Wikidata Toolkit/de

Das Wikidata Toolkit ist eine Open-Source-Java-Bibliothek zur Nutzung von Daten aus Wikidata und anderen Wikibase-Seiten. Sein Hauptziel ist es, es für externe Entwickler einfach zu machen, diese Daten in ihren eigenen Anwendungen zu nutzen. Das Projekt begann Anfang 2014 und wurde von einem Individual Engagement Grant der Wikimedia Foundation unterstützt. Der ursprüngliche Projektvorschlag sah Funktionen zum Herunterladen von Daten aus Dumps oder der MediaWiki Action API vor, sowie Abfrage-Funktionen für den Zugriff auf die Daten und deren Analyse.

Diese Seite und ihre Unterseiten stellen die Haupt-Zugangspunkte zur Dokumentation und Ressourcen zum Wikidata Toolkit dar.

Was ist Wikidata? Was ist Wikibase?
Wikidata ist ein Projekt der Wikimedia Foundation, dessen Anspruch es ist, Daten aus allen Wikipedias und vielen anderen Projekten an einem Ort zu sammeln. Es ist ein Wiki und jeder kann die Daten bearbeiten. Wenn du mehr über das Projekt, seine Ziele, Inhalt und Entwicklung erfahren möchtest, ist der einleitende Artikel Wikidata: A Free Collaborative Knowledge Base ein guter Startpunkt. Weitere Details finden sich auf den Projektseiten auf wikidata.org.

Die Software, die genutzt wird, um die Seite zu betreiben, ist Wikibase. Dies ist eine Erweiterung der MediaWiki-Software, die weiterhin zugrunde liegt. Wikidata enthält jedoch neben den Datenseiten, die den größten Teil des Inhalts ausmachen, auch viele Wikitextseiten, die nebeneinander existieren. Es ist möglich, Wikibase auf anderen Seiten zu nutzen (das erste Beispiel dafür ist das Wiki des EAGLE-Projekts). Das Wikidata Toolkit wurde so geschrieben, dass es auch diese Seiten unterstützt.

Wie man das Wikidata Toolkit nutzt
Derzeit gibt es zwei Hauptmöglichkeiten, das Wikidata Toolkit zu nutzen:


 * 1) Als Java-Bibliothek, um Wikidata-Inhalte in deiner Anwendung zu verarbeiten
 * 2) Als eigenständiger Kommandozeilen-Client, um Wikidata-Inhalte zu verarbeiten

Der Rest dieser Seite konzentriert sich auf die Nutzung in Java. Für weitere Informationen zur Nutzung des Clients, siehe die Wikidata-Toolkit-Client-Dokumentation. Die aktuelle Version von Wikidata Toolkit kann genutzt werden, um automatisch Dump-Dateien von Wikidata.org in Java herunterzuladen und zu verarbeiten. Dies ist nützlich, wenn du alle Daten in Wikidata.org in einem Streaming-Modus in Java verarbeiten möchtest. Erweiterte Abfragemöglichkeiten werden in zukünftigen Versionen hinzugefügt werden.

Ein Beispiel dazu, wie man das Wikidata Toolkit in einem Java-Projekt nutzt, findet sich im Wikidata-Beispielprojekt. Es enthält eine Reihe von Beispielprogrammen und Bots, die grundlegende Funktionen demonstrieren. Das Folgende ist eine Auswahl; für vollständige Details siehe die Beispiel-Dokumentation.


 * FetchOnlineDataExample liest einige Live-Daten aus Wikidata.org aus (ohne dass zuerst eine Dump-Datei heruntergeladen werden müsste).
 * EditOnlineDataExample schreibt Daten nach test.wikidata.org. Es wird gezeigt, wie man neue Datenobjekte erstellt und vorhandene Aussagen bearbeitet. Das Wikidata Toolkit legt doppelte Aussagen für dich zusammen und kombiniert ihre Fundstellen.
 * EntityStatisticsProcessor erstellt einige einfache Statistiken der aktuellen Dumps. Dafür muss zuerst eine Dump-Datei heruntergeladen werden (dies wird nur einmal für jeden Dump durchgeführt).
 * GreatestNumberProcessor Welche Fernsehserie hatte die größte Episodenanzahl? Finde es mit diesem einfachen Programm heraus, das die Daten für den größten Wert einer Eigenschaft sucht.
 * LifeExpectancyProcessor Reveals the average life expectancy of people on Wikipedia and creates a CSV file that you can open in a spreadsheet to draw a graph – the results are surprising. Also shows how to handle times.
 * GenderRatioProcessor Inspired by the work of Max Klein, this program analyses the distribution of genders on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects. Again, some surprising results can be seen from the resulting table in CSV format.
 * JsonSerializationProcessor This program reads the dumps and writes the data to an output file using the standard JSON format. With some variation, you could create files that contain only selected items that can be used by scripts that understand the JSON format.
 * SitelinksExample Wikidata Toolkit can also be used to resolve links to Wikimedia projects, e.g., to find the proper URL of an article on German Wikivoyage. This example shows how to do this.
 * RdfSerializationExample Example program that creates the former RDF exports of Wikidata (please use the dumps produced by Wikibase). Such exports can also be created with the Wikidata Toolkit Client
 * OnlineMediaInfoExample Example program to retrieve data from Wikimedia Commons MediaInfo entities and Wikidata items.
 * EditOnlineMediaInfoExample Example program to edit MediaInfo on Wikimedia Commons.

The code repository contains further documentation on how to run these examples.

Download und Installation
The current release of Wikidata Toolkit is version 0.11.1. The easiest way of using the library is with Maven. Maven users must add the following dependency to the dependencies in their pom.xml file:

You need to use Java 8 or above or a recent version of the Android SDK. If you are using Maven from Eclipse, this might require a change in your Maven config (see beginner's guide below).

Currently, the following Maven modules (artifacts) are available:


 * wdtk-wikibaseapi: Reading and writing data to Wikidata or any other Wikibase site via the MediaWiki action API. This can be used to write Java-based bots for Wikidata, or simply to fetch some live data in a program. Example programs on how to read and write data with this library.
 * wdtk-dumpfiles: Downloading and processing dumpfiles. As shown in the examples, this can be used to get Java access to all Wikidata.org data. It could also be used to download and process XML dumpfiles for arbitrary MediaWiki projects, especially for the Wikimedia projects that publish dumps at dumps.wikimedia.org. However, this access would be on the wikitext level; a parser for MediaWiki wikitext is not included.
 * wdtk-datamodel: Representing Wikibase data in Java. This is an implementation of the Wikibase datamodel as used by Wikidata and other Wikibase sites. It also includes all code needed to convert back and forth between the standard JSON format and Java objects.
 * wdtk-rdf: Code for serializing Wikibase data in RDF, the W3C Resource Description Format.
 * wdtk-storage: Custom data structures that are used by Wikidata Toolkit for storing data in memory.
 * wdtk-util: Utility code that is not specific to any of the other modules.

Most likely, you want to use wdtk-wikibaseapi and/or wdtk-dumpfiles at the current stage (they depend on other modules, which will be downloaded automatically). You could also use wdtk-datamodel alone to represent Wikibase data in your application. However, be aware that some API details may still change until the first stable release.

If you are not using Maven, you can still download the jars for the above modules manually from Maven Central.

The source code is hosted at github, where it can be browsed, forked, and downloaded:
 * https://github.com/Wikidata/Wikidata-Toolkit

Beginner's guide
If you have not worked with Java a lot yet, then the above may still seem somewhat daunting to you. To get started, we suggest you get the free IDE Eclipse to make things a little simpler. You should also install the Eclipse plugin for Maven support as described on our Eclipse setup page (don't worry about git unless you want to use this already).

The following instructions describe how to set up a new project using Wikidata Toolkit from scratch. Alternatively, you could also clone the existing examples project and modify it to your needs.

If you don't know Maven at all, you might want to have a glance at the Maven Getting Started Guide. This is already quite long, so don't read it yet, but it's good to know where to start if you have Maven questions. Anyway, to get started right away, open Eclipse, select File -> New -> Project ... -> Maven -> Maven Project and click "Next". Check "Create simple project" at the top and click "Next". You are then asked for basic data about your new project (the meaning of these fields is explained in the Maven guide). Enter a group id (e.g., "org.example") and an artifact ID (e.g., "my-first-test-project"); the other fields are optional. Click "Finish".

You should now see your new project folder with several standard files pre-created in the Eclipse package explorer on the left. You can browse it to find pom.xml, your Maven configuration. Double-click on this file to open a pom.xml editor. Go to the tab "Dependencies" and click "Add ...". Enter the data given above: group id "org.wikidata.wdtk", artifact id "wdtk-dumpfiles", version "0.11.1" (or whatever is current). Click "OK".

You can look at the "pom.xml" tab to see what this did to the actual file. While you are there, copy and paste the following block to the end of that XML file (just before :

1.8

This tells Eclipse to use Java 1.8, which is required for Wikidata Toolkit. Don't forget to save the file. Right-click your project in the Package explorer on the left, "Maven -> Update project", "OK" to make sure the changed Java version is really set properly for Eclipse. You have thus configured your project to use Wikidata Toolkit in your programs. Right-click on the project on the left, select "Run As -> Maven install" to see if Maven is reasonably happy with this configuration so far.

Your project has no packages or classes yet. You can create them with Eclipse as usual (right click on "src/main/java" -> "New ...") and start hacking away. You can also try out some Wikidata Toolkit example code in your own project (copying just the code from the files rather than importing the whole project). To run the code of EntityStatisticsProcessor (for example), you need to add another dependency to you project (this is used for logging; you can also use something else there; see the example code for how this is configured):

Add this to your pom.xml (you can use the editor you used before or paste it into XML right away; but don't forget to save the file). You are now able to run the program: find your class file in the package explorer on the left, right click "Run as -> Java application". If anything should fail, "Run As -> Maven install" or "Maven -> Update project" on the project again first to make sure the configuration works.

If you (really) want to run the example from the command line using Maven without Eclipse, you can do this by changing to the root directory of your project (the one where your "src" folder is) and run: mvn compile mvn exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="org.wikidata.wdtk.examples.FetchOnlineDataExample"

where "org.wikidata.wdtk.examples.FetchOnlineDataExample" is the class you want to run (with its full package name). Note that the command line does not use the same Maven installation that Eclipse is using, so you might need to install "mvn" for your platform first.

Getting help
Bugs and feature requests should be reported through github under the Wikidata Toolkit issue tracker. For further discussion, the mailing list wikidata-l (usage, general requirements) and wikidata-tech (technical discussions, development) should be used.

For convenience, we also provide an online version of the Wikidata Toolkit API documentation for the current development branch. API documentation for the releases ships with the Maven packages and should be accessible in Ecplise as soon as you have configured your dependencies.

Getting involved
Developers are invited to contribute to the toolkit. Developers can download or fork the github repository, and are generally invited to send comments and requirements. The project uses Maven to manage dependencies and to build the code, making it very easy for developers to compile the project. Change to the folder where the source code has been downloaded to and run the following commands to compile and to test the code (required Maven >=3.0 to be installed):

mvn install mvn test

Maven integration is available for standard Java IDEs:


 * Eclipse setup
 * IntelliJ IDEA

Personen
The project is led by Markus Kroetzsch; see also IEG proposal project team. The list of contributors can be found at github.