Ayuda:Visualización de páginas
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La herramienta de Visualización de páginas permite a cualquier usuario ingresado llevar una lista de páginas "vistas" y ser notificado de ediciones recientes a estas páginas.
MediaWiki no permite a las personas "adueñarse" de las páginas; sin embargo, la herramienta de "lista de seguimiento", junto con la posibilidad de revertir cambios hechos a las páginas, mantiene a los usuarios interesados involucrados en páginas particulares sin la desventaja de darle a alguien control absoluto sobre una página.
Controlando qué páginas fueron "vistas"
Solo páginas no dinámicamente generadas pueden ser "vistas"
La página es siempre "vista" junto a su página de discusión. All additions to and deletions from the list of watched pages apply to the non-talk page / talk page combination: it's not possible to watch one without watching the other.
- While viewing a page
- The white star (or the link "Vigilar" in the monobook skin), located at the margin of each page, adds the current page to your watchlist, and turns the star into blue (or in the monobook skin a "Dejar de vigilar" link).
- The message with id 'addedwatchtext' (discusión) Se han añadido «$1» y su página de discusión a tu lista de seguimiento. or message with id 'removedwatchtext' (discusión) Se han eliminado «$1» y su página de discusión de tu lista de seguimiento., respectively, is shown above the page, and "Vigilar" is changed to Dejar de vigilar or conversely. Depending on the browser this is done without reloading the whole page, using AJAX with ajaxwatch.js.
- While saving a page
- When saving an edited page, the new watch status (do or do not watch) is determined by the "Vigilar esta página" checkbox.
- If one activates the user preference "Añadir a mi lista de seguimiento las páginas y archivos que edite", the checkbox on the edit page will automatically be checked, so unless it is unchecked before saving, the page will be watched upon saving. Additional options are
- Añadir a mi lista de seguimiento las páginas que cree y los archivos que suba - (if the previous is checked this need not be checked, because creation counts also as an edit)
- Añadir a mi lista de seguimiento las páginas y archivos que traslade
- Añadir las páginas y archivos que borre a mi lista de seguimiento
- Editing the whole list
- A specific link to 'Edit your list of watched pages' is provided on top of page Special:Watchlist
- Then several additional links are available on top of Special:EditWatchlist page:
- Ver y editar tu lista de seguimiento produces a full list of linked watched pages (including the talk pages). Selecting one or several checkboxes and then clicking "Borrar páginas" button will remove selected pages from the list.
- Editar lista de seguimiento en crudo provides a textarea with a list of watched pages (without listing the talk pages), with one title on every line, sorted by namespace number and then in alphabetic order. This allows editing the list directly, copying it to an external editor, or replacing it with one created elsewhere. Duplicates are automatically removed on saving.
- Clear the watchlist to empty the list of watched pages
- View relevant changes to show the status of the watched pages
Watchlist Expiry
A new watchlist feature is included in MediaWiki 1.35: Watchlist Expiry. With this feature, you can optionally select to watch a page for a temporary period of time. Once the watch period has expired, the page will be automatically removed from your watchlist. You can update the watch period at any time, including switching from temporary to permanent status. Temporarily watched pages are usually represented by a half star (as opposed to a full star, which represents permanently watched pages). To find out when Watchlist Expiry will be enabled on your wiki, you can check out the release schedule on Meta-wiki. For documentation on how to use the feature, please visit Help:Watchlist expiry.
Lista de seguimiento
When the user is logged in, every page has a link to the user's watchlist, also accessible by the link Special:Watchlist. This page shows a list of all recently changed watched pages, separated by days, ordered backward according to the time of the edit.
Each line shows details of each edit: whether minor (m) or major, whether made by a bot (b), the time, a link to the page, the difference between the current version and the last one, the history, the increase or decrease of the number of bytes, the user name, the user's talk page, the user's contributions and the edit summary. Depending on site configuration, the page name is bolded if the page has changed after the last time the user viewed the page (while logged in).
Technically, the watchlist is just another way to filter recent changes. The entries come from the recentchanges table and are therefore restricted to edits not older than $wgRCMaxAge (30 days in most WMF projects).
Opciones
One can hide or show the following types of edits, using the corresponding links: minor edits, bot edits, one's own edits. These can also be set in preferences as initial options when the user comes to Special:Watchlist page.
Another preference option, although named "Maximum number of days to show in watchlist", also sets only the initial value for a period of time for which changes are shown. This period can be easily changed with corresponding links.
There is also a drop-down box that allows to see the changes only in one specific namespace.
Unlike recent changes, watchlist cannot hide edits by logged in/logged out users, there are no links to show only specific number of edits, and there is no way to show all namespaces except one.
Lista de seguimiento simple
By default watchlist only shows the last edit to each watched page.
There are two possible problems if a page had a non-minor recent edit, but the last edit was marked as minor:
- non-minor edits will not be shown.
Since one is typically interested in all changes since one last checked, in this case the history of the page needs to be checked.
- if watchlist is set not to show minor changes, then the page will not appear in the watchlist at all.
Many experienced users prefer to use Expanded Watchlist.
Lista de seguimiento expandida
With the preference "Mostrar todos los cambios en la lista de seguimiento, no solo los más recientes" the watchlist will show all recent edits, listed in chronological order.
In this case the preference "Agrupar los cambios por página en cambios recientes y en la lista de seguimiento", which toggles enhanced recent changes, also affects the watchlist the same way: recent changes of watched pages are grouped by day, and within a day by page.
Another preference option is "Número máximo de ediciones a mostrar en la lista de seguimiento:". A site can limit the maximum value for this option, for example the maximum seems to be 1000 on WMF projects.
To show pages with older edits, view the changes by namespaces or use the non-enhanced watchlist, and/or reduce the number of watched pages.
Other effects of watching a page
The watchlist is only one of the features with regard to watching pages; even without ever using it, specifying pages to watch is useful.
In Recent Changes, Enhanced Recent Changes, and Related Changes, watched pages are bolded.
If one views the history of a watched page directly, without first viewing the page, the edit at the top (the most recent one) may be marked using update marker message with id 'updatedmarker' (discusión) actualizada después de tu última visita; this applies if the edit was made by someone else and you have not viewed the page (while logged in) since it was made. This is actually enabled together with email notification.
Email notification
- See also Notifications for the 2013 extension.
From MediaWiki 1.5, you can get an email after a watched page has been edited by somebody else. This will not be repeated until you view the page. Viewing a diff or the page history is not enough. Note that you have to be logged in when viewing the page, otherwise you will not be notified of further changes. Optionally this notification system can ignore minor changes (this is the default).
Whether the feature is enabled on a wiki can be seen in the preferences: if it is, the message with id 'tog-enotifwatchlistpages' (discusión) Enviarme un mensaje de correo cuando se modifique una página o un archivo de mi lista de seguimiento will be one of the options of the main section. The notifications for user talk edits are enabled by another preference option.
Having a separate email for every edited page that one likes to watch in the sense of the other watch features, may be too much. New features are being proposed and developed to deal with this: the option to have emails sent, after a delay, with a list of edited pages, and/or the possibility to specify a subset of watched pages for email notification. Véase también Echo (Notifications).
For the latter, as a workaround, one may be tempted to log in under a different username just to specify a different (typically smaller) watchlist for email notification. However, after viewing a page under one username, one would have to clear the notification flag for that page for the other username too.
Technical details
To enable it on a wiki, $wgEnotifWatchlist is set to true, and it still depends on preference settings. The email-message below is: message with id 'enotif body' (discusión) Hola, $WATCHINGUSERNAME:
$PAGEINTRO $NEWPAGE $PAGELOG
Resumen del editor: $PAGESUMMARY $PAGEMINOREDIT
Contacta con el editor: correo: $PAGEEDITOR_EMAIL wiki: $PAGEEDITOR_WIKI
No enviaremos más notificaciones si ocurre más actividad, a menos que visites esta página con la sesión iniciada. También puedes restablecer los estados de notificación en todas las páginas de tu lista de seguimiento.
Atentamente, el sistema de notificaciones de MediaWiki
-- Para cambiar tus ajustes de notificación por correo, visita https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:Preferences
Para cambiar los ajustes de tu lista de seguimiento, visita https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:EditWatchlist
Para quitar la página de tu lista de seguimiento, visita $UNWATCHURL
Para ayuda y comentarios: $HELPPAGE See Email notification. Since May 2011 the feature is enabled on all Wikimedia projects for the user talk notifications, and since April 2012 for watchlist edits too. From early May 2012, the preference for edited pages to be added to watchlist is the default.
User preferences
The following options are (or can be) available in Preferences >> User Profile tab
- Permitir que otros usuarios me envíen mensajes de correo
- Recibir copias de los mensajes de correo que envíe a otros usuarios
- Enviarme un mensaje de correo cuando se modifique una página o un archivo de mi lista de seguimiento
- Enviarme un mensaje de correo cuando se modifique mi página de discusión
- Notificarme también por correo electrónico los cambios menores de las páginas y archivos
- Enviarme un mensaje de correo cuando haya respuestas a un hilo que esté vigilando
Common misunderstandings
Email notification has many settings, so if you think you've missed something check them carefully.
- The notifications about a page that "has been created" may be about any log action (such as protection) on the page, see task T16901 and sons.
- If you don't click the link in the notification, you won't receive it next time.
Look for bolded items in your Special:Watchlist: they're pages you've not yet seen after recent changes and you won't be notified about them (note: your wiki may have hidden this essential highlighting feature).
- Edits by authorised bots sometimes don't cause an email notification even if you've configured your preferences to receive one for that kind of action: namely, if they make a minor edit on your talk page and you've set (only?) "Enviarme un mensaje de correo cuando se modifique mi página de discusión", or if they make a minor edit on any page and you've set "Notificarme también por correo electrónico los cambios menores de las páginas y archivos".
This behavior is not documented nor configurable and has some bugs; see T40874.
Véase también la lista de errores conocidos.
What you cannot watch
Watchlist only detects actual edits to the wikitext of the page.
- Included pages
- Changes to transcluded pages can also change the way the watched page is rendered, however these changes do not appear in the watchlist.
For more information see Help:Page history#Linking to a specific version of a page. One may choose to watch all the templates used, and the templates used by these templates, etc.
- Actions will not appear in watchlist:
- Note that after the move both the old and the new name are watched.
- Some projects have special templates (such as {{Sprotected}}) that should be added to protected pages, thus partly solving the problem.
- Some projects might have a policy to add a deletion notice to the page first, or even to notify main authors on their talk pages.
- One can also periodically check Special:Watchlist/edit page and inspect all broken (red) links.
- Images and categories
- Watching an image or a category means watching only the editable part.
Watchlist will not show uploads of new versions of images. It is not possible to watch a category in the sense of being notified if pages are added or removed. With "related changes," additions to categories can be detected; for removals, one has to watch all pages in the category.
Mirando una página inexistente
Se puede mirar una página inexistente. This page will appear in the watchlist changes when somebody creates it.
For example, if you watch a page that does not yet have a talk page, you will be notified when someone starts a new discussion on the talk page.
You can watch a page even if neither the content page nor the talk page exists. To do that, go to the page's URL, either by typing the URL directly or following a (broken) link, and then press "Watch" (depending on the skin you may have to press Cancel before getting the link Watch).
Page moves and the watchlist
If a page you have watched is moved to a new title, the new title will be automatically added to your watchlist. Even if the page is later moved back, the new title will remain in your watchlist along with the old one.
Even if the new title is deleted after the page has been moved back, a note about the deletion will appear on your watchlist and the title will remain in your list of watched pages. If you notice mysterious nonexistent pages appearing on your watchlist, this is the most likely explanation.
Related changes feature
- Main article: w:Help:Public watchlist
The "Related changes" can be used to set up watchlist-like functionality, as explained below.
Pages with links (possibly specially created for this purpose, e.g. as subpages of one's user page) can be used with Related Changes as a collection of separate "watchlists". Note however that unlike My Watchlist, Related Changes does not automatically include talk pages; to watch also the corresponding talk pages, links to them also have to be in the page on which Related Changes is applied. If the links to the talk pages are put just for this purpose, a blank space as link label can be used, which makes the link invisible and ineffective, except for Related Changes. Also, using Related Changes there is not the convenience of pressing a "watch" link to add the current page to the list of "watched pages".
Note that Related Changes does not detect an edit in the page itself and its talk page. Either include a self-link and a link to the talk page in the page, or put the page in another "special watchlist", or in one's standard watchlist.
Such pages can use the template mechanism to include other pages. However, see Pollution of categories.
Watching pages in a category by applying Related Changes to the category has a major drawback: removal of a page from the category is not detected.
An advantage of using Related Changes as alternative for the list of watched pages is that a revision history of the page(s) with links is available, while the system does not keep a record of pages that one has watched. However, Special:Watchlist/raw allows storage of the list: locally, or in a user subpage on the wiki.
If privacy is a concern, an advantage of the watchlist feature (if the list is not stored in a page on the wiki) is that it does not publicly reveal one's interest in a page (if one does not edit it). Ve también abajo.
CSS
As an alternative or in addition to using the watchlist feature, one can also define a user style for links to selected pages, putting in one's CSS a list of lines like:
a[title ="pagename"] {color: white; background: red; font-size: 150% }
Esto funciona en Opera, pero no en IE.
On the (Enhanced) Recent Changes page it works like the bolding feature mentioned above, but it is more versatile, e.g. allowing extra emphasis on pages one is very interested in, or different styles for different categories of interesting pages. Furthermore, it also works on user contributions pages, and on regular pages (also for piped links, but not for indirect links through a redirect). It also applies, less usefully, for the section editing links in the page itself.
To highlight links to the given page also from other websites, including interlanguage links, use instead of the above:
a[href ="full URL "] { .. }
Note that the full URL is needed, even to highlight links from the same project, even though the HTML code uses the relative URL /wiki/pagename.
Privacidad de las listas de seguimiento
Ordinary users or administrators cannot tell what is in your watchlist, or who is watching any particular page. Developers who have access to the servers that hold the Wikipedia database can figure out this kind of information. Publicly available database dumps do not include this kind of information.