subject to the restrictions of this policy, no original research, and the other sourcing policies.</tt>  === <tt>Avoid self-published sources</tt> === <tt>Shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPSPS</tt> <tt>Never use self-published sources—including but not limited to books, zines, websites, blogs, and tweets—as sources of material about a living person, unless written or published by the subject of the article (see #Using the subject as a self-published source). "Self-published blogs" in this context refers to personal and group blogs. Some news organizations host online columns that they call blogs, and these may be acceptable as sources so long as the writers are professionals and the blog is subject to the newspaper's full editorial control. Posts left by readers are never acceptable as sources. See #Images for our policy on self-published images.</tt> ==== <tt>Using the subject as a self-published source</tt> ==== <tt>Shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPSELFPUB</tt> <tt>Further information: WP:SELFPUB</tt> <tt>Living persons may publish material about themselves, such as through press releases or personal websites. Such material may be used as a source only if:</tt>
 * <tt>it is not unduly self-serving;</tt>
 * <tt>it does not involve claims about third parties;</tt>
 * <tt>it does not involve claims about events not directly related to the subject;</tt>
 * <tt>there is no reasonable doubt as to its authenticity;</tt>
 * <tt>the article is not based primarily on such sources.</tt> === <tt>Avoid gossip and feedback loops</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPGOSSIP</tt> <tt>Avoid repeating gossip. Ask yourself whether the source is reliable; whether the material is being presented as true; and whether, even if true, it is relevant to a disinterested article about the subject. Be wary of relying on sources that use weasel words and that attribute material to anonymous sources. Also beware of circular reporting, in which material in a Wikipedia article gets picked up by a source, which is later cited in the Wikipedia article to support the original edit.</tt> === <tt>Remove contentious material that is unsourced or poorly sourced</tt> === <tt>See also: Libel</tt>  <tt>Policy shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:GRAPEVINE</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPREMOVE</tt> <tt>Remove immediately any contentious material about a living person that:</tt>
 * <tt>is unsourced or poorly sourced;</tt>
 * <tt>is a conjectural interpretation of a source (see No original research);</tt>
 * <tt>relies on self-published sources, unless written by the subject of the BLP (see #Using the subject as a self-published source); or</tt>
 * <tt>relies on sources that fail in some other way to meet Verifiability standards.</tt> <tt>Note that, although the three-revert rule does not apply to such removals, what counts as exempt under BLP can be controversial. Editors who find themselves in edit wars over potentially defamatory material about living persons should consider raising the matter at the biographies of living persons noticeboard instead of relying on the exemption.</tt> <tt>Administrators may enforce the removal of clear BLP violations with page protection or by blocking the violator(s), even if they have been editing the article themselves or are in some other way involved. In less clear cases they should request the attention of an uninvolved administrator at Administrators Noticeboard/Incidents. See WP:BLPADMINS.</tt>  === <tt>Further reading, External links, and See also</tt> === <tt>Shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPEL</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPFR</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPSEEALSO</tt> <tt>External links about living persons, whether in BLPs or elsewhere, are held to a higher standard than for other topics. Questionable or self-published sources should not be included in the "Further reading" or "External links" sections of BLPs, and, when including such links in other articles, make sure the material linked to does not violate this policy. Self-published sources written or published by the subject of a BLP may be included in the "Further reading" or "External links" sections of that BLP with caution (see #Using the subject as a self-published source). In general, do not link to websites that contradict the spirit of this policy or violate the External links guideline. Where that guideline is inconsistent with this or any other policy, the policies prevail.</tt> <tt>"See also" links, whether placed in their own section or in a note within the text, should not be used to imply any contentious labeling, association, or claim regarding a living person, and must adhere to Wikipedia's policy of No original research.</tt>  == <tt>Presumption in favor of privacy</tt> ==  === <tt>Avoid victimization</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:AVOIDVICTIM</tt> <tt>When writing about a person noteworthy only for one or two events, including every detail can lead to problems—even when the material is well sourced. When in doubt, biographies should be pared back to a version that is completely sourced, neutral, and on-topic. This is of particular importance when dealing with living individuals whose notability stems largely or entirely from being victims of another's actions. Wikipedia editors must not act, intentionally or otherwise, in a way that amounts to participating in or prolonging the victimization.</tt> === <tt>Public figures</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:PUBLICFIGURE</tt>
 * <tt>WP:WELLKNOWN</tt> <tt>In the case of public figures, there will be a multitude of reliable published sources, and BLPs should simply document what these sources say. If an allegation or incident is noteworthy, relevant, and well documented, it belongs in the article—even if it is negative and the subject dislikes all mention of it. If you cannot find multiple reliable third-party sources documenting the allegation or incident, leave it out.</tt>
 * <tt>Example: "John Doe had a messy divorce from Jane Doe." Is the divorce important to the article, and was it published by third-party reliable sources? If not, leave it out. If so, avoid use of "messy" and stick to the facts: "John Doe and Jane Doe divorced."</tt>
 * <tt>Example: A politician is alleged to have had an affair. He or she denies it, but multiple major newspapers publish the allegations, and there is a public scandal. The allegation belongs in the biography, citing those sources. However, it should only state that the politician was alleged to have had the affair, not that he or she actually did. If the subject has denied such allegations, that should also be reported.</tt> === <tt>Privacy of personal information and using primary sources</tt> === <tt>Shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPPRIVACY</tt>
 * <tt>WP:DOB</tt> <tt>See also: § Privacy of names</tt> <tt>With identity theft a serious ongoing concern, people increasingly regard their full names and dates of birth as private. Wikipedia includes full names and dates of birth that have been widely published by reliable sources, or by sources linked to the subject such that it may reasonably be inferred that the subject does not object. If the subject complains about the inclusion of the date of birth, or the person is borderline notable, err on the side of caution and simply list the year. In a similar vein, articles should not include postal addresses, e-mail addresses, telephone numbers, or other contact information for living persons, although links to websites maintained by the subject are generally permitted. See #Avoid misuse of primary sources regarding the misuse of primary sources to obtain personal information about subjects.</tt>  === <tt>People who are relatively unknown</tt> === <tt>"WP:NPF" redirects here. For the New Pages Feed, see Special:NewPagesFeed.</tt>  <tt>See also: Who is a low profile individual</tt>  <tt>Policy shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:NOTPUBLICFIGURE</tt>
 * <tt>WP:NPF</tt> <tt>Many Wikipedia articles contain material on people who are not well known, even if they are notable enough for their own article. In such cases, exercise restraint and include onlymaterial relevant to the person's notability, focusing on high-quality secondary sources. Material published by the subject may be used, but with caution; see #Using the subject as a self-published source. Material that may adversely affect a person's reputation should be treated with special care; in many jurisdictions, repeating a defamatory claim is actionable, and there are additional protections for subjects who are not public figures.</tt> === <tt>Subjects notable only for one event</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLP1E</tt> <tt>Further information: Wikipedia:Notability (people) § People notable for only one event</tt> <tt>Wikipedia is not news, or an indiscriminate collection of information. Being in the news does not in itself mean that someone should be the subject of a Wikipedia article. We should generally avoid having an article on a person when each of three conditions is met:</tt>
 * <tt>If reliable sources cover the person only in the context of a single event.</tt>
 * <tt>If that person otherwise remains, and is likely to remain, a low-profile individual. Biographies in these cases can give undue weight to the event and conflict with neutral point of view. In such cases, it is usually better to merge the information and redirect the person's name to the event article.</tt>
 * <tt>If the event is not significant or the individual's role was either not substantial or not well documented. John Hinckley, Jr., for example, has a separate article because the single event he was associated with, the Reagan assassination attempt, was significant and his role was both substantial and well documented.</tt> <tt>The significance of an event or individual is indicated by how persistent the coverage is in reliable sources. It is important for editors to understand two clear differentiations of the People notable for only one event guideline (WP:BIO1E) when compared with this policy (WP:BLP1E): WP:BLP1E should be applied only to biographies of livingpeople and to biographies of low-profile individuals.</tt> <tt>In addition, some subject specific notability guidelines such as Notability (sports) provide criteria that may support the notability of certain individuals who are known chiefly for one event.</tt>  === <tt>People accused of crime</tt> === <tt>See also: Wikipedia:Notability (events) § Criminal acts, and Wikipedia:Notability (people) § Crime victims and perpetrators</tt>  <tt>Shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPCRIME</tt> <tt>A living person accused of a crime is presumed innocent until convicted by a court of law. For relatively unknown people, editors must seriously consider not including material in any article suggesting that the person has committed a crime, or is accused of having committed one, unless a conviction is secured. If different judicial proceedings result in seemingly contradictory judgments that do not override each other, include all the explanatory information.</tt> === <tt>Privacy of names</tt> === <tt>Shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPNAME</tt>
 * <tt>WP:LPNAME</tt> <tt>Caution should be applied when identifying individuals who are discussed primarily in terms of a single event. When the name of a private individual has not been widely disseminated or has been intentionally concealed, such as in certain court cases or occupations, it is often preferable to omit it, especially when doing so does not result in a significant loss of context. When deciding whether to include a name, its publication in secondary sources other than news media, such as scholarly journals or the work of recognized experts, should be afforded greater weight than the brief appearance of names in news stories. Consider whether the inclusion of names of living private individuals who are not directly involved in an article's topic adds significant value.</tt> <tt>The presumption in favor of privacy is strong in the case of family members of articles' subjects and other loosely involved, otherwise low-profile persons. The names of any immediate, ex, or significant family members or any significant relationship of the subject of a BLP may be part of an article, if reliably sourced, subject to editorial discretion that such information is relevant to a reader's complete understanding of the subject. However, names of family members who are not also notable public figures must be removed from an article if they are not properly sourced.</tt>  == <tt>Applicability of the policy</tt> == <tt>BLP applies to all material about living persons anywhere on Wikipedia, including talk pages, edit summaries, user pages, images, categories, lists, article titles and drafts.</tt>  === <tt>Non-article space</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPTALK</tt> <tt>Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced and not related to making content choices should be removed, deleted, or oversighted, as appropriate. When seeking advice about whether to publish something about a living person, be careful not to post so much information on the talk page that the inquiry becomes moot. For example, it would be appropriate to begin a discussion by stating This link has serious allegations about subject; should we summarize this someplace in the article? The same principle applies to problematic images. Questionable claims already discussed can be removed with a reference to the previous discussion.</tt> <tt>The BLP policy also applies to user and user talk pages. The single exception is that users may make any claim they wish about themselves in their user space, so long as they are not engaged in impersonation, and subject to what Wikipedia is not, though minors are discouraged from disclosing identifying personal information on their userpages; for more information, see here. Although this policy applies to posts about Wikipedians in project space, some leeway is permitted to allow the handling of administrative issues by the community, but administrators may delete such material if it rises to the level of defamation, or if it constitutes a violation of no personal attacks.</tt>  === <tt>Usernames</tt> === <tt>See also: WP:BLPABUSE</tt>  <tt>Shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPNAMEABUSE</tt> <tt>Disruptive and offensive usernames (for example, names containing contentious material about living persons, or that are clearly abusive towards any race, religion or social group) should be immediately blocked and suppressed from logs. Requests for removing attack usernames from logs should be reported to the Oversight team for evaluation.</tt> === <tt>Images</tt> === <tt>Further information: Wikipedia:No original research § Original images</tt>  <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:MUG</tt> <tt>Images of living persons should not be used out of context to present a person in a false or disparaging light. This is particularly important for police booking photographs (mugshots), or situations where the subject did not expect to be photographed. Images of living persons that have been generated by Wikipedians and others may be used only if they have been released under a copyright licence that is compatible with Image use policy.</tt> === <tt>Categories, lists and navigation templates</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPCAT</tt> <tt>See also: Categorization of people; Categories, lists, and navigation templates; Categorization/Ethnicity, gender, religion and sexuality; and Eponymous overcategorization</tt> <tt>Category names do not carry disclaimers or modifiers, so the case for each content category must be made clear by the article text and its reliable sources. Categories regarding religious beliefs (or lack of such) or sexual orientation should not be used unless the subject has publicly self-identified with the belief or orientation in question, and the subject's beliefs or sexual orientation are relevant to their public life or notability, according to reliable published sources.</tt>  <tt>Caution should be used with content categories that suggest a person has a poor reputation (see false light). For example, Category:Criminals and its subcategories should only be added for an incident that is relevant to the person's notability; the incident was published by reliable third-party sources; the subject was convicted; and the conviction was not overturned on appeal.</tt>  <tt> These principles apply equally to lists, navigation templates, and  statements (referring to living persons within  any Wikipedia page) that are based on religious beliefs or sexual orientation or suggest that any living person has a poor reputation. This policy does not limit the use of administrative categories for WikiProjects, article clean-up, or other normal editor activities.</tt>  === <tt>Applicability to deceased persons, corporations, or groups of persons</tt> ===  ==== <tt>Recently dead or probably dead</tt> ==== <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BDP</tt> <tt>Anyone born within the past 115 years is covered by this policy unless a reliable source has confirmed their death. Generally, this policy does not apply to material concerning people who are confirmed dead by reliable sources. The only exception would be for people who have recently died, in which case the policy can extend for an indeterminate period beyond the date of death—six months, one year, two years at the outside. Such extensions would apply particularly to contentious or questionable material about the dead that has implications for their living relatives and friends, such as in the case of a possible suicide or a particularly gruesome crime. Even absent confirmation of death, for the purposes of this policy anyone born more than 115 years ago is presumed dead unless reliable sources confirm the person to have been living within the past two years.</tt> ==== <tt>Legal persons and groups</tt> ==== <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPGROUP</tt> <tt>This policy does not normally apply to material about corporations, companies, or other entities regarded as legal persons, though any such material must be written in accordance with other content policies. The extent to which the BLP policy applies to edits about groups is complex and must be judged on a case-by-case basis. A harmful statement about a small group or organization comes closer to being a BLP problem than a similar statement about a larger group; and when the group is very small, it may be impossible to draw a distinction between the group and the individuals that make up the group. When in doubt, make sure you are using high-quality sources.</tt> == <tt>Using BLPs to continue disputes</tt> == <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPCOI</tt> <tt>Wikipedia articles concerning living persons may include material—where relevant, properly weighted, and reliably sourced—about controversies or disputes in which the article subject has been involved. Wikipedia is not a forum provided for parties to off-wiki disputes to continue their hostilities. Experience has shown that misusing Wikipedia to perpetuate legal, political, social, literary, scholarly, or other disputes is harmful to the subjects of biographical articles, to other parties in the dispute, and to Wikipedia itself.</tt> <tt>Therefore, an editor who is involved in a significant controversy or dispute with another individual—whether on- or off-wiki—or who is an avowed rival of that individual, should not edit that person's biography or other material about that person, given the potential conflict of interest. More generally, editors who have a strongly negative or positive view of the subject of an article should be especially careful to edit that article neutrally, if they choose to edit it at all.</tt>  == <tt>Maintenance of BLPs</tt> ==  === <tt>Importance of maintenance</tt> === <tt>Report BLP incidents at the biographies of living persons noticeboard.</tt>  <tt>Wikipedia contains hundreds of thousands of articles about living persons. From both a legal and ethical standpoint it is essential that a determined effort be made to eliminate defamatory and other inappropriate material from these articles, but these concerns must be balanced against other concerns, such as allowing articles to show a bias in the subject's favor by removing appropriate material simply because the subject objects to it, or allowing articles about non-notable publicity-seekers to be retained. When in doubt about whether material in a BLP is appropriate, the article should be pared back to a policy-compliant version. Sometimes the use of administrative tools such as page protection and deletion is necessary for the enforcement of this policy, and in extreme cases action by Wikimedia Foundation staff is required.</tt>  === <tt>Templates</tt> === <tt>  alerting readers to this policy may be added to the talk pages of BLPs and other articles that focus on living persons.  is suitable for articles containing material on the deceased that also contains material about living persons. If a  template is present, you can add    to the template parameters. If a  template is also present, add   to it.</tt>  <tt> For articles,  may be used on BLPs needing attention;  on BLPs needing better sourcing (an alternative is ); and  for those with no sources at all.  should be placed on the talk page of BLP articles that are being discussed on the  biographies of living persons noticeboard.</tt>  <tt>For editors violating this policy, the following can be used to warn them on their talk pages:</tt>
 * <tt> </tt>
 * <tt> or  </tt>
 * <tt> or  </tt>
 * <tt> or  </tt>
 * <tt> for when a block is issued </tt> <tt> The template  can be used on the talk page of an article to explain why material has been removed under this policy, and under what conditions the material may be replaced. </tt>  == <tt>Relationship between the subject, the article, and Wikipedia</tt> ==  === <tt>Dealing with edits by the subject of the article</tt> === <tt>Shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPEDIT</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPKIND</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPKINDNESS</tt> <tt>Subjects sometimes become involved in editing material about themselves, either directly or through a representative. The Arbitration Committee has ruled in favor of showing leniency to BLP subjects who try to fix what they see as errors or unfair material. Editors should make every effort to act with kindness toward the subjects of biographical material when the subjects arrive to express concern.</tt> <tt>Although Wikipedia discourages people from writing about themselves, removal of unsourced or poorly sourced material is acceptable. When an anonymous editor blanks all or part of a BLP, this might be the subject attempting to remove problematic material. Edits like this by subjects should not be treated as vandalism; instead, the subject should be invited to explain their concerns. The Arbitration Committee established the following principle in December 2005:</tt>  <tt>Please do not bite the newcomers, a guideline, advises Wikipedia users to consider the obvious fact that new users of Wikipedia will do things wrong from time to time. For those who either have or might have an article about themselves, there is a temptation - especially if apparently wrong or strongly negative information is included in such an article - to become involved in questions regarding their own article. This can open the door to rather immature behavior and loss of dignity for the new user. It is a violation of don't bite the newbies to strongly criticize users who fall into this trap, rather than see this phenomenon as a new editor mistake.</tt>  === <tt>Dealing with articles about yourself</tt> === <tt>Shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BIOSELF</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPSELF</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPCOMPLAIN</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPCOMPLAINT</tt> <tt> Wikipedia has editorial policies that will often help to resolve your concern, as well as many users willing to help and a wide range of escalation processes. Very obvious errors can be fixed quickly, including by yourself. But beyond that, post suggestions on the article talk page, or place on your  user talk page. You may also post an explanation of your concern on the biographies of living persons noticeboard and ask that uninvolved editors evaluate the article to make sure it is fairly written and properly sourced. Please bear in mind that Wikipedia is almost entirely operated by volunteers; impolite behavior, even if entirely understandable, will often be less effective.</tt>  === <tt>Legal issues</tt> === <tt>Subjects who have legal or other serious concerns about material they find about themselves on a Wikipedia page, whether in a BLP or elsewhere, may contact the Wikimedia Foundation's volunteer response team (known as OTRS). Please e-mail [mailto:info-en-q@wikimedia.org info-en-q@wikimedia.org] with a link to the article and details of the problem; for more information on how to get an error corrected, see here. It is usually better to ask for help rather than trying to change the material yourself.</tt>  <tt>As noted above, individuals involved in a significant legal or other off-wiki dispute with the subject of a biographical article are strongly discouraged from editing that article.</tt>  === <tt>How to contact the Wikimedia Foundation</tt> === <tt>Contact us</tt><tt>See also: Wikimedia Foundation</tt>  <tt>If you are not satisfied with the response of editors and admins to a concern about biographical material about living persons, you can contact the Wikimedia Foundation directly. See Contact us for details.</tt>  === <tt>Wikimedia Foundation resolution</tt> === <tt>Further information: Foundation:Resolution:Biographies of living people</tt>  <tt>On April 9, 2009, the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees passed a resolution regarding Wikimedia's handling of material about living persons. It noted that there are problems with some BLPs being overly promotional in tone, being vandalized, and containing errors and smears. The Foundation urges that special attention be paid to neutrality and verifiability regarding living persons; that human dignity and personal privacy be taken into account, especially in articles of ephemeral or marginal interest; that new technical mechanisms be investigated for assessing edits that affect living people; and that anyone who has a complaint about how they are described on the project's websites be treated with patience, kindness, and respect.</tt>  == <tt>Role of administrators</tt> == <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPADMINS</tt> === <tt>Page protection, blocks</tt> === <tt>Administrators who suspect malicious or biased editing, or believe that inappropriate material may be added or restored, may protect or semi-protect pages. Administrators may enforce the removal of clear BLP violations with page protection or by blocking the violator(s), even if they have been editing the article themselves or are in some other way involved. In less clear cases they should request the attention of an uninvolved administrator at Administrators Noticeboard/Incidents.</tt>  <tt>See WP:BLP#Templates for appropriate templates to use when warning or blocking for BLP violations.</tt>  === <tt>Discretionary sanctions</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPDS</tt> <tt>Editors are also subject to Arbitration Committee/Discretionary sanctions pursuant to WP:NEWBLPBAN, which in May 2014 authorized the application of discretionary sanctions to "any edit in any article with biographical content relating to living or recently deceased people or any edit relating to the subject (living or recently deceased) of such biographical articles on any page in any namespace." The discretionary sanctions allow administrators to apply topic bans and other measures that may not be reverted without community consensus or the agreement of the enforcing administrator.</tt> === <tt>Deletion of BLPs</tt> === <tt>Policy shortcuts:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPDEL</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPDELETE</tt> ==== <tt>Summary deletion, creation prevention, and courtesy blanking</tt> ==== <tt>Further information: Wikipedia:Deletion policy § Deletion of biographies and BLPs</tt>  <tt>Biographical material about a living individual that is not compliant with this policy should be improved and rectified; if this is not possible, then it should be removed. If the entire page is substantially of poor quality, primarily containing contentious material that is unsourced or poorly sourced, then it may be necessary to delete the entire page as an initial step, followed by discussion.</tt>  <tt>Page deletion is normally a last resort. If a dispute centers around a page's inclusion (e.g., because of questionable notability or where the subject has requested deletion), this is addressed via deletion discussions rather than by summary deletion. Summary deletion is appropriate when the page contains unsourced negative material or is written non-neutrally, and when this cannot readily be rewritten or restored to an earlier version of an acceptable standard. The deleting administrator should be prepared to explain the action to others, by e-mail if the material is sensitive. Those who object to the deletion should bear in mind that the deleting admin may be aware of issues that others are not. Disputes may be taken to deletion review, but protracted public discussion should be avoided for deletions involving sensitive personal material about living persons, particularly if it is negative. Such debates may be courtesy blanked upon conclusion. After the deletion, any administrator may choose to protect it against re-creation. Even if the page is not protected against re-creation, it should not be re-created unless a consensus is demonstrated in support of re-creation.</tt>  ==== <tt>Deletion of BLPs of relatively unknown subjects</tt> ==== <tt>Further information: Wikipedia:Deletion policy § Deletion of biographies and BLPs</tt>  <tt>Shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPREQUESTDELETE</tt> <tt>Where the subject of a BLP has requested deletion, the deletion policy says: "Discussions concerning biographical articles of relatively unknown, non-public figures, where the subject has requested deletion and there is no rough consensus, may be closed as delete." In addition, it says: "Poorly sourced biographical articles of unknown, non-public figures, where the discussions have no editor opposing the deletion, may be deleted after discussions have been completed."</tt> ==== <tt>Restoring deleted content</tt> ==== <tt>Shortcut:</tt>
 * <tt>WP:BLPREQUESTRESTORE</tt> <tt>To ensure that material about living people is written neutrally to a high standard, and based on high-quality reliable sources, the burden of proof is on those who wish to retain, restore, or undelete the disputed material. When material about living persons has been deleted on good-faith BLP objections, any editor wishing to add, restore, or undelete it must ensure it complies with Wikipedia's content policies. If it is to be restored without significant change, consensus must be obtained first. Material that has been repaired to address concerns should be judged on a case-by-case basis.</tt> <tt>In the case of an administrator deleting a complete article, wherever possible such disputed deletions should be discussed first with the administrator who deleted the article.</tt>  ==== <tt>Proposed deletion of biographies of living people</tt> ==== <tt>Further information: Proposed deletion of biographies of living people</tt>  <tt>All BLPs created after March 18, 2010 must have at least one source that supports at least one statement made about the person in the article, or it may be proposed for deletion. The tag may not be removed until a reliable source is provided, and if none is forthcoming, the article may be deleted after seven days. This does not affect other deletion processes mentioned in BLP policy and elsewhere.</tt>  == <tt>See also</tt> == {| class="wikitable" | |<tt>Wikimedia Commons has media related to Template:Personality rights.</tt> |} {| class="wikitable" | |<tt>This page is referenced from the glossary.</tt> | |}
 * <tt>Foundation policies and resolutions</tt>
 * <tt>Wikimedia Foundation privacy policy</tt>
 * <tt>Foundation resolution on biographies of living persons, April 2009.</tt>
 * <tt>Arbitration cases</tt>
 * <tt>Requests for arbitration/Badlydrawnjeff, July 2007.</tt>
 * <tt>Arbitration Committee/Motion regarding BLP deletions, January 2010.</tt>
 * <tt>Arbitration/Requests/Case/Manipulation of BLPs, September 2011.</tt>
 * <tt>Policies</tt>
 * <tt>Neutral point of view</tt>
 * <tt>No original research</tt>
 * <tt>Verifiability</tt>
 * <tt>What Wikipedia is not</tt>
 * <tt>Guidelines</tt>
 * <tt>Attack page</tt>
 * <tt>Autobiography</tt>
 * <tt>Conflict of interest</tt>
 * <tt>Fringe theories</tt>
 * <tt>Manual of Style/Biographies</tt>
 * <tt>Notability (people)</tt>
 * <tt>Requests for comment</tt>
 * <tt>Requests for comment/Biographies of living people—Phase I; Phase II, January 2010</tt>
 * <tt>FAQs</tt>
 * <tt>FAQ/Article subjects</tt>
 * <tt>FAQ/Organizations</tt>
 * <tt>Essays</tt>
 * <tt>An article about yourself isn't necessarily a good thing</tt>
 * <tt>Avoiding harm</tt>
 * <tt>Coatrack</tt>
 * <tt>Community essays on BLP</tt>
 * <tt>Criticism</tt>
 * <tt>Signatures of living persons</tt>
 * <tt>User essays on BLP</tt>
 * <tt>Discussion forums</tt>
 * <tt>Biographies of living persons/Noticeboard</tt>
 * <tt>WikiProject Deletion sorting/Living people</tt>
 * <tt>Related pages</tt>
 * <tt>Requested articles/Biographies</tt>
 * <tt>WikiProject Unreferenced Biographies of Living Persons</tt>
 * <tt>WikiProject Unreferenced BLP Rescue</tt> == <tt>Notes</tt> ==
 * <tt>Jump up ^ People are presumed to be living unless there is reason to believe otherwise. This policy does not apply to people declared dead in absentia.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Jimmy Wales. "WikiEN-l Zero information is preferred to misleading or false information", May 16, 2006, and May 19, 2006; Jimmy Wales. Keynote speech, Wikimania, August 2006.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ For examples of arbitration cases that refer to this policy's parameters, see:</tt><tt>Rachel Marsden case, 28 November 2006: "Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons applies to all living persons in an entry, not merely the subject of the entry."</tt><tt>Manning naming dispute, 16 October 2013: "The biographies of living persons policy applies to all references to living persons throughout Wikipedia, including the titles of articles and pages and all other portions of any page."</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Please note that exceptional claims require exceptional sources</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ From Verifiability.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ A conviction is secured through judicial proceedings; accusations, investigations and arrests do not amount to a conviction. WP:BLPCRIME applies to individuals who are not covered by WP:WELLKNOWN.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ An example of this situation is the O. J. Simpson murder case, where the former footballer O. J. Simpson was acquitted in 1995 of the crime of murdering Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman, but was found liable of their wrongful death in a civil trial two years later.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ See Credentials and its talk page.</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ The Columbia Center for New Media Teaching and Learning, Columbia University: "A conflict of interest involves the abuse – actual, apparent, or potential – of the trust that people have in professionals. The simplest working definition states: A conflict of interest is a situation in which financial or other personal considerations have the potential to compromise or bias professional judgment and objectivity. An apparent conflict of interest is one in which a reasonable person would think that the professional's judgment is likely to be compromised. A potential conflict of interest involves a situation that may develop into an actual conflict of interest. It is important to note that a conflict of interest exists whether or not decisions are affected by a personal interest; a conflict of interest implies only the potential for bias, not a likelihood. It is also important to note that a conflict of interest is not considered misconduct in research, since the definition for misconduct is currently limited to fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism."</tt><tt>The New York Times Company: "Conflicts of interest, real or apparent, may arise in many areas. They may involve tensions between journalists' professional obligations to our audience and their relationships with news sources, advocacy groups, advertisers, or competitors; with one another; or with the company or one of its units. And at a time when two-career families are the norm, the civic and professional activities of spouses, household members and other relatives can create conflicts or the appearance of them."</tt>
 * <tt>Jump up ^ Requests for arbitration/Rangerdude. Passed 6-0-1.</tt> == <tt>Further reading</tt> ==
 * <tt>Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees</tt> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |<tt>hide]</tt>
 * <tt> v </tt>
 * <tt> t </tt>
 * <tt> e </tt> <tt>Wikipedia key policies and guidelines</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Overview</tt> |
 * <tt>Five pillars</tt>
 * <tt>Policies and guidelines</tt>
 * <tt>List of policies and guidelines</tt>
 * <tt>List of policies</tt>
 * <tt>List of guidelines</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Project-wide principles</tt> |
 * <tt>Consensus</tt>
 * <tt>Dispute resolution</tt>
 * <tt>Editing policy</tt>
 * <tt>Ignore all rules</tt>
 * <tt>What Wikipedia is not</tt>
 * <tt>Wikipedia is not a dictionary</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Core content policies</tt> |
 * <tt>Neutral point of view</tt>
 * <tt>No original research</tt>
 * <tt>Verifiability</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Other content policies</tt> |
 * <tt>Article titles</tt>
 * <tt>Autobiography</tt>
 * <tt>Biographies of living persons</tt>
 * <tt>Image use</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Content guidelines</tt> |
 * <tt>Citing sources</tt>
 * <tt>Don't create hoaxes</tt>
 * <tt>Do not include copies of primary sources</tt>
 * <tt>External links</tt>
 * <tt>Fringe theories</tt>
 * <tt>Identifying reliable sources</tt>
 * <tt>Notability</tt>
 * <tt>Patent nonsense</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Behavioural policies</tt> |
 * <tt>Child protection</tt>
 * <tt>Civility</tt>
 * <tt>Courtesy vanishing</tt>
 * <tt>Edit warring</tt>
 * <tt>Harassment</tt>
 * <tt>No legal threats</tt>
 * <tt>No personal attacks</tt>
 * <tt>Ownership of content</tt>
 * <tt>Sock puppetry</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Behavioural guidelines</tt> |
 * <tt>Assume good faith</tt>
 * <tt>Conflict of interest</tt>
 * <tt>Disruptive editing</tt>
 * <tt>Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point</tt>
 * <tt>Etiquette</tt>
 * <tt>Gaming the system</tt>
 * <tt>Please do not bite the newcomers</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Editing guidelines</tt> |
 * <tt>Article size</tt>
 * <tt>Be bold</tt>
 * <tt>Disambiguation</tt>
 * <tt>Hatnotes</tt>
 * <tt>Set index articles</tt>
 * <tt>Signatures</tt>
 * <tt>Subpages</tt>
 * <tt>Talk page guidelines</tt>
 * <tt>User pages</tt>
 * <tt>Vandalism</tt>
 * <tt>WikiProjects</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Style conventions</tt> |
 * <tt>Manual of Style</tt>
 * <tt>Contents</tt>
 * <tt>Accessibility</tt>
 * <tt>Understandability</tt>
 * <tt>Dates and numbers</tt>
 * <tt>Images</tt>
 * <tt>Layout</tt>
 * <tt>Lead section</tt>
 * <tt>Linking</tt>
 * <tt>Lists</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Classification guidelines</tt> |
 * <tt>Categories, lists, and navigation templates</tt>
 * <tt>Categorization</tt>
 * <tt>Template namespace</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Deletion policies</tt> |
 * <tt>Attack page</tt>
 * <tt>Criteria for speedy deletion</tt>
 * <tt>Deletion policy</tt>
 * <tt>Oversight</tt>
 * <tt>Proposed deletion</tt>
 * <tt>Proposed deletion of BLP</tt>
 * <tt>Proposed deletion (books)</tt>
 * <tt>Revision deletion</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- !<tt>Wikimedia Foundation</tt> |
 * <tt>List of policies</tt>
 * <tt>Friendly space policy</tt>
 * <tt>Licensing and copyright</tt>
 * <tt>Privacy policy</tt>
 * <tt>Values</tt> |- | colspan="2" | |- | colspan="2" |
 * <tt>Book</tt>
 * <tt>Category: Policies / Guidelines</tt> |} <tt>Categories:</tt>
 * <tt>Wikipedia policies</tt>
 * <tt>Wikipedia glossary items</tt>
 * <tt>WikiProject Biography work groups and child projects</tt>
 * <tt>Wikipedia BLP policy</tt>
 * <tt>Wikipedia content policies</tt>
 * <tt>ssh-add</tt>
 * <tt>Wikipedia content policies</tt>
 * <tt>ssh-add</tt>

MediaWiki debugging using Xdebug and an IDE in your host
The MediaWiki-Vagrant box has Xdebug, a PHP extension for debugging and profiling. Here are the steps to use it:


 * Switch from the default HHVM to ZEND with

Or, to avoid switching back and forth, you can use http://php5.local.wmftest.net:8080/. All requests to that host name will use Zend.

Once switched, XDebug is enabled and will callback your browser if requested. If you want to adjust the xdebug.ini settings further, see below.

Start and ssh to your MW-Vagrant box if you haven't done so already:

Look at the Xdebug configuration:

The following settings work pretty well on older versions of Mediawiki-vagrant, but they probably are unnecessary with newer versions (as of 4-June-2014 the built-in /etc/php5/conf.d/remote_debug.ini works). You may want to read Yurik's virtual box on Windows 7 article for more information.

zend_extension=/usr/lib/php5/[number]/xdebug.so xdebug.idekey=default xdebug.remote_autostart=1 xdebug.remote_connect_back=0 # only phone home if initiated by debugger xdebug.remote_enable=1 xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp xdebug.remote_mode=req xdebug.remote_port=9000 xdebug.remote_host=[address of the host running the IDE you want to debug in]
 * 1) xdebug.remote_connect_back=1 # always try to phone home

Next, configure your IDE.

PhpStorm
In PhpStorm, go to File > Open Directory. Choose the vagrant directory that is contained within your Mediawiki-Vagrant installation. If you are prompted to add files or about Git roots, just cancel those warnings unless you feel comfortable with those settings.

Now that you've created a PhpStorm project by adding the vagrant directory, to see the basic debug settings, go to PhpStorm > Preferences > (under Project Settings) PHP > Debug. These defaults should work well with the /etc/php5/conf.d/remote_debug.ini built-in file for MediaWiki-Vagrant or, failing that, the xdebug.ini file above.

Go to PhpStorm > Preferences > PHP (under Project Settings) > Servers. Click the plus (+) button to add a server. Set the Name field to something like vagrant local. Set the Host field to localhost, the Port field to 8080, and the leave the Debugger dropdwon at a value of Xdebug. Next, click the Use path mappings (select if the server is remote or symlinks are used) checkbox. On the lefthand side you will see your filesystem as expressed by the File/Directory header, and on the righthand side you can click to map the remote (virtual machine) absolute filesystem with your own (host) filesystem path. Here, you want to ensure that your own (host) filesystem path for the vagrant directory is mapped to the remote (virtual machine) filesystem path of /vagrant' for the Absolute path on the server''. Now, click OK.

Next, in PhpStorm, go to Run > Edit Configurations. Click the plus (+) symbol to add a PHP Web Application debug configuration. In the Name field type a descriptive name such as ff and vagrant (e.g., if you're using Firefox). In the Server section, choose the vagrant local server configuration you just defined from the dropdown list. In the Start URL field type a relative path such as /wiki/Main_Page. Choose whatever Browser you want to use from the dropdown list. Click OK.

Next, if you created the custom xdebug.ini, back in your SSH session on the virtual machine, restart Apache to make your xdebug.ini settings take effect:

You may get a warning that Apache bound itself to a port because it couldn't find additional configuration settings. Not a problem.

Now, back in PhpStorm, go to Run > Debug. When prompted. choose the PHP Web Application debug configuration you set earlier.

A browser should launch and the page should be rendered. Not that exciting!

Go back into PhpStorm, and open the file mediawiki/index.php. Add a breakpoint by clicking in the gutter at the lefthand side of the $mediawiki->run; method invocation. You should see a little red orb appear.

Now go to Run > Debug again, and choose the PHP Web Application debug configuration you set earlier. Notice how your Debugger window in PhpStorm paused execution of script and showed you some information about variables that have been set up to the point where you set the breakpoint. You can click the green Resume Program button at the lefthand side of the debugger window to let the script keep running. And if you set other breakpoints in other pieces of code within the project, script execution will pause again. You can also try using the blue Step Into button if you want to see the code execution play out call-by-call. This is a great way to learn how MediaWiki code actually works. Eventually, you'll start adding code to your own files or tweaking existing files and setting breakpoints to make sure variables are set the way you expected at actual runtime.

To learn more about PhpStorm debugging, visit the PhpStorm Debug help page.

Eclipse PDT 3.8
Then, set a breakpoint into   and debug this debug-configuration.
 * Menu File → New → PHP project from existing directory
 * Project name: Your choice.
 * Location: Path to the mediawiki folder in the vagrant installation
 * Option, Host:  , Base path:  , no library
 * Confirm
 * Right-click the project in the PHP explorer → Properties
 * PHP Debug, enable project specific settings
 * Default settings
 * PHP Debugger: XDebug (make sure it's listening to port 9000)
 * Server :
 * Tab Server: Base URL:, Local Web Root:
 * Tab Path mapping: Path on server:, Local path:
 * CLI debugging not required
 * Default base URL: Base path:
 * Menu Run → Debug configurations
 * Create a new one
 * Tab Server:
 * File:
 * URL: Auto-generate
 * Debugger: The previously created Debugger configuration for XDebug

Emacs with geben
First, checkout geben from SVN. The local directory on the right does not matter, as long as it is consistent with the code in your .emacs or .emacs.el file.

Edit your .emacs or .emacs.el file, and add the following:

There is a README in the root of the SVN checkout (the trunk README is linked from here).

Install The easiest Xdebug in Firefox.

In emacs, run. It doesn't matter what file is open, since geben will handle opening what it needs to via ssh (TODO: map local filesystem to remote as with PhpStorm above).

Click the six-legged insect in the addon bar (probably in the bottom right of your window); the tooltip says "Enable Debug with IDE key...". It will turn green.

Finally, load a MediaWiki page. It will stop automatically at the MediaWiki entry point (index.php). You may have to change to the Emacs window.

Many of the key shortcuts are listed in the README. Some important ones are:


 * g - Run
 * i - Step into
 * o - Step over
 * r - Step out
 * b - Set a breakpoint on a line
 * u - Unset the breakpoint on the current line
 * v - Inspect current variables
 * e - Evaluate a PHP expression (which can use variables from the code you're debugging) in the current context

If you want to add some of the Firebug debugger's shortcut keys as alternates, add:

You can change settings by doing. For example, you may want to disable pausing at the entry line once you have breakpoints set up.

LocalSettings.php
The settings.d directory, which is accessible from the base MediaWiki-Vagrant directory on your host, as well as "<tt>/vagrant/settings.d/</tt>" within the virtual machine's, is the best place to add files for extending LocalSettings.php. Just add one file per logical LocalSettings.php enhancement.